Response of China aster to Bio-inoculant Amendments under Pot Experiment

The present investigation was layout out in Completely Randomized design (CRD) to assess the impact of biofertilizers on China aster with total of nine treatments and each treatment replicated thrice. The treatments consist of different combinations of bio-inoculants (Azospirillum, PSB, VAM and KSB). The results revealed that the treatment T8 (75%RDF+Azospirillum+PSB) was found significantly higher compared to other treatment combination, which recorded highest plant height (27.28 cm), Number of leaves (27.44), plant spread (15.28 cm2), Days to bud emergence (47.11 days), days of first bud break (54.67 days), opening first flower (62.33 days),number of flowers per plant(14.12), stalk length (13.00 cm), flower dimeter (4.92cm),Vase life (12.22 days), Leaf area (14.11 cm2).The economics viz. Gross return (Rs. 16,800), Net return (Rs. 8928) and Benefit cost ratio (2.13) was found highest in the same treatment.

Myopia prevalence in a population-based childhood visual impairment study in North India – CHVI-2

Purpose: The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of myopia at the community level. Methods: A population?based, cross?sectional study was planned in 40 clusters among children identified with subnormal vision in the urban community of Delhi. House?to?house visits were conducted for visual acuity screening of 20,000 children aged 0–15 years using age appropriate visual acuity charts. All the children with visual acuity of < 6/12 in any eye in the age group between 3 and 15 years and inability to follow light in age group 0–3 years were referred for detailed ophthalmic examination. Results: A total of 13,572 (64.7%) children belonged to the age group of 6–15 years. Of these, a total of 507 (3.7%) were found to be having myopia (spherical equivalent of ?0.50 DS or worse in one or both eyes) with positive association with higher age groups. Conclusion: The estimated prevalence of myopia is 3.7%; the proportion of uncorrected myopia was 45%, which reflects that refractive error services need to be improved further.

Sleep Loss in School Children : Fact or Myth

Purpose – Sleep habits play an important role in the health of young children. Sleep is often compromisedeither because of parents by pressuring children to study into late hours or due to sleep habits of childrenthemselves. The aim of study was to assess the sleep habits of school going children in the capital stateof Delhi, India. Methods – A total of 1457 students aged 9-17 years participated and filled validated ‘Schoolsleep habit survey’ form. A performa was also developed to collect information on usual presleep habits ofschool children. Data was analysed using SPSS ver 20. The form was filled by parents and children together.Results – Sleep onset latency >30 min was reported by 8.6% of the students. Mean bedtime of studentswas 10.49±1.14h on schooldays and 11.10±1.37 h at weekends. On weekends, students woke up later at8.08h±1.76h than schooldays 5.46±1.41h. Older age category (>15 years) slept for lesser duration than theyounger age. On weekends girls slept longer than boys. Majority of the students considered themselves tobe ‘good sleepers’. Lower academic grades in school were found to be associated with insufficient sleep.Number of family members played a significant role on quality of sleep. 23.7% reported to be active onelectronic gadgets prior to sleep. Students reported a reduced parental influence on bedtime with increasingage during schooldays. Boys felt that parents influence the sleep time more on schooldays. Conclusion-sleep problem in the form of increased sleep onset latency was reported by 8.6% children themselves. Useof electronic gadgets, lack of parental influence on setting bed times was seen.

Asymptotic Approximations to the Isothermal Pyrolysis of Deodara Leaves using Gamma Distribution / Aproximaciones asintóticas a la pirólisis isotérmica de hojas de deodara usando la distribución gamma / Aproximações assintóticas à pirólise isotérmica de folhas de deodara com a distribuição gamma

Abstract The main aim of this paper pivoted around the influence of some parameters relevant to biomass pyrolysis on the numerical solutions of the nth order distributed activation energy model (DAEM) using the Gamma distribution. The upper limit of 'dE' integral, frequency factor, reaction order, and the shape and rate parameters of the Gamma distribution are investigated. Analysis of the mathematical model is done with the help of asymptotic expansion.

Resumen El propósito principal de este artículo gira en torno de la influencia que tienen ciertos parámetros relacionados con la pirólisis de biomasa sobre las soluciones numéricas del modelo de energía de activación distribuida (MEAD) de orden n, usando la distribución Gamma. Se estudian el límite superior de la integral 'dE', el factor de frecuencia, el orden de reacción, y los parámetros de forma y velocidad de la distribución Gamma. El análisis del modelo matemático es realizado con ayuda de una expansión asintótica.

Resumo O objetivo principal deste artigo gira em torno da influencia de certos parâmetros relacionados à pirólise de biomassa nas soluções numéricas do modelo de energia de ativação distribuída (MEAD) de orden n, usando a distribuição Gamma. São estudados o limite superior da integral 'dE', o fator de frequência, a ordem da reação, e os parâmetros de forma e velocidade da distribuição Gamma. A análise do modelo matemático é realizada com a ajuda de uma expansão assintótica.

Breast cancer pain management - A review of current & novel therapies.

Breast cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers amongst women in the world. Unfortunately, even after adequate treatment, some patients experience severe pain either due to disease progression or due to treatment related side effects. The persistent pain causes a negative physical and psychosocial impact on patients’ lives. Current rational pain management is patient-centred and requires a thorough psychological assessment. Usually adequate analgesia is achieved by adopting the WHO’s three step analgesic ladder. As the disease progresses, the pain experienced by the patient also increases. This necessitates the administration of opioids and adjuvant analgesics to the breast cancer patients experiencing severe pain. However, opioid use is associated with intolerable side effects like constipation, nausea, vomiting, fear of dependence, and tolerance. Concomitant medications are required to combat these unacceptable side effects. Adjuvant analgesics need to be added to provide adequate and satisfactory analgesia. These factors worsen the psychological state of patients and deteriorate their quality of life. Hence, there is a need to develop therapeutic modalities to provide adequate analgesia with minimum side effects. This review article focuses on the current treatments available for cancer pain management, their limitations, and novel targets and non-pharmacological measures under investigation which have the potential to produce a radical change in pain management measures for the breast cancer patients.