RÉSUMÉ
John Cunningham virus infection is an important cause of progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy (PML) in the context of advanced human immunodeficiency virus infection. Limited data are available regarding the true incidence of PML as a presenting manifestation of HIV. We report one such case and also highlight the effective use of polymerase chain reaction in confirming its diagnosis.
Sujet(s)
Encéphale/anatomopathologie , Encéphale/imagerie diagnostique , Femelle , Infections à VIH/complications , Histocytochimie , Humains , Virus JC/génétique , Virus JC/isolement et purification , Leucoencéphalopathie multifocale progressive/diagnostic , Leucoencéphalopathie multifocale progressive/anatomopathologie , Imagerie par résonance magnétique , Microscopie , Adulte d'âge moyen , Techniques de diagnostic moléculaire/méthodes , Réaction de polymérisation en chaîne/méthodes , Virologie/méthodesRÉSUMÉ
Zolpidem is a non-benzodiazepine hypnotic drug, acts selectively through omega 1 receptors of GABAA. It is thought to be safer than benzodiazepines but we report a case of zolpidem drug abuse, dependence and withdrawal seizure.
Sujet(s)
Adulte , Humains , Hypnotiques et sédatifs/administration et posologie , Mâle , Trouble panique/traitement médicamenteux , Pyridines/administration et posologie , Facteurs de risque , Crises épileptiques/induit chimiquement , Troubles de l'endormissement et du maintien du sommeil/traitement médicamenteux , Syndrome de sevrage/étiologie , Troubles liés à une substance/étiologieRÉSUMÉ
Megalencephalic leukocncephalopathy is rare disorder seen in India in patient belonging to Agarwal community. Many of the patients may have a mild clinical course with gradual worsening of neurological disability. A case is being reported who was followed for 17 years and paradoxically showed radiological and clinical improvement.
Sujet(s)
Adolescent , Kystes du système nerveux central/complications , Électroencéphalographie , Études de suivi , Démarche/physiologie , Maladies démyélinisantes héréditaires du système nerveux central/diagnostic , Humains , Inde , Imagerie par résonance magnétique , Mâle , Appréciation des risques , Indice de gravité de la maladieRÉSUMÉ
Brainstem death and brain death although practically same with regards to the concept of organ donation, remain technically different. Brain death mandates irreversible cessation of all the functions of the entire brain and brainstem while brainstem death signifies irreversible damage to the brainstem. As per the Indian law, brainstem death is the legal requirement and not brain death.
Sujet(s)
Mort cérébrale/diagnostic , Tronc cérébral , Humains , Inde , Transplantation d'organe/législation et jurisprudenceSujet(s)
Adulte , Endocardite bactérienne/microbiologie , Faciès , Humains , Lentigo , Mâle , Infections à staphylocoques , Accident vasculaire cérébral , SyndromeRÉSUMÉ
Antiphospholipid syndrome is an uncommon cause of stroke. A 12 year old girl with this syndrome is reported who presented with thrombotic stroke and high titres of anticardiolipin (aCL) and lupus anticoagulant (LAC). The patient improved subsequently and was put on aspirin. The present report highlights the importance of screening for aCL and LAC in cases of stroke in young patients.
Sujet(s)
Anticorps anticardiolipines/sang , Syndrome des anticorps antiphospholipides/sang , Enfant , Femelle , Humains , Embolie intracrânienne/sang , Inhibiteur lupique de la coagulation/sang , Imagerie par résonance magnétique , Thalamus/anatomopathologie , TomodensitométrieSujet(s)
Adulte , Enfant d'âge préscolaire , Femelle , Syndrome de Guillain-Barré/traitement médicamenteux , Hépatite B/prévention et contrôle , Vaccins anti-hépatite B/administration et posologie , Humains , Mâle , Examen neurologique , Pronostic , Stéroïdes/administration et posologie , Résultat thérapeutiqueRÉSUMÉ
Forty cases of diaphyseal fracture of humerus were treated by functional cast bracing (FCB). Results were compared with a series of 25 patients treated by U cast method. Average time taken for union was 7.5 weeks with a range of 5-14 weeks by FCB method. Fractures treated by U cast method took on an average 10 weeks to unite. Stiffness at shoulder and elbow was uniformly found in patients treated by U cast. More than 50% patients had varus angulation less than 5 degrees after treatment by FCB. Only 16% had varus angulation less than 5 degrees by U cast method while 32% had varus angulation more than 15 degrees. FCB is distinctly superior method of treatment for diaphyseal fracture of humerus.