Pheochromocytomas

Introduction: Pheochromocytomas are rare neuroendocrine tumors, producing catecholamines, which usually affect the adrenal medulla region of the adrenal gland. These tumors may clinically manifest in several ways, presenting themselves in most patients with persistent hypertension or paroxysmal. Ten percent of cases are considered malignant, confirmed by the presence of metastases and approximately 24% of cases are associated with inherited syndromes. Diagnostic confirmation of these syndromes implies preparatory workup, treatment and stringent follow-up, preferably with a multidisciplinary team. Objective: This study is a survey of recent studies to clarify issues related to clinical, diagnosis, genetic and treatment aspects of these patients. Conclusion: It is widely accepted that a significant percentage of patients with sporadic pheochromocytoma may have germline mutations leading to more widespread disease development and/or malignancy, and that surgical treatment in these cases must be complemented by careful clinical surveillance for early diagnosis of recurrences. This study prioritized the importance of conducting a proper pretreatment workup in cases of pheochromocytoma, which provides the additional information required for a rational course of treatment for patients.

Abordagem do trauma renal - artigo de revisão: review of the literature / Management of renal trauma: review of the literature

A incidência de traumatismo é uma realidade crescente nos dias de hoje. O acometimento dos reina ocorre em cerca de 10 por cento dos pacientes com trauma abdominal fechado ou penetrante, podendo elevar muito a morbimortalidade quando não bem conduzido. Os autores fizeram um levantamento de artigos recentes para esclarecimentos no diagnóstico e na conduta no traumatismo renal, desde os detalhes anatômicos até o tratamento definitivo. A correta condução do paciente é fundamental para a preservação e manutenção da função do órgão, sobretudo da vida, após o evento traumático.

Trauma incidence is increasing nowadays. Kidney injuries occur in about 10 percent of patients with blunt or penetrating trauma, and those lesions add morbidity and mortality when not appropriate care is carried out. A literature review of the most recent papers was done by the authors to clarify diagnosis and final treatment. The correct management is a must to preserve and keep the kidney function, moreover, the quality of life after a trauma event.