The effect of short-term pulmonary rehabilitation on the exercise ability and life quality of male patients with acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease / 中华物理医学与康复杂志

Objective:To investigate the effects of short-term pulmonary rehabilitation on the exercise ability and life quality of men with acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).Methods:Thirty-eight male COPD patients with acute exacerbation were selected and randomly divided into a rehabilitation group ( n=20) and a control group ( n=18). Both groups were given routine health education and medication, while the rehabilitation group was additionally provided with a 7-day, three-stage rehabilitation intervention, including the respiratory training, resistance training using a resistance band and gradual low-intensity walking training, all under remote electrocardiographic monitoring. Before and after the intervention, both groups′ exercise ability was evaluated using the 30-second chair sitting test (30-STS) and a 30-second forearm load flexion test (30-ACT). Each subject′s quality of life and ability in the activities of daily living were evaluated by two qualified rehabilitation therapists. The subjects′ level of daily physical activity was assessed 2 months after discharge. Results:After the intervention the average 30-STS and 30-ACT results of the rehabilitation group had improved significantly. The 30-ACT results of the control group were also significantly improved. After the intervention the average 30-STS and 30-ACT results of the rehabilitation group were significantly better than the control group′s averages. The average CAT and MBI scores of both groups were significantly better after the intervention, with the rehabilitation group′s averages significantly better than those of the control group. Two months after discharge, the number of patients with at least moderate daily physical activity increased from 6 to 19 in the rehabilitation group and from 4 to in the control group, a significant difference between the two groups.Conclusion:The three-stage pulmonary rehabilitation program is helpful for improving the exercise ability and quality of life of COPD sufferers, and their ability in the activities of daily living. Their level of daily physical activity is higher 2 months after discharge.

Effects of aerobic exercise combined with resistance training on the cardiorespiratory fitness and exercise capacity of patients with stable coronary artery disease / 中华心血管病杂志

Objective@#To observe the effects of aerobic exercise combined with resistance training on the cardiorespiratory fitness and exercise capacity of patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD) .@*Methods@#From June 2014 to December 2015, 73 patients with stable CAD in our department were recruited and randomly assigned to two groups: the control group (n=38) and the exercise group (n=35) . Patients in both groups received conventional medical treatment for CAD and related cardiac health education. While for patients in exercise group, a twelve-week aerobic exercise combined with resistance training program were applied on top of conventional treatment and health education. Cardiorespiratory fitness and exercise capacity were evaluated by cardiopulmonary exercise testing.@*Results@#(1) The exercise capacity was significantly increased in the exercise group after 12 weeks training as compared to baseline level: peak oxygen uptake per kilogram ( (26.25±5.14) ml·kg-1·min-1 vs. (20.88±4.59) ml·kg-1·min-1) , anaerobic threshold ( (15.24±2.75) ml·kg-1·min-1 vs. (13.52±2.92) ml·kg-1·min-1], peak oxygen pulse ( (11.91±2.89) ml/beat vs. (9.77±2.49) ml/beat) , peak Watts ( (113.2±34.0) W vs. (103.7±27.9) W) , peak metabolic equivalent ( (7.57±1.46) METs vs. (6.00±1.32) METs) (all P<0.05 vs. baseline) . (2) The degree of improvement of peak oxygen uptake per kilogram ( (26.25±5.14) ml·kg-1·min-1 vs. (22.32±4.00) ml·kg-1·min-1) , anaerobic threshold ( (15.24±2.75) ml·kg-1·min-1 vs. (13.76±2.51) ml·kg-1·min-1) , peak oxygen pulse ( (11.91±2.89) ml/beat vs. (9.99±2.15) ml/beat) and peak metabolic equivalent ( (7.57±1.46) METs vs. (6.47±1.17) METs) were significantly higher in exercise group than in control group (all P<0.05) .@*Conclusion@#Aerobic training at an aerobic threshold level combined with Thera-band resistance training is safe for patients with stable coronary artery disease. This combined exercise program can significantly improve the cardiorespiratory fitness and exercise capacity of patients with stable coronary artery disease.

