Down Syndrome with Gingival Enlargement.

Down syndrome is the commonest autosomal chromosomal anomaly with an incidence of 1 in 600 to 1000 live births in all races and economic groups. In this condition extra genetic material causes mental and physical retardation. The physical features and medical problems associated with Down syndrome can vary widely. Generally, these patients now live longer due to increase medical attention. Dental practitioners are challenged by the high incidence of early onset aggressive dentine problems. The complex anatomy, physiology, immunology, and microbiology underscore the need to describe a case report of a 15-year old male patient with the classical features of Down syndrome with gingival enlargement and its dental treatment.