Isolation and characterization of canine parvovirus type 2c (CPV-2c) from symptomatic puppies

Canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV-2) is a leading cause of diarrhea in puppies in several parts of the world. In this study CPV-2 was detected and recovered from puppies showing clinical disease from Montevideo, Uruguay. Samples were processed and used to infect CRFK and MDCK cells in order to isolate the virus. Out of twelve, two samples were positive for CPV-2. A genomic region of 583 bp was amplified and the molecular characterization was performed by sequencing, phylogenetic analysis and Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP). Two isolated viruses (UY1 and UY2) were CPV-2c-like viruses. The comparison between the cytophatic effect (CPE) of CPV-2 (vaccinal virus) and CPV-2c (isolated virus) on primary canine cells cultures and on CRFK line cells, demonstrated that CPV-2c is less citopathogenic in CRFK than in primary cultures. Our study represents the first report on isolation and characterization of canine parvovirus type 2c (CPV-2c) in cell cultures from South American dogs.

Effect of orthodontic treatment using fixed molar bands on periodontal tissues- clinical and microbiological evaluation.

The Purpose of this clinical and microbiological study was to evaluate the clinical and microbiological changes occurring in mandibular first molar during fixed orthodontic treatment using molar bands. A total of 30 young adults of age between 15 and 20 years were selected for the study. The experimental groups Gr-1 and Gr-2 consisted of 10 subjects in each, who were scheduled for fixed orthodontic treatment. They were seen one week before and just prior to fixation of molar bands oral hygiene instructions were given and oral prophylaxis done. Group II subjects were given instructions to use 0.2% chlorhexidine mouth rinse twice daily as an adjunct to plaque control measures. The control group involved 10 subjects without any orthodontic treatment. After baseline clinical and microbiological evaluation all individuals were examined at 1 – month, 3-month and 6-month intervals. Following tooth – banding there was significant increase in plaque scores, gingival scores and pocket probing depths in experimental groups than in controls. Also in gr-I and gr-II, where as there was no change in, microbiota in controls. These results document the potential of orthodontic treatment. After baseline clinical and microbiological evaluation all individuals were examined at one month, three month and six month intervals. Following tooth – banding there was significant increase in plaque scores, gingival scores and pocket probing depths in experimental groups than in controls. Also a “Shift” in microbiota to more periodontopathogenic organisms is observed in Gr-1* and Gr-2**, where as there was no change in microbiota in controls.

Enamel matrix derivative in periodontal reconstructive surgery. A new approach in periodontal regeneration.

True periodontal regeneration is the goal of any periodontal regenerative techniques. Cementum formation is a key event in the development of root and supporting periodontium. Due to its distribution, acellular cementum is the type most affected by early to moderate periodontitis. Studies over the past twenty years demonstrated that, enamel matrix proteins from the root sheath are involved in the formation of acellular, during tooth development. Thus the adjunctive use of enamel matrix derivatives in conjunction with regenerative periodontal surgery could possibly lead to true periodontal regeneration. The purpose of this article is to review the use of enamel matrix derivative in true periodontal regeneration.