Résumé
ABSTRACT Chronic ulcers of the lower limbs are common and recurrent, especially in the elderly population, they are disabling injuries that generate a great socioeconomic burden. This scenario encourages the development of new, low-cost therapeutic alternatives. The present study aims to describe the use of bacterial cellulose in the treatment of lower limb ulcers. This is an integrative literature review, carried out in the PubMed and Science Direct databases by associating the descriptors, with the inclusion criteria being clinical studies in the last 5 years, available in full in English, Portuguese and Spanish. Five clinical trials were analyzed and the main therapeutic effects obtained in the experimental groups that used bacterial cellulose dressings were a reduction in the area of the wounds, one of the studies showed a reduction of 44.18cm2 in the area of the wound, the initial lesions measured on average 89.46cm2 and at the end of the follow-up, they had an average of 45.28cm2, since the reduction in pain and the decrease in the number of exchanges were advantages described in all groups that used the BS. It is concluded that BC dressings are an alternative for the treatment of lower limb ulcers, their use also reduces operational costs related to the treatment of ulcers.
RESUMO As úlceras crônicas de membros inferiores são comuns e recorrentes principalmente na população idosa, são lesões incapacitantes e que geram grande ônus socioeconômico. Tal cenário incentiva o desenvolvimento de novas alternativas terapêuticas e de baixo custo. O presente estudo tem como objetivo descrever o uso da celulose bacteriana no tratamento de úlceras de membros inferiores. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, realizada nas bases de dados PubMed e Science Direct por meio da associação dos descritores, tendo como critério de inclusão estudos clínicos nos últimos 5 anos, disponíveis na integra em inglês, português e espanhol. Cinco ensaios clínicos foram analisados e os principais efeitos terapêuticos obtidos nos grupos experimentais que utilizaram os curativos de celulose bacteriana foram redução da área das feridas, um dos estudos apontou uma redução de 44,18cm2 da área da ferida, as lesões iniciais mediam em média 89,46cm2 e ao término do acompanhamento apresentaram uma média de 45,28cm2, já a redução da dor e diminuição do número de trocas foram vantagens descritas em todos os grupos que utilizaram a CB. Conclui-se que os curativos de CB são uma alternativa para o tratamento das úlceras de MMII, sua utilização reduz também os custos operacionais relacionados ao tratamento de úlceras.
Résumé
ABSTRACT Objective To validate the application of the bacterial cellulose (BC) membrane as a protecting barrier to the urethra. Materials and Methods Forty female Wistar rats (four groups of 10): Group 1 (sham), the urethra was dissected as in previous groups and nothing applied around; Group 2, received a 0.7cm strip of the BC applied around the urethra just below the bladder neck; Group 3, received a silicon strip with the same dimensions as in group 2; Group 4, had a combination of 2 and 3 groups being the silicon strip applied over the cellulosic material. Half of the animals in each group were killed at 4 and 8 months. Bladder and urethra were fixed in formalin for histological analysis. Results Inflammatory infiltrates were more intense at 4 months at lymphonodes (80% Grade 2), statistically different in the group 2 compared with groups 1 (p=0.0044) and 3 (p=0.0154). At 8 months, all samples were classified as grade 1 indicating a less intense inflammatory reaction in all groups. In group 2, at 8 months, there was a reduction in epithelial thickness (30±1μm) when com-pared to groups 1 (p=0.0001) and 3 (p<0.0001). Angiogenesis was present in groups 2 and 4 and absent in group 3. In BC implant, at 4 and 8 months, it was significant when comparing groups 4 with 1 (p=0.0159). Conclusion BC membrane was well integrated to the urethral wall promoting tissue remodeling and strengthening based on morphometric and histological results and may be a future option to prevent urethral damage.