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1.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 88(1): 96-103, jan. 2007. tab
Article Dans Portugais | LILACS | ID: lil-443650

Résumé

OBJETIVO: Observar na prática como a pressão positiva não invasiva com dois níveis de pressão, aplicada com diferentes valores, pode interferir na pressão arterial sistólica (PAS), pressão arterial diastólica (PAD), pressão arterial média (PAM), freqüência cardíaca (FC), freqüência respiratória (FR) e saturação periférica de oxigênio (SatO2), em pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca congestiva (ICC). MÉTODOS: Analisamos 14 pacientes com ICC que foram tratados com ventilação mecânica não invasiva com dois níveis de pressão. A idade média foi de 62,85 anos. Os pacientes foram tratados consecutivamente com EPAP de 5 cmH2O, 10 cmH2O, 15 cmH2O, 10 cmH2O e 5 cmH2O mantendo uma variação de pressão (deltaP) de 5 cmH2O entre a pressão inspiratória (IPAP) e a pressão expiratória (EPAP). Foram coletados os dados ventilatórios e hemodinâmicos em todos esses momentos, e também 5 minutos antes do início do protocolo e 5 minutos após o seu término. RESULTADOS: Houve diferença estatisticamente significante na freqüência respiratória, entre o momento anterior ao do início do protocolo e 5 minutos após a instalação da máscara de pressão positiva (p = 0,022), e na saturação de oxigênio, entre o momento final da utilização de EPAP de 5 cmH2O e depois da retirada da máscara de pressão positiva (p = 0,05). CONCLUSÃO: A ventilação mecânica não invasiva com dois níveis de pressão beneficia os pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca congestiva por meio da melhora da oxigenação e diminuição do trabalho respiratório. Não foi possível observar alterações estatisticamente significantes nos dados hemodinâmicos devido ao pequeno número de pacientes e à presença de outras doenças cardíacas associadas.


OBJECTIVE: To observe in practice how noninvasive bilevel positive pressure, applied at different levels, may interfere with systolic arterial pressure (SAP), diastolic arterial pressure (DAP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR), and peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2), in patients with congestive heart failure (CHF). METHODS: Fourteen CHF patients (mean age 62.85 years) were treated with noninvasive bilevel mechanical ventilation. Patients were consecutively treated with an expiratory positive airway pressure (EPAP) of 5 cmH2O, 10 cmH2O, 15 cmH2O, 10 cmH2O, and 5 cmH2O, maintaining a variation in pressure (deltaP) of 5 cmH2O between the inspiratory pressure (IPAP) and the expiratory pressure (EPAP). Ventilation and hemodynamic data were collected at these time points, as well as 5 minutes before the beginning of the protocol and 5 minutes after its completion. RESULTS: A statistically significant difference was observed in the respiratory rate between the moment just before the beginning of the protocol and 5 minutes after positive pressure mask placement (p=0.022), and in oxygen saturation, between the final minute of EPAP at 5 cmH2O and after the removal of the mask (p=0.05). CONCLUSION: Noninvasive bilevel mechanical ventilation improves oxygenation and reduces respiratory work, thus being beneficial for patients with congestive heart failure. It was not possible to observe statistically significant changes in the hemodynamic data due to the small number of patients and to other associated heart diseases.


Sujets)
Adulte , Sujet âgé , Sujet âgé de 80 ans ou plus , Femelle , Humains , Mâle , Adulte d'âge moyen , Défaillance cardiaque/thérapie , Ventilation à pression positive/méthodes , Pression sanguine/physiologie , Défaillance cardiaque/physiopathologie , Rythme cardiaque/physiologie , Consommation d'oxygène/physiologie , Échanges gazeux pulmonaires/physiologie , Respiration , Résultat thérapeutique
2.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 76(3): 221-30, Mar. 2001. tab, graf
Article Dans Portugais, Anglais | LILACS | ID: lil-281417

Résumé

OBJECTIVE: To compare the effects of 3 types of noninvasive respiratory support systems in the treatment of acute pulmonary edema: oxygen therapy (O2), continuous positive airway pressure, and bilevel positive pressure ventilation. METHODS: We studied prospectively 26 patients with acute pulmonary edema, who were randomized into 1 of 3 types of respiratory support groups. Age was 69±7 years. Ten patients were treated with oxygen, 9 with continuous positive airway pressure, and 7 with noninvasive bilevel positive pressure ventilation. All patients received medicamentous therapy according to the Advanced Cardiac Life Support protocol. Our primary aim was to assess the need for orotracheal intubation. We also assessed the following: heart and respiration rates, blood pressure, PaO2, PaCO2, and pH at begining, and at 10 and 60 minutes after starting the protocol. RESULTS: At 10 minutes, the patients in the bilevel positive pressure ventilation group had the highest PaO2 and the lowest respiration rates; the patients in the O2 group had the highest PaCO2 and the lowest pH (p<0.05). Four patients in the O2 group, 3 patients in the continuous positive pressure group, and none in the bilevel positive pressure ventilation group were intubated (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: Noninvasive bilevel positive pressure ventilation was effective in the treatment of acute cardiogenic pulmonary edema, accelerated the recovery of vital signs and blood gas data, and avoided intubation


Sujets)
Humains , Mâle , Femelle , Adulte d'âge moyen , Oxygène/usage thérapeutique , Oedème pulmonaire/thérapie , Ventilation artificielle/méthodes , Maladie aigüe , Sujet âgé de 80 ans ou plus , Intubation trachéale , Ventilation à pression positive/méthodes , Études prospectives , Oedème pulmonaire/étiologie , Résultat thérapeutique
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