[Prevalence of microbial contamination in cellulose products supplied in the city of Tehran]

Along with the constant increase in world population and consequently, the growing need to provide cellulose, as the most abundant organic substance in nature to produce cellulose products, concerns regarding the possible contamination of these products might cause skin, and genital and urinary infections. The aim of this study is to determine the possible microbial contamination of these products supplied in the city of Tehran. This is a descriptive study on 200 samples of unexpired cellulose products including napkins, nappies, sanitary napkin, and cardboard boxes to carry sweets. Fifty samples were obtained in the city of Tehran during six months from September 2011 to February 2012. Microbial contamination was investigated according to the procedure proposed by the Institute of Standards and Industrial Research of Iran. The results obtained indicate that 18 samples [9%] exceeded the level allowed for aerobic bacteria and molds in one gram of specimens. Besides, 16 samples [8%] were contaminated with at least one of the following bacteria: Streptococcus Group D, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli. A total of 34 samples [17%] could not be consumed. The least and the most contaminated products were sanitary napkins [0.5%] and cardboard boxes to carry sweets [5%], respectively. The presence of pathogenic bacteria in cellulose products that could cause skin, and genital and urinary tract infections asks for more control over such sanitary products

[ role of Streptococcus mutants in dental caries in two groups of sensitive and resistance children age between 3 to 5 years]

Dental caries in children caused by repeatable consumption of sweet product especially at night, that itself mostly depend on economic and cultural background of the society and family. One of the most common diseases of human being is dental caries, which are caused by many factors, such as microorganisms, dieting, passing time, and the host itself. Among the microorganisms Streptococci mutants play the major role in causing dental caries. The aim of this research was to investigate the role of Streptococci mutants in dental caries between two groups of children sensitive and resistance to caries. This was a cross-sectional research, in which 120 children [60 susceptible and 60 resistance] aged between 3 to 5 referred to Tehran University dental school were selected randomly. The selection criteria for the sensitive and resistance dental caries were dmfs > 5 and dmfs < 10 respectively. None of the groups had used any drug or fluoride products before sampling. Saliva of both groups were collected, and transferred to the specific culture media [Mitis Salivarious Agar]. After incubation at 37 Degree°C colonies of S.mutans were counted. There was a significant difference between the number of colony counting [cfu/ml] with age and consumption of repeated sugar product, while. there was no significant difference between [cfu/ml] sex, oral hygiene, and nutrition period during infancy. The results of this study showed that the consumption of sugar product in childhood results in dental carries