Résumé
Cancer is a disease in which a group of abnormal cells grow uncontrollably by disregarding the normal rules of cell division. Across several cancers, Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most aggressive cancers in worldwide. It is held responsible for up to 1 million deaths globally per annum. HCC is an inflammation-related cancer, as a chronic inflammatory state is necessary for cancer appearance. In this study, the drug astaxanthin and encapsulated astaxanthin was tested against HCC. Mice were divided into 7 groups; Group I: control, Group II: DEN induced, Group III: DEN + 50 mg/kg astaxanthin, Group IV: DEN + 100 mg/kg astaxanthin, Group V: DEN + 50 mg/kg encapsulated astaxanthin, Group VI: DEN + 100 mg/kg encapsulated astaxanthin, Group VII: DEN + 10 mg/kg sorafenib. Regular diet was given. Body weight, Food intake, water intake was noted. Other biochemical parameters such as ALP, AST, Albumin, proteins and TNF-α was determined. Finally, the liver was removed from each mice of different group by sacrificing them and histopathology was done. In vivo evaluation in mice models showed significant antitumor activities by both encapsulated and non-encapsulated astaxanthin at 100 mg/kg as compared with the control, DEN induced group and positive drug sorafenib. This research suggested that encapsulated astaxanthin can also be used as chemotherapeutic agent for the treatment of Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
Résumé
An outbreak of fever in a village in southern India was reported on 1st September, 2001. The first reported case presented with epistaxis and a platelet count of 27000h(1)/mm3. Clinical, laboratory and entomological evidence supported a diagnosis of dengue fever. One third of the village was affected and 3.7 % of the population presented with haemorrhagic symptoms; none were fatal. Five acute cases tested for dengue specific IgM showed that two were positive. The larvae of Aedes aegypti were discovered from domestic water collections in the village. Spatial analysis done with the help of Geographical Information Systems software (GIS) demonstrated a centrifugal spread of cases from the most affected street until it involved the entire village. Spatial analysis revealed that cases occurred in clusters and that these could not have occurred by chance. This was our first experience in producing a geo-referenced map of a village area and in spatial analysis. GIS is a novel and simple tool for outbreak investigations and the spatial analyst adds additional information to the data collected. Control of adult mosquitoes and larvae prevented the outbreak from spreading to an adjacent village.