Effect of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome on blood lipid and blood glucose in elderly hypertensive patients / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) on blood lipid and blood glucose in elderly hypertensive patients.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>a One hundred and seven elderly hypertensive patients received examinations by polysomnography and according to the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), the patients were divided into four groups, namely uncomplicated hypertension group (n=23) and 3 hypertension groups with mild (n=31), moderate (n=29) and severe (n=24) OSAS. The fasting and 2-hour postprandial plasma glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), Apo-A, and Apo-B of these patients were measured.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>aCompared with the non-OSAS patients, all the OSAS patients showed increased fasting and 2-hour postprandial plasma glucose, HbA1c, TC, TG, LDL and TC/HDL, and the increments were statistically significant in severe OSAS patients (P<0.05). The level of HDL was lowered in the OSAS groups, showing significant difference between severe OSAS group and the non-OSAS group (P<0.05). Apo-A level was lowered and Apo-B increased in the OSAS groups, but the differences were not statistically significant (P>0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>OSAS may produce harmful affect on the blood glucose and blood lipids in elderly hypertensive patients.</p>

Clinical analysis of coronary artery disease in elderly patients with sleep disordered breathing / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To understand the prevalence of sleep disordered breathing (SDB) in elderly patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and explore the relations between SDB and CAD.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sixty-two elderly patients with and 18 without CAD identified by coronary angiography underwent examinations by polysomnography (PSG). Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was measured by 99Tc equilibrium radionuclide angiography.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In the 62 elderly patients with CAD, 53.2% had SDB, a rate significantly higher that (22.2%) in the 18 non-CAD patients. The CAD patients with SDB had higher respiratory disturbance index (RDI) and body mass index (BMI) and lower arterial saturation of oxygen (SaO2) during sleep, with longer duration of low SPO2 (less that 90%). The incidence of hypertension was higher in CAD patients with SDB than in those without SDB. No significant correlation was found between the severity of coronary artery disease and RDI (r=-0.16, P>0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The elderly patients with CAD have higher incidence of SDB, and appropriate interventions should be administered in those with severe SDB.</p>

Relationship between chronic congestive heart failure and sleep-disordered breathing in elderly patients / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To determine the prevalence of sleep disordered breathing (SDB) in elderly patients with chronic congestive heart failure (CHF) and explore the relations between SDB and left ventricular function.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>By means of polysomnography, 56 elderly patients with CHF were divided into non-SDB, mild SDB, moderate SDB, and severe SDB groups, and the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was measure by (99)Tc equilibrium radionuclide angiography.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In the 56 elderly patients with CHF, 38 (67.9%) had SDB, including 12 (21.4%) mild SDB, 14 (25.0%) moderate SDB, and 12 (21.4%) severe SDB patients. Thirty (53.6%) of the 56 patients with CHF had obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), 4 (7.1%) had central sleep apnea and 22 (39.2%) had mixed sleep apnea. The moderate and severe SDB groups had lower minimum arterial oxyhemoglobin saturation during sleep than the non-SDB groups, and the apnea-hyponea index was closely related to LVEF (r=-0.74, P<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The prevalence of SDB, predominantly OSA, is high in elderly patients with CHF. Moderate and severe SDB might affect the left ventricular function in these patients, who require polysomnography monitoring.</p>