RÉSUMÉ
Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) refers to any degree of glucose intolerance with onset or when it is first diagnosed during pregnancy. Gestational diabetes mellitus is found to adversely affect the maternal and perinatal outcomes. The extent of the risks associated with GDM and the prevalence rate of GDM depends on the diagnostic criteria used and ethnicity of the pregnant women. Hence in order to prevent the morbidities that could result due to GDM, it is crucial to diagnose and treat during the early stages. However, confusion pertaining to the detection and diagnosis of GDM still prevails due to applicability of various threshold guidelines for its diagnosis.Methods: The study was a prospective, single-center, randomized, controlled study conducted in the year 2021 at the department of obstetrics and gynaecology of Bhaktivedanta Hospital and Research Institute, Thane, India. The objective of the study was to evaluate the utility of IADPSG and DIPSI guidelines for screening and diagnosis of GDM at a tertiary care center.Results: The sensitivity and specificity of DIPSI and IADPSG were compared and their readings were evaluated. The results proved that DIPSI criteria was more sensitive as compared to IADPSG criteria.Conclusions: DIPSI is a non-fasting, fairly simple, single test method that is appropriate for low resource countries. The sensitivity of IADPSG criteria was shown to be slightly lower when compared with DIPSI criteria in the current study, despite the fact that they are universal criteria for screening and diagnosing GDM around the world. The only limitation was that it was a single center study.
RÉSUMÉ
Background: Women have unique health concerns and are affected by health issues that are either more prevalent in women than in men or a disease that is common in men too but require a different treatment approach in women and this is where women’s health comes into play. Women are afflicted by some or the other reproductive morbidity at least once in their lifetime. These reproductive morbidities are broadly categorised into obstetric, gynaecological or contraceptive morbidity. Among these three categories of reproductive morbidities, gynaecological morbidities are relatively more frequent and account for a major proportion (43%-92%) of the disease burden in women.Methods: This study was a prospective, single-centre, controlled, observational study conducted from January 2021 to December 2021 in the department of obstetrics and gynaecology of Bhaktivedanta hospital and research institute, Thane, India. The objective of this study was to study the magnitude and impact of a particular type of gynaecological problem in this region and to know the need of developing better preventive and therapeutic protocols including the start of specialised gynaecological clinics.Results: Among various reproductive health issues, there were three most frequently occurring issues reported which were menstrual disorder, abnormal vaginal discharge and lower abdominal pain with a frequency of 29%, 24% and 19% respectively. Among the menstrual disorders commonly observed in women, the most common disorders were irregularity of menstrual cycles (39%) and menorrhagia (31%). Out of all the characteristics of vaginal discharge, changes in its colour constituted the highest percentage (51%) with white and yellow colour discharge being the most common (23% and 24% respectively).Conclusions: Menstrual irregularities and reproductive tract infections were the major gynaecological morbidities observed. This study identifies major gynaecological problems and highlights the need for dovetailing health care resources towards it.