Sonographic Measurement of the Fetal Cerebellar Vermis

PURPOSE: To obtain a reference value for fetal vermian size measured with sonography. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective study of normal singleton pregnancies was performed. The fetal vermian width and anterior-posterior (AP) diameter were measured with axial image by transabdominal sonography between 18 and 37 weeks of gestation in 264 singleton fetuses. Linear regressions of the vermian width and AP diameter as a function of gestational age (GA), biparietal diameter (BPD), head circumference (HC) and transcerebellar diameter (TCD) were calculated. RESULTS: Adequate vermis measurements were obtained in 264 fetuses. Vermian width was correlated well with GA (r2 = 0.851), BPD (r2 = 0.824), HC (r2 = 0.844) and TCD (r2 = 0.859). AP diameter was also correlated with GA (r2 = 0.826), BPD (r2 = 0.843), HC (r2 = 0.814) and TCD (r2 = 0.836). All the correlation coefficients were highly statistically significant (p < 0.001). Nomograms of the vermian width and AP diameter according to the gestational age were obtained. CONCLUSION: Measured fetal vermian size was correlated well with GA which confirmed the usefulness of the rermian size as a reference value for the assessment of vermian development.

Role of Doppler flow imaging in the diagnosis of ovarian cancer / 대한산부인과학회잡지

OBJECTIVE: The aim was to assess the value of resistance index(RI) and pulsatility index(PI) to differentiate between benign and malignant ovarian tumors by color and pulsed Doppler ultrasound. METHODS: 129 ovarian tumors identified with ultrasound were referred for color and pulsed Doppler ultrasound evaluation to calculate the lowest RI and PI, and the corresponding histopathologic diagnosis was recorded. RESULTS: The intratumor artery waveforms were obtained in 37.1%(36 of 97) of benign tumors and in 91.0%(29 of 32) of the malignant group. RI and PI were lower in malignant tumors than in benign tumors(p<0.01). Also, there was a significant incremental decrease in both indices value from the benign tumor toward borderline malignancy(p<0.05) and to invasive ovarian cancer(p<0.01). But, there was no significant difference in both indices value according to the FIGO stage of ovarian malignancy. For RI cut-off value of 0.6, sensitivity and specificity were 89.7% and 91.7%; for PI cut-off value of 1.1, 86.2% and 91.7%. Therefore, the most accurate cut-off values of RI and PI were 0.6 and 1.1, respectively. CONCLUSION: RI and PI calculated by color and pulsed Doppler ultrasound can help in the diagnosis and selection of treatment plan of ovarian tumors, especially when the morphological finding of ovarian tumor is equivocal. And during the follow up of benign tumors, both indicies can give us the clue of malignant potential of benign tumors.