Value of 3D-DCE MRA in diagnosis of cavernous transformation of portal vein / 浙江大学学报·医学版

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate three dimensional dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography (3D-DCE MRA) in diagnosis of cavernous transformation of portal vein (CTPV).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twenty-four patients with CTPV underwent 3D-DCE MRA examinations and the reconstructed images were retrospectively analyzed. A series of clinical, laboratory and imaging studies were performed on all these cases. Among all cases 14 underwent operations and 2 with hepatocellular carcinoma complicated portal thrombosis received transhepatic artery chemoembolization.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The CTPA was located in the main trunk in 10 cases, in both the main trunk and left/right branches in 8, and in left or right branches of the portal vein in 4. In the remaining 2 cases CTPA was located at the level of superior mesenteric vein. MRA revealed multiple circuitous collateral veins striding over obstruction to extend into the liver in 9 cases,and in 7 it simultaneously showed streaky or dot-like low signal intensities representing thrombi in the extensively dilated network of portal system. MRA did not clearly demonstrate the structure of the portal vein but only showed multiple sinuous network of venous collaterals strangling together in 6 cases. In 15 cases it also showed the route and distribution of multiple hepatofugal venous collaterals.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>3D-DCE MRA can provide adequate information about the site and severity of CTPA.</p>

Correlation between pathology and imaging characteristics of hepatic agiomyolipoma / 浙江大学学报·医学版

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To discuss CT and MRI characteristics of hepatic angiomyolipoma based on pathological findings.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The CT and MRI appearances with related pathohistological subtypes of 11 hepatic angiomyolipomas from 10 patients were retrospectively analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Ten patients with hepatic angiomyolipomas were subcategorized into lipomatous (3 cases), angiomatous (1 case), myomatous (1 case) and mixed (5 cases) subtypes. Lesions of the lipomatous type were mainly composed of adipocytes which could be easily recognized on both CT and MRI. Abnormal vessels were commonly seen in the angiomatous lesions, which showed pronounced enhancement in the early arterial phase and remained higher than or isodense with the normal parenchyma in the portal phase. The myomatous type was predominantly composed of leiomyoid cells mixed with small amount of adipocytes. The mixed type was the most frequent,evenly comprising sheets of epithelioid muscle cells admixed with islands of adipocytes and abnormal vessels, and showing homogeneously low density on plain CT and low signal intensity on T1-weighted,intermediately high signal intensity on T2-weighted MRI scans. On dynamic study with both CT and MRI, the mixed type exhibited obvious enhancement, which retained to some degree during the portal phase.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The discrete CT and MRI appearances of hepatic angiomyolipomas with different pathological subtypes depend on the components of the tumor.</p>

Combination of genistein with ionizing radiation on androgen-independent prostate cancer cells / 亚洲男科学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>AIM</b>To study the effect of the combined use of genistein and ionizing radiation (IR) on prostate DU145 cancer cells.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>DU145, an androgen-independent human prostate cancer cell line, was used in the experiment. Clonogenic assay was used to compare the survival of DU145 cells after treatments with genistein alone and in combination with graded IR. Apoptosis was assayed by DNA ladder and TUNEL stain. Cell cycle alterations were observed by flow cytometry and related protein expressions by immunoblotting.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Clonogenic assay demonstrated that genistein, even at low to medium concentrations, enhanced the radiosensitivity of DU145 cells. Twenty-four hours after treatment with IR and/or genistein, apoptosis was mainly seen with genistein at high concentrations and was minimally related to IR. At 72 h, apoptosis also occurred in treatment with lower concentration of genistein, especially when combined with IR. While both IR and genistein led to G2/M cell cycle arrest, combination of them further increased the DU145 cells at G2/M phase. This G2/M arrest was largely maintained at 72 h, accompanied by increasing apoptosis and hyperdiploid cell population. Cell-cycle related protein analysis disclosed biphasic changes in cyclin B1 and less dramatically cdc-2, but stably elevated p21 cip1 levels with increasing genistein concentrations.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Genistein enhanced the radiosensitivity of DU145 prostate cancer cells. The mechanisms might be involved in the increased apoptosis, prolonged cell cycle arrest and impaired damage repair.</p>

Enhancing effect of isoflavonoid genistein on radiosensitivity of DU145 prostate cancer cells / 浙江大学学报·医学版

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the enhancing effect of isoflavonoid genistein in irradiation (IR) on prostate DU145 cancer cells.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Prostate cancer cell line DU145 was used in this experiment. Clonogenic assay was applied to compare the survival fractions of DU145 cells after treatments with genistein alone and/or graded IR. DNA electrophoresis and TUNEL method were applied to detect cell apoptosis. Cell cycle was observed using flow cytometry and related protein expressions by immunoblotting.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Clonogenic assay demonstrated that genistein, even at low to medium concentrations, enhanced the radiosensitivity of DU145 cells. After treatments with IR and/or genistein for 24 h, apoptosis was mainly seen with genistein at high concentration and was minimally dependent on IR. Apoptosis also occurred after treatments for 72 h with lower concentrations of genistein, especially when combined with IR. While IR or genistein led to a G2/M cell cycle arrest, combination of them could further increase DU145 cells at G2/M phase. This G2/M arrest was largely maintained at 72 h, and accompanied by increasing apoptosis and hyperdiploid cell populations. Cell-cycle related protein analysis disclosed biphasic changes in cyclin B1, less markedly increased cdc-2 and stably elevated p21(cip1) levels with increasing genistein concentrations.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Genistein could enhance the radiosensitivity of DU145 prostate cancer cells. The mechanisms might be involved in the increased apoptosis, prolonged cell cycle arrest and impaired damage repair induced by the combined treatment.</p>