Relation between serum uric acid and Non Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus(NIDDM).

Background & Objectives: NIDDM is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. NIDDM increases the risk for all manifestations of atherosclerotic vascular disease, coronary heart disease, cerebro-vascular disease and peripheral vascular disease. Coronary heart disease mortality and morbidity rates are two to four times higher in diabetic patients than in non-diabetic subjects. NIDDM is a metabolic disorder that is characterized by high blood glucose in the context of insulin resistance and relative insulin deficiency. The aim of the study was to assess the relation between serum uric acid and NIDDM. Methods: The study group included 30 NIDDM cases and 30 control of both sex. Fasting blood samples were collected from both cases and controls in Dhiraj General Hospital, Pipariya, vadodara. Fasting blood sugar, and serum levels of uric acid, creatinine, lipid profile assayed by standard IFCC protocol. Results: There was a significant increase in fasting blood sugar, serum creatinine, uric acid, and lipid profile with exception to high density lipoprotein in NIDDM cases as compared to control. However the correlation bet ween uric acid and other parameter was not very relevant. Conclusion: The study showed significant increase in serum uric acid with the increase in blood sugar value in NIDDM. Elevated uric acid levels are associated with increased risk of cardiovascular mortality in NIDDM.

Study of lipid profile in cirrhotic patients.

Background &Objective: liver cirrhosis is a chronic inflammatory condition associated with lipid abnormalities. The aim is to study lipid profile in liver disease and to determine the lipid profile in patients with cirrhosis and to asses if it relates to the severity of the cirrhosis. Materials and Methods: In an analytical cross-sectional study, 40 patients with cirrhosis (case) and 40 age- and sex-matched healthy normolipidemic patients (control) were studied in Dhiraj General Hospital, Pipariya, and Vadodara. Details including personal characteristics, etiology of cirrhosis, and lipid profile (total, LDL, and HDL cholesterol and triglyceride) was taken for each patient (both case and control). Statistical analysis was done and results were documented. Results: In patients with cirrhosis, there was a significant decrease in serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL and HDL cholesterol levels compared to the control group (mean of 132 vs. 186, 78 vs. 182, 76 vs. 137, and 41 vs. 47 mg/dL, respectively; all p<0.05). Interpretation & Conclusion: Serum total, LDL and HDL cholesterol level in patients with cirrhosis is inversely correlate with severity of cirrhosis.

Prevalence of torus palatinus and torus mandibularis in 1000 patients.

Since the presence of torus poses a problem in successful construction of dentures, a study was carried out to determine the prevalence of Torus Palatinus and Torus Mandibularis in 1000 patients, which was 9.5% and 1.4% respectively. The prevalence of Torus palatinus was more common in female than males. Majority of the tori were found in the age group of 11 to 30 yrs and were rarely seen before 10 yrs of age. The most common region was the middle of the palate as well as mandible. It is emphasized that presence of torus should be carefully evaluated and construction of denture be modified accordingly.

Papillomatous type of squamous cell carcinoma of tongue (a case report).

A rare case of papillomatous type of squamous cell carcinoma on the dorsal surface of the tip of the tongue in a female patient was reported. Histopathologically the deeper structures were not affected and the lesion was well differentiated squamous cell carcinoma so the spread of the tumor cells to lymph-nodes and other organ system was not occurred which ultimately leads to the good prognosis. Therefore, it is very important for the clinician to recognize early abnormalities in mucosa.