Follicular Adenomatoid Odontogenic Tumor.

Adenomatoid odontogenic tumor is an uncommon odontogenic lesion, composed of odontogenic epithelium, characterized histologically by duct like structures with amyloid like deposits, noninvasive lesion with slow but progressive growth. Here we are reporting a case of adenomatoid odontogenic tumor in a 16-year-old female patient in the maxillary region. This paper provides the controversies regarding its origin and management in light of recent findings, clinical, radiographic, histopathologic and therapeutic features of the adenomatoid odontogenic tumor.

Verrucous carcinoma in association with oral submucous fibrosis.

Oral verrucous carcinoma is a form of well differentiated squamous cell carcinoma characterized by exophytic over growth. It is slow growing and locally invasive tumor occurring in 6 th and 7 th decade of life. Smoking and chewing tobacco is found to be the most common etiological factor of verrucous carcinoma although oral leukoplakia may act as a predisposing factor. This is a rare case of oral varrucous Carcinoma seen in association with oral submucous fibrosis in a younger patient with long standing history of chewing tobacco.

Unicysticameloblastoma of the mandible - A Case Report.

Ameloblastoma is a true neoplasm of odontogenic epithelial origin. It is the second most common odontogenicneoplasm, and only odontoma outnumbers it in reported frequency of occurrence. Its incidence, combined with itsclinical behavior, makes ameloblastoma the most significant odontogenic neoplasm. Unicysticameloblastoma (UA)refers to those cystic lesions that show clinical, radiographic, or gross features of a mandibular cyst, but on histologicexamination show a typical ameloblastomatous epithelium lining part of the cyst cavity, with or without luminaland/or mural tumor growth. It accounts for 5-15% of all intraosseousameloblastomas. We report a case ofunicysticameloblastoma in a 40-year-old male, and review the literature..

Algorithms as guides for the prevention of permanent nerve damage in leprosy patients.

The responsibility for treating leprosy patients is being passed on to the general medical and health care services, predominantly located in primary health care centres. It therefore becomes necessary for the staff of these services to have clear guidelines on what they should do to prevent permanent nerve damage and its consequences when they come across a leprosy patient with neuritis or nerve function deficit. Six algorithms to help achieve this purpose are presented in this article.

Endotracheal aspirate cultures in predicting sepsis in ventilated neonates.

Nosocomial infections are the most common complications encountered in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). They are associated with high mortality and prolonged duration of hospitalization in the survivors, contributing to an increased cost of health care. In this article, we review the literature on the value of routine endotracheal aspirate cultures for the prediction of neonatal sepsis and provide guidelines to prevent nosocomial infections. Upon reviewing the literature it appears that the practice of routine cultures of endotracheal aspirate and cultures obtained from multiple body sites is an expensive proposition with low yield. The sensitivity of this test is at best 50% and all studies report a very low positive predictive value. The specificity of this test is 80%, hence its role is mainly limited to identifying infants who are at low risk for sepsis. As we do not have any reliable test for early diagnosis of neonatal sepsis and also to identify infants at high risk for sepsis, our main emphasis should be towards preventing nosocomial infections. Guidelines for reducing nosocomial infections are described.

Secondary and primary dapsone resistant leprosy: an analysis of 199 patients from St. Thomas Hospital and leprosy project, Chettupattu, South India.

The occurrence of secondary and primary dapsone resistance in 199 patients in our control area and the influence of certain variables such as age, initial bacteriological and morphological indices, duration of regular dapsone monotherapy, on the emergence of dapsone resistance was investigated. Ninety one of 122 patients and 29 out of 77 showed secondary (SDR) and primary (PDR) resistance to dapsone respectively. Very low BI (BI:2.5) group also showed both SDR (60%) and PDR (40%). Low or high MI group exhibited the same degree of resistance. Multiplication of M. leprae was obtained even when the MI of the inocula was zero. Even in the group who had 1 to 5 years duration of regular dapsone treatment, 85% patients showed SDR. Significance of such results are discussed in relation to chemotherapy. The overall minimum prevalence of SDR was found to be 5.6% and 21% in the case of PDR in our control area.

Foot pressure measurement in leprosy and footwear design.

Leprosy patients deprived of sensory feedback allow excessive pressures to be applied to feet, thereby cause foot ulcers. Quantitative knowledge of the pressure distribution under leprotic feet is helpful to prevent further damage to foot by designing suitable footwear. This paper describes barographic technique for measurement of pressures under the leprotic feet and the design of special footwear for prevention of foot ulcers.