Comparison of Staining Properties of Composites.

Esthetics forms an important aspect of human’s life, because human’s personality and psychological wellbeing rests considerably on his appearance. Discolouration of esthetic restorative materials from the dietary habits vary with geographic distribution especially poor Oral Hygiene increases susceptibility to staining. Restorative resins are susceptible to softening caused by organic acids produced in plaque. Consequently plaque-covered resin restorations may be liable to pronounced staining.

Efficacy and safety of latanoprost for glaucoma treatment: a three-month multicentric study in India.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the short-term efficacy and safety of 0.005% topical latanoprost in Indian eyes. DESIGN: Prospective non-randomised open-label multicentric trial. METHODS: One hundred and fifty patients with ocular hypertension (OHT), primary open-angle, pseudoexfoliation or pigmentary glaucoma were enrolled at four centers. Each center contributed at least 20 patients. Following baseline measurements, 0.005% latanoprost was applied topically once daily in the evening for three months. Patients were examined at 2, 6 and 12 weeks. The primary outcome measure was mean intraocular pressure (IOP) reduction. The mean diurnal variation of IOP (difference between highest and lowest IOP) at baseline and at 12-weeks was compared. RESULTS: One hundred and thirty of 150 enrolled patients completed the study. One randomly selected eye of each patient was included for analysis. At three months, latanoprost reduced the mean IOP from 24.9 (+/- 3.16) mmHg at baseline to 16.10 (+/- 2.7) mmHg, a reduction of 35.25%. 83% had a reduction in IOP of > 25%. The IOP reduction was maintained throughout the study period, and was not affected by gender or age of the patient. One eye did not show any response to the drug. Daytime diurnal variation of IOP was reduced from 4.5 to 2.9 mmHg. 20 patients had conjunctival hyperemia. Six patients had side effects requiring withdrawal from the study. CONCLUSIONS: In this short-term multicentric study, latanoprost effectively reduced IOP and stabilised the diurnal curve in Indian eyes. There were no clinically significant ocular or systemic adverse effects.

Optic disc imaging by Heidelberg retinal tomogram in congenital optic disc anomaly.

We evaluated two cases of congenital optic disc anomaly with the Heidelberg Retinal Tomograph (HRT) that could be mistaken for glaucomatous optic disc. One was an optic disc coloboma with a visual field defect and the other had an optic disc pit without a visual field defect. HRT was abnormal only in the eye with optic disc pit with normal fields. While HRT can be a valuable adjunct to disc evaluation and follow-up, it cannot be used in isolation in the differentiation of abnormal from normal optic discs.

Interpretation of computed tomography imaging of the eye and orbit. A systematic approach.

Computed tomography (CT) has revolutionised the diagnosis and management of ocular and orbital diseases. The use of thin sections with multiplanar scanning (axial, coronal and sagittal planes) and the possibility of three-dimensional reconstruction permits thorough evaluation. To make the most of this technique, users must familiarize themselves with the pertinent CT principles and terminology. The diagnostic yield is optimal when the ophthalmologist and radiologist collaborate in the radiodiagnostic workup. In this article we describe a systematic approach to the interpretation of ocular and orbital CT scans.