A Case of External Jugular Vein Thrombophlebitis with Sepsis / 대한이비인후과학회지

Septic thrombophlebitis results from extensive infection of the lateral pharyngeal space to the jugular vein and generally occurs in healthy adolescents and young adults. This disease can disseminate to multiple distant sites such as joint, liver, kidney, eye, bone, and especially lung, and can lead patients into fatal condition. Contrast enhanced computed tomography and ultrasonography are good diagnostic methods for external jugular vein thrombophlebitis (EJVT). Treatment of EJVT includes intravenous antibiotics and surgical drainage of abscess, ligation or excision of the jugular vein, in addition to fibrinolytic agents and anticoagulants. With a review of literature, authors report a case of external jugular vein thrombophlebitis with sepsis which has successfully been managed by ligation and excision of the vein.

A case of Neurilemmoma of the Larynx / 대한이비인후과학회지

Neurilemmoma is a benign tumor which may develop from the nerve sheath of the cranial, sympathetic, and peripheral nerves. This tumor is characteristically solitary and well-capsulated. About 25% of this tumor occurs in the head and neck region and the acoustic nerve is most frequently involved, but neurilemmoma of the larynx is rare. Recently, authors experienced a case of neurilemmoma occured in the paraglottic space of the larynx. The tumor was successfully removed through lateral thyrotomy approach. So we report this case with literature review.

Leiomyoma of the Nasal Septum: a case report / 대한이비인후과학회지

Leiomyoma is a tumor rarely occurring in the nose and the paranasal sinus. It constitutes about 1% of all benign tumors arising in the head and neck area. This is probably due to the paucity of smooth muscle in the nose. We experienced a case of leiomyoma originating in the right side of the nasal septum in a 50-year- man. It was successfully removed by endoscopic surgery, and we report this case with literature.

A Case of Adenosquamous Carcinoma of the Larynx / 대한이비인후과학회지

Malignant laryngeal tumors include a variety of histologic types with different biologic features, each calling for a different therapeutic approach and giving rise to a different prognosis. We experienced a case of laryngeal adenosquamous carcinoma which is an extremely rare neoplasm in larynx. The lesion is histologically distinctive because of the presence of mixed areas of unequivocal adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. Differential diagnosis include adenoid squamous cell carcinoma and mucoepidermoid carcinoma. It is found that combined surgery and additional radiation therapy is necessary because the biologic behavior and prognosis of this neoplasm are considered as more aggressive and worse than that of conventional squameus cell carcinoma.

Detection of Epstein Barr Virus and HTLV-1 in Head and Neck Lymphomas / 대한이비인후과학회지

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Extranodal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) of the head and neck (H & N) accounts for 10-20% of all cases of NHL. Despite their frequency, the cause of these lymphomas is still poorly understood. Recently, the role of viral origin in NHLs, including Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), as the main cause of sinonasal lymphomas of T/NK cell phenotype and HTLV-1 as a cause of acute T-cell lymphoma/leukemia has been well documented. We investigated the clinicopathologic findings, immunophenotypic profile, and status of EBV and HTLV-1 DNA of patients with H & N lymphoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-seven patients with NHL of H & N region were studied. There were 15 males and 12 females with the median age of 50 years. All patients were reclassified according to the Working formulation (WF) and REAL classificaton. EBV genome DNA and HTLV-1 RNA were surveyed by PCR assay using formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissue blocks. RESULTS: The tonsil was the most commonly involved site (44.4%), followed by nasal cavity (18.5%), nasopharynx (18.5%) and orbit (7.4%). Immunophenotyping revealed 19 cases of B cell lineage, 7 cases of T cell lineage and one case of null cell type. Most of B-cell lymphomas were diffuse large cell lymphomas (58%). Tonsillar lymphomas were all B-cell origin. Four of the five nasal cavity lymphomas and one nasopharyngeal lymphoma showed an angiocentric T/NK cell phenotype with strong association with EBV. EBV genome was detected in 15 of 26 H & N NHLs (57.7%). Seven of 19 B-cell lymphomas (36.8%) and all T/NK or null cell type lymphomas were positive for FBV DNA. However, there was no HTLV-1 positive cases found. CONCLUSIONS: It could be concluded that the high incidence of EBV of angiocentric T/NK-cell lymphomas of the nasal cavity may indicate a probable role of EBV in the development of these lymphomas.