Autonomic Nerve Functional Changing and the Impact of Comprehensive Exercise in Patients With Cardiovascular Neurosis / 中国循环杂志

Objective: To observe the autonomic nerve functional changing and the impact of comprehensive exercise in patients with cardiovascular neurosis (CN). Methods: Our research included in 2 groups: CN group, n=48 and Control group, n=30 normal subjects. Resting heart rate (RHR) and heart rate at the first recovery minute (HRR1) were measured by cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) for comparison between 2 groups. In CN group, 30 patients were chosen and randomly assigned into 2 subgroups: Medication subgroup, patients received β-receptor blocker, n=14 and Comprehensive exercise subgroup, patients received the same medication plus aerobic and Thera-band resistance training, n=16; both subgroups were intervened for 3 months. Symptom checklist 90 (SCL-90) was used to evaluate relevant parameters before and after intervention, the changes of RHR and HRR1 were also compared between 2 subgroups. Results: ① Compared with Control group, CN group had the higher RHR and lower HRR1, all P<0.01. ② Compared with pre-intervention, both subgroups had improved RHR, HRR1 and SCL-90 scores at post-intervention, all P<0.05; compared with Medication subgroup, Comprehensive exercise subgroup showed improved SCL-90 scores and HRR1, all P<0.05. Conclusion: Comprehensive exercise including aerobic and Thera-band resistance training could effectively improve the clinical symptoms in CN patients, which might be related to changing the autonomic nerve function in relevant patients.

In-hospital cardiac rehabilitation improves exercise capacity after cardiac surgery / 中华物理医学与康复杂志

Objective To explore the effect of an in-hospital cardiac rehabilitation program on exercise capacity after cardiac surgery.Methods Forty-two patients with valvular heart disease or coronary heart disease were recruited and randomly divided into a rehabilitation group (n=22) and a control group (n=20).Both groups were given preoperative education and breathing guidance on the basis of conventional clinical treatment,but the rehabilitation group was also provided with in-hospital cardiac rehabilitation after the operation.The two-minute stepping test (2-MST) and the left ventricular ejection fraction test (LVEF) were performed before and after the intervention for both groups.Their hospital stays were also compared.One month after discharge,the exercise capacity of both groups was followed-up by telephone using the Veterans-specific Activity Questionnaire (VSAQ).Results After the intervention,there was no significant difference in average LVEF between the two groups (53.73±9.29％ and 56.25± 11.01％ respectively).The average 2-MST stepping frequency of the rehabilitation group was significantly greater than the control group (79.41± 10.99 times and 71.25± 14.21 times respectively,P＜0.05).One month after discharge,the exercise capacity of the rehabilitation group was also significantly higher than the control group for (5.77± 1.46 METs versus 4.75± 1.34 METs,P＜0.05).Stepping frequency at discharge and exercise capacity at one month after discharge were both positively correlated to 2-MST stepping frequency at admission(r =0.869,P＜0.01;r=0.752,P＜O.01).The average hospital stay of the rehabilitation group was significantly shorter (by about 3 days) than the control group (15.59±3.08 days versus 18.45±3.63 days,P＜0.01).Conclusions In-hospital cardiac rehabilitation can significantly improve exercise capacity after cardiac surgery and reduce the length of hospital stays.The 2-minute step test is a simple and practical way to assess the exercise capacity of patients early after cardiac surgery.

