Résumé
Recent data suggest that during mechanical ventilation, lateral patient position [in which the endotracheal tube is horizontal] decreases the incidence of bacterial colonization of ventilated neonates. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of lateral and supine position on bacterial colonization of endotracheal tube in neonates. We conducted a prospective, randomized, clinical trial with 31 intubated neonates [intubated within 48 hours after birth]; sixteen neonates were positioned supine [supine group], and fifteen were maintained in the lateral position [lateral group].Tracheal aspirates were cultured in second and fifth days of mechanical ventilation. Data were analyzed with SPSS version 16. In the second day of ventilation, positive cultures were recognized in 6.2% of supine group and 6.7% of lateral group. After 5 days, tracheal cultures were positive in 25% [4 neonates] of supine group and 13.3% [2 neonates] of lateral group that wasn't statistically significant [P=0.9 in second day and P=0.9 in the fifth day]. The most common organisms isolated from tracheal aspirates were Gram-negative rods [Klebsiella]. Since respiratory contamination is very common among ventilated neonates and the effect of lateral position on bacterial colonization of endotracheal tubes of intubated neonates wasn't established in our study, further studies are required to suggest ways to decrease bacterial colonization of intubated neonates