Endoscopic Tympanoplasty / 대한이비인후과학회지

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Modern endoscopes provide a direct access into the hidden recesses of the middle ear using a minimally invasive approach. The authors employed endoscopes in a transcanal tympanoplasty and analyzed the results for the further application of these endoscopic procedures to various otologic surgeries. MATERIALS AND METHOD: 15 ears with chronic otitis media and 2 ears with congenital cholesteatoma were operated under local anesthesia using 2.7 mm and 4 mm rigid endoscopes, a camera, and a monitor. RESULTS: The structures in the posterior tympanum were directly visualized with 0 endoscope in all cases without removal of the overlying bone. The attic was visualized with 70 endoscope after removal of the incus. 15 tympanoplasties were performed in 14 cases of chronic otitis media and in 1 congenital cholesteatoma. Staged tympanoplasties were performed for the other 2 cases. The intraoperative aid postoperative courses were uneventful in all cases. All cases showed closure of' the perforation and 15 cases showed favorable hearing results postoperatively. CONCLUSION: The endoscopes directly visualized the structures in the posterior tympanum and the transcanal endoscopic tympanoplasties showed closure of the perforation and favorable hearing results postoperatively. With the employment of these endoscopes, minimally invasive otologic surgeries will be possible on the ears with narrow canal, adhesive otitis, ossicular abnormalities, and other abnormalities.

Incidence of Congenital External Ear Anomalies in Taegu City and Kyungpook Province / 대한이비인후과학회지

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Congenital anomalies of the external ear occurs rarely, and has negative effects on children due to its unaesthetic appearance and hearing impairment. Thus surgical management is needed to correct the deformity and to gain hearing. Authors report the incidence of congenital anomalies of the external ear because there is no available data in Korea. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We conducted a hospital based survey and analyzed data from 9 hospitals in Taegu city and Kyungpook Province for the year of 1996. RESULTS: 1) Of the total of 33,898 births, 63 new borns were affected, and the incidence of anomaly was 18.5 per 10,000 births. 2) Incidence of male and female was 43 (68%) and 20 (32%). 3) Incidence of abnormalities is as follows: preauricular sinus was 7.0 per 10,000 births, polyotia was 4.4 per 10,000 births, lop ear was 2.1 per 10,000 births, bifid lobule was 0.9 per 10,000 births, macrotia was 0.9 per 10,000 births, Satyr ear was 0.6 per 10,000 births, microtia was 9.2 per 10,000 births, aural atresia was 3.2 per 10,000 births. 4) According to Marx's classification of the microtia, Grade I was 20, Grade II was 4, and Grade III was 8 cases.

A Clinical Study on the Surgical Treatment of Inverted Papilloma / 대한이비인후과학회지

BACKGROUND: Inverted papilloma is an uncommon benign tumor which is characterized by local aggressiveness, high recurrence rate, associated malignancy and tendency to multicentricity. Most authors advocate radical surgical removal of these tumors; however, conservative endoscopic surgery has been reported to be effective in selected cases. OBJECTIVES: To compare with operative methods of the inverted papilloma. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This study comprised 14 cases of inverted papilloma, which were divided into 3 groups. The first was lateral rhinotomy and traditional medial maxillectomy treated group with 7 cases. The second group was treated with conservative endoscopic intranasal resection of 4 cases and the third group was treated by endoscopic medial maxillectomy of 3 cases. RESULTS: The follow-up periods in average were 23 months, 19 months and 11 months in first, second and third groups respectively. All cases showed no recurrence. CONCLUSION: Although follow-up periods are insufficient, the endoscopic approaches are meaningful methods to treat inverted papilloma.

Functional and Morphological Changes of the Nasal Mucosa after Radiotherapy / 대한이비인후과학회지

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the functional and morphological changes of the nasal mucosa after radiotherapy in humans. MATERIALS & METHODS: We examined the pathology of the nasal mucociliary system by saccharine transport test and electron microscopy in 18 patients previously treated with radiation therapy. Each patient was asked about prevalence of nasal symptoms before and after radiation therapy with questionare. RESULTS: The patients who received radiation therapy had negative saccharine test results and noted higher prevalence of nasal crust, anosmia, epistaxis etc. after radiation therapy. There was the evidence of recovery from squamous metaplasia about 40 months after radiotherapy in electron microscopic examination. CONCLUSION: Although we could not confirm the results because of the small size of the samples and inconsistency of the duration and dosage of radiation, we found the evidence of recovery from squamous metaplsia. These results may be useful in taking counsel with patients about the complications of radiation therapy and the possibility of recovery of nasal symptoms.