Effects of exercises on the lipid metabolism and expression of PPAR-α mRNA in skeletal muscles of ApoE knockout mice / 中华物理医学与康复杂志

Objective To observe the influence of exercises on the mRNA expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR-α) and its target genes of acyl-CoA oxidase (ACO),Enoyl-CoA-hydratase and 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA-dehydrogenase (EHHADH) in the skeletal muscles in insulin-resistance mice to develop a way to improve the lipid metabolism.Methods Twenty male ApoE knockout mice were randomly divided into two groups,the high-fat diet group (group HFD) and the exercise training group (group Ex).The HFD group were fed with highfat diet,while the Ex group were fed in the same way,with additionally swimming training.And ten healthy male C57BL/6j mice were chosen as the control group(group ND).After 12 weeks of intervention,the serum lipid,blood glucose and insulin levels were determined,and homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance index (Homa-IRI) was calculated.The bilateral gastrocnemiuses were cut to be observed under a transmission electron microscope,and the mRNA expression of PPAR-α,ACO and EHHADH in skeletal muscle were measured using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).Results The transmission electron microscope showed that the sarcolemma edema,mitochondrial swelling,as well as focal myocytolysis and edema within myofibrils were observed in the HFD group.The total cholesterol,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,free fatty acid,fasting glucose,insulin and HomaIRI of the HFD group were significantly higher than the control group (P ＜ 0.05),while the mRNA expression of PPAR-α,ACO and EHHADH was significantly deceased than the latter(P ＜ 0.05).After swimming,the abovementioned pathological changes disappeared.The serum lipid of the Ex group were significantly lower (P ＜ 0.05),while HDL was significantly higher (P ＜ 0.05).And fasting insulin,glucose and HOMA-IR of the Ex group were significantly lower (P ＜ 0.05),while the mRNA expression of the above in the Ex group were significantly increased (P ＜0.05).Conclusion Swimming training could improve insulin resistance and metabolic disorder of lipid of ApoE knockout mice.The possible mechanisms may be through up-regulating the expression of PPAR-α,which in turn stimulates the expression of ACO and EHHADH mRNA to strengthen fatty acid β-oxidation.

Studies on the effect and mechanism of aerobic exercise on patients with metabolic syndrome / 中国医师杂志

ObjectiveTo explore the effect of aerobic exercise on serum leptin,interleukin-18 (IL-18),soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1),C reaction protein (CRP) concentration,and homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) of patients with metabolic syndrome ( MS),and to explore its mechanism.MethodsForty sedentary patients with MS were randomly divided into exercise group and fenofibrate group.Patients in exercise group were trained at anaerobic threshold intensity (30 min/times) for 12 weeks (5 times/wk).Patients in fenofibrate group were treated with fenofibrate 200 mg every night.Serum leptin,IL-18,CRP,and sICAM-1 concentration were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Twenty healthy subjects were selected as the control group.ResultsSerum concentration of leptin [ ( 26.04 ± 9.07 ) ng/ml vs ( 8.32 ± 2.94 ) ng/ml,t =12.72,P ＜0.01 ],IL-18[ (308.27 ±50.39)pg/ml vs (230.60 ±29.15)pg/ml,t =6.41,P ＜0.01 ],CRP[ (2.65±0.57)ng/ml vs ( 1.26 ±0.23) ng/ml,t =9.69,P ＜0.01 ],sICAM-1 [ (331.89 ±60.08) ng/ml vs (246.43±39.32)ng/ml,t =5.98,P ＜0.01],and HOMA-IR(4.38 ±2.06 vs 2.12 ± 0.50,t =4.81,P ＜ 0.01 ) of patients with MS were significantly increased compared to the control.Serum concentration of leptin[(26.38±10.85)ng/ml vs (19.63 ±6.27)ng/ml,t =2.22,P ＜0.05],IL-18[(309.40 ±49.77)pg/ml vs (291.80 ±39.21)pg/ml,t =2.33,P ＜0.05],CRP[ (2.73 ±0.72)ng/ml vs (2.28 ±0.38)ng/ml,t =3.41,P ＜0.01 ],sICAM-1 [ (333.85 ±55.97) ng/ml vs (306.24 ±50.55) ng/ml,t =3.16,P ＜0.01],and HOMA-IR(4.53 ±2.39 vs 2.89 ±0.69,t =2.87,P ＜0.01 ) were significantly decreased after training for 12 weeks.ConclusionsAerobic exercise is one of the effective treatments of patients with MS.Its underlying mechanism may be associated with reduction of serum inflammatory adipokine concentration,and improvement of vascular endothelial function and insulin resistance.

