RÉSUMÉ
Today, with the advancement of environment pollution and health that is obtained from the improper use of inorganic fertilizer, production and use of organic fertilizer is considered as an important approach in the field of soil science in the world’s interest to investors. A research was conducted during Zaid season 2022 on central research farm of department of soil science and agricultural chemistry, (NAI) SHUATS, Prayagraj. Field trial was designed on Randomized Block Design with three replications and nine treatments. It may be concluded from the trial that the different level of NPK and FYM in the experiment gave the highest value. The best results were obtained with T9 treatment which included (N20P40K40 kg ha-1 + FYM10 t ha-1). This treatment resulted in the maximum plants height with the most leaves, no. of clusters plant-1, no. of pod cluster-1, no of pod plant-1, length of pod (cm) and highest pod yield. In contrast, the control treatment (T1) had the lowest results in all categories. The available NPK and FYM with the treatment combination of T9 (N20P40K40 kg ha-1 + FYM10 t ha-1) was found to be the best for the improvement of growth and yield of cluster bean. Therefore, farmers of Prayagraj region can adopt this combination to give the highest yield of cluster bean.
RÉSUMÉ
A study was done to evaluate the physical and chemical characteristics of soils in 2022–23 in several Kandhmal districts of Odisha. The primary goals of this study were to investigate the physico-chemical characteristics of soil at various depths. To determine the availability of macronutrients in soil samples from Udayagiri, Raikia, and Tikabali blocks in Kandhmal District, Odisha, and to provide an assessment, 9 sampling locations were chosen. The depths at which soil samples were taken were 0–15, 15–30 and 30–45 cm, respectively. The soil colour (dry condition) varied from brownish yellow to yellow. The soil colour (wet condition) varied from dark reddish brown to dark brown. On practically every site, sand and loam dominated the soil texture. Bulk density varied between 1.01 and 1.49 Mg/m3). The range of the particle density was 2.14 to 2.52 Mg m-3. Pore space varied between 47.64 and 41.11%. The range of the water-retaining capacity was 45.17 to 39.17%. The pH of the soil was 5.01 to 6.15, which indicates that it is moderately acidic. Between 0.17 and 0.41 dS m-1, the electrical conductivity was found to be The range of the soil's organic carbon was 0.21 to 0.41%. The range of available nitrogen was 134–330 kg ha-1. The range of available phosphorus was 3.56 to 23.82 kg ha-1. From 108.39 to 256 kg ha-1, there was potassium that was readily available. Between 3.32 and 4.02 cmol (p+) kg-1 of exchangeable calcium were present. The range of the exchangeable magnesium was 2.6 to 3.6 [cmol (p+) kg-1]. are very sufficient on this soil. There is growing awareness of the importance of improving the soil's macronutrients for good soil health and optimal plant nutrition in order to achieve the highest possible economic yield and a soil that is suited for all important tropical and subtropical crops. Results suggest that farmers should adopt appropriate soil management techniques, such as conservation tillage and crop rotation, which will contribute to maintaining the soil's physical characteristics and ensure the sustainability of agricultural practises and the long-term health of the soil.