Résumé
Background: There is inadequate information on menstrual hygiene management practices and socio-cultural restrictions among adolescent girls in developing countries. The objective of the present study was to assess the menstrual hygiene management practices and associated socio-cultural restrictions among adolescent school girls.Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out among adolescent school girls 10 to 19 years of age, who had attained menarche, in a rural area of district Barabanki. Total 640 adolescent girls were included in the study, and information was recorded on a predesigned and pretested interview schedule. Relevant statistical analysis was done and significant associations were found.Results: 60.5% of the girls were using sanitary pads, and 71.4% took bath during their periods. 41.3% of the girls used to change pads during schools. Unsatisfactory menstrual hygiene management practices were significantly high among girls who were from lower socioeconomic class (p<0.001) and had illiterate mothers (p<0.001). 82.8% of the girls faced religious restriction.Conclusions: Significant associations were found between menstrual hygiene management practices of adolescent school girls with their mother’s education level and socio economic status. A proper menstrual hygiene management practice is very important for every young girl to lead a healthy life and should be achieved at the beginning of their menarche by enhanced information education and communication (IEC) programmes.
Résumé
Background: Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) is associated with considerable morbidity and mortalityassociated with non communicable diseases like lung cancers, asthma, respiratory infection etc. Therefore the present study was conducted to study the exposure of passive smoke among residents (non smokers) in a rural population of Barabanki district, Uttar Pradesh. Methods: A community based cross-sectional study was conducted among 1346 adults non smokers aged 25 years and above residing in rural areas. Multistage random sampling was done. Equal number of study subjects were enrolled from six randomly selected villages of Satrikh block in Barabanki district. A pre-designed questionnaire was used for collecting data regarding socio-demographic characteristics and passive exposure to tobacco smoke in home and work places. Results: About 33.1% of study participants at home and 28.4% at workplaces were exposed passively to tobacco smoke. The association between exposure to passive smoke both at home and workplace was found to be significantly associated with younger age group, other backward caste category, educational status and low socioeconomic status (p<0.05). The exposure at workplace was significantly found to be more among males and those who were laborer/ agriculture worker or shopkeeper by occupation (p<0.05). Conclusions: Exposure of passive smoke among adult non-smoker population was found to be quite common both at home and workplaces. This emphasized the importance of need based specific interventions to reduce the risk of exposure and forthcoming smoking related morbidities and mortalities due to passive smoke inhalation.
Résumé
Background: The role of RHTC set up under MCI requirement of medical colleges is rising in implementation of NRHM phase 2 programme (2012 onwards); as private medical colleges are expanding in India and they can be an important supporter in public-private partnership for national health programmes. Objective of current study was to assess the role of rural health training centre as a supporting component to a primary health care system for NRHM programme. Methods: The present study was carried out by comparative evaluation of the rural health and training centre of a private medical college with a sub-centre (Muzaffarnagar) on key RCH services of NRHM: a) Family planning materials distribution, b) ANC services and c) Immunization services. Inclusion criteria: Proper ethical approval from both primary health care system and private medical college authorities were obtained for the study. Study design: Prospective evaluation based study on ANM in SC & SN in RHTC in NRHM programme for 1 year duration from 1st January 2013 to 31st December 2013. Data analysis: The statistical data was analysed by Epi-info version 7.1.3. Results: The ANC services, family planning services and immunization services delivered under NRHM programme was found to statistically significantly contributed (P <0.05) by SN of RHTC as compared to ANM of SC in area of Bilaspur, Muzaffarnagar (Uttar Pradesh). Conclusion: RHTC of a private medical college in Muzaffarnagar (UP) is significantly contributing and supporting in RCH services of NRHM programme for primary health care system. RHTC of medical colleges can be an asset for public private partnership in NRHM programme.
Résumé
Background: Currently adolescents mortality and morbidity in rural areas is featured by many causes such as communicable as well as non-communicable diseases apart from accidents, suicides etc which lead to illness or premature death later in their life and their usage of rural health centre services is also emerging to be a new issue. That’s why it is important to study this area critically. Aims & Objective: To study the rural health centre services utilization by adolescents. Materials and Methods: This was prospective study carried out from 1st January 2013 to 31st December 2013. The study was carried out at the rural health and training center (RHTC), Bilaspur of Muzaffarnagar Medical College, Muzaffarnagar (UP) which covers 6 villages. All adolescents attending OPD in year 2013 according to the WHO defined criteria of adolescents (10-19 years) and who gave consent were included and enrolled in this study. Adolescents who did not attend OPD and those who did not give consent for participation in study at RHTC Bilaspur were excluded. Results: The study found that the majority of female patients utilized OPD services of RHTC (53.3%) but main health care service utilized among adolescents was Medical Problem (20.5%) whereas Obstetrical & Gynaecology problems were least (13.8%). Among the other services; most common utilized were dressing for injuries (11.3%) and least utilized were, immunization services (0.8%). Conclusion: The usage of health services utilization of RHTC suggests that there are emerging problems in different health specialties among adolescents, so this area needs further research in future studies.