Influence of exercise on expressions of PPAR-γ and Glut-4 in mice with insulin resistance / 心血管康复医学杂志

Objective: To observe influence of exercise on expressions of peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) and glucose transporter-4 (Glut-4) in skeletal muscle tissue of mice with insulin resistance (IR) induced by high fat diet, and preliminarily investigate mechanism of swimming training improves IR. Methods: A total of 30 eight-week-old healthy male C57BL /6J mice were randomly divided into normal diet group (n=10), high fat diet group (n=10) and high fat diet + exercise group (HE group, n=10, mice received 12-week swimming training). Body weight and fasting blood glucose (FBG) of mice were measured every week. After 12-week swimming training, fasting insulin (FINS) was measured by radioimmunoassay and IR index (IRI) was calculated; expressions of PPAR-γ and Glut-4 mRNA in skeletal muscle tissue were detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results: Compared with normal diet group, body weight significantly increased in high fat diet group; body weight of HE group was significantly lower than that of high fat diet group (P<0.05). Compared with normal diet group, there were significant increase in FINS, FBG and IRI in high fat diet group and HE group (P<0.01). Compared with high fat diet group, there were significant decrease in FINS [(14.00±7.12) mmol/L vs. (10.17±3.88) mmol/L], FBG [(9.49±1.28) mmol/L vs. (8.03±1.67) mmol/L] and IRI [(1.47±0.38) vs. (1.06±0.27), P<0.05 all], and significant increase in expressions of PPAR-γ [(0.95±0.17) vs. (2.37±0.41)] and Glut-4 mRNA [(0.68±0.24) vs. (1.54±0.28), P<0.01 both] in HE group. Conclusions: Exercise may significantly improve insulin resistance, and the mechanism may be related with upregulation of expressions of PPAR-γ and Glut-4 mRNA in skeletal muscle, regulation of glucose metabolism and promotion of transduction of insulin signal.

Effect of exercise training on tumor necrosis factor-alpha and adiponectin expressions in insulin resistance rats / 中国医师杂志

Objective To investigate the effects of exercise training intervention on the expressions of TNF-α and adiponectin in circulation and tissues of high-fat/high-sucrose diet-induced insulin resistance rats. Methods 29 S-D rats were random divided into 2 groups: Control group (9 rats) and high-fat/high-sucrose diet group (20 rats). After fed for 6 weeks, 18 rats with insulin resistance were random divided into 2 groups: model group ( n = 9) and exercise group ( n = 9). After 6 weeks intervention, serum TNF-α and adiponectin concentration were measured by radioimmunity assay and ELISA respectively, while TNF-α and adiponectin mRNA expressions in liver and skeletal muscle were measured by RT-PCR. Results Fasting plasma glucose(FPG) and fasting serum insulin(FINS) levels increased significantly and insulin sensitivity index(ISI) decreased significantly in rats of model group than those in control group(7.49 ± 1.13 vs 5.06±0.38, 33.57 ±4.87 vs 13.61±2.94, -5.51±0.16 vs -4.21 ±0.22, all P <0.05). Serum TNF-α concentration was significantly higher than those in control group, while serum adiponectin concentration was significantly lower. (3.03 ± 0. 50 vs 2. 39 ± 0. 44, 0. 77 ± 0. 09 vs 0. 86 ± 0. 08, all P < 0. 05 ).Expressions of TNF-α mRNA in liver and skeletal muscle increased significantly and adiponectin mRNA expression significantly decreased in rats of model group compared to those in control group (0. 66 ± 0. 19 vs 0. 05 ± 0. 03, 1.15 ± 0. 20 vs 0. 25 ± 0. 10, 0. 25 ± 0. 10 vs 0. 85 ± 0. 13, all P < 0. 01 ). Fasting plasma glucose(FPG) and fasting serum insulin(FINS) levels decreased significantly and insulin sensitivity index (ISI) increased significantly in rats of exercise group than those in model group(5.77 ± 1.17 vs 7.49 ±1.13, 25.69 ±4.27 vs 33.57 ±4. 87, -5. 10 ±0.31 vs -5.51 ±0. 16, all P <0.05) ;Serum TNF-α concentration was significantly lower and serum adiponectin concentration was significantly higher in rats of exercise group than those in model group ( 2.40 ± 0. 59 vs 3.03 ± 0. 50, 0. 86 ± 0. 10 vs 0. 77 ± 0. 09, all P < 0. 05); Expressions of TNF-α mRNA in liver and skeletal muscle decreased significantly and adiponectin mRNA expression increased significantly in rats of exercise group compared to those in model group (0. 21±0. 10 vs 0.66±0. 19, 0.49 ±0. 17 vs 1.15 ±0.20, 0.97 ±0.20 vs 0. 25 ±0. 10, all P <0.01). Conclusion Exercise training can significantly improve insulin resistance, which may be through modulating the expressions of TNF-α and adiponectin.

Expression of TGF β1 in the Left Ventricular Tissue and its Relations to Left Ventricular Hypertrophy and Myocardial Interstitial Fibrosis in Renovasc ular Hypertensive Rats / 中华高血压杂志

Objective To investigate the roles of T GFβ1 and TGFβ1 typeⅠrecepter(TβRⅠ) in development of myocardial hypert rophy and myo cardial interstitium remodelling in renovascular hypertensive rat. 　Methods TGFβ1 and TβRⅠwere evaluated by qualitative and semi -qu antitative immunohistochemical staining to explore their distribution and ex peression in left ventricular tissue. Van Gieson staining were used in the stud y of total collagen in left ventricular interstitial tissue. 　Results Compared with sham-operated rat(SOR),the expression of T GFβ1 andTβRⅠ in left ventricular tissue were significantly increased in RHR(P <0.01 all). In RHR the antibody to TGFβ1 reacted primarily with cytoplasma a nd myo cardial interstitium while antibody to TβRⅠreacted mainly with myocyte membran es with weak labeling in myocardial interstitium. In SOR,very mild labeling for TGFβ1 and TβRⅠin myocardiun was found with no labeli ng in myocardial interstitium. Correlative analysis revealed that TGFβ1 or T βRⅠ was positively correlated with left ventricular mass index(LVMI),negativel y correlated with grey level of myocardial total collagen. Conclusions TGFβ1 and TβRⅠmay play important roles in develo pment of left ventricular hypertrophy and myocardial interstitial fibrosis.

The Relationship of the Mood and Behavior Types in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease / 中国临床心理学杂志

Objective: To study the relationship of the mood and behavior types in patients with coronary heart disease, to supply the foundation of psychotherapy in patients with coronary heart disease. Methods: 81 patients with coronary heart disease and 59 normal healthy people were evaluated by Type A Behavior Scale, Hospital anxiety and depression scales. To analyse the relationship between the behavior type and mood disorder. Results: The rates of Type A behavior and anxious mood disorder were significantly higher in the study group than the contrast group (P

Influence of serum contained Tongmai herbal medicine on intracellular calcium concentration and L- type calcium channel in anoxic myocardial cells / 中国病理生理杂志

AIM: To observe the influence of serum contained Tongmai herbal medicine on calcium overload of the anoxic myocardial cells. METHODS: Serum contained Tongmai herbal medicine was prepared with the serum pharmacological method and the model of anoxic myocardial cells was established. The intracellular free calcium concentration and the expression of the L-type calcium channel were determined with Fura-2/AM and RT-PCR, respectively. RESULTS: The serum contained Tongmai herbal medicine and levo-anlodipine decreased the intracellular free calcium concentration in the anoxic myocardial cells. The serum contained Tongmai herbal medicine also suppressed the expression of L-type calcium channel in the anoxic myocardial cells, but levo-anlodipine had no effect on the expression of L-type calcium channel. CONCLUSION: Tongmai herbal medicine can attenuate calcium overload in anoxic myocardial cells.