Microbiology of chronic maxillary sinusitis

Objective: to know the incidence of microorganisms present in culture of maxillary sinus secretion in patients of chronic maxillary sinusitis

Methods: we selected 86 patients diagnosed with chronic maxillary sinusitis for our cross sectional study. Ages of patients were ranging from 20y to 55y.Mean age was 34 years. All patients with diagnosis of chronic maxillary sinusitis were included in this study. In all 86 patients proof puncture done through Lichwitz trocar and cannula and sinus secretion was collected for culture

Results: in our study we collected sinus aspiration from 86 patients. We found 78 [90.7 %] patients were positive for bacterial infection and 8 [9.3%] patients were negative of any bacterial infection. In our study 38 [44%] patients were suffering from aerobic infection while 20 [23.25 %] were suffering from anaerobic infection. 20 [20.25%] patients were suffering from mixed bacterial infection. Among aerobes, staphylococcus aureus was the most common bacteria isolated from sinus secretion of 9 [10.4 %] patients. Almostone quarter patients were suffering from anaerobic bacterial infection. Twenty patients [23.25 %] were suffering from both aerobic and anaerobic infections

Conclusions: chronic maxillary sinusitis is polymicrobial pathology. Various aerobes and anaerobes and mixed organisms are involved in its pathophysiology

Incidence of ossicles erosion in middle ear cholesteatoma

Objective: to assess the incidence of ossicles erosion in chronic suppurative otitis media with middle ear cholesteatoma

Material and Methods: 100 patients were admitted via outpatient and emergency at the Department of ENT Unit II , Mayo Hospital, Lahore. Patients were selected after fulfilling the inclusion criteria. All the patients having a clinical diagnosis of chronic suppurative otitis media underwent aural microscopic examination. After taking the informed consent surgery was performed .During surgery the operative findings were noted in order to observe the ossicular erosion after middle ear cholesteatoma in chronic suppurative otitis media. All the data was analyzed by SPSS version 18

Results: the study included 100 patients having a clinical diagnosis of chronic suppurative otitis medial with cholesteatoma Out of these 100 patients 62 [62%] were males and 38 [38%] were females. The Mean age was 25+/-9 years. Radical mastoidectomy was performed in 90 patients [90%]. Modified radical mastoidectomy was done in 10 patients. [10%]. Ossicles erosion was observed in 80 patients [80%] and 20 patients [20%] had no erosion of ossicles

Conclusion: cholesteatoma is a commonest finding in chronic suppurative otitis media [Atico Antral Type]. A large number of patients show ossicle erosion especially the incus which leads to conductive deafness. The intracranial and extra cranial complications of cholesteatoma can be prevented by early diagnosis and surgery. The aim of surgery is to eradicate the disease and provide safe and dry ear

Household teaspoon and oral liquid medication: the present scenario

To determine the parental dosing errors in administering oral liquid medication to pediatric population. Cross sectional study. Department of Pediatric Surgery Civil Hospital and Pediatric Medicine Lyari General Hospital Karachi, from February 2009 to September 2009. Parents of children admitted were enrolled in the study. They were asked to measure one teaspoonful [5 ml] of paracetamol syrup from the tray containing household spoons of different sizes. The amount filled by the parents was measured by 5 ml syringe. Accurate dose was defined as 5.0 ml while an acceptable dose was 5.0 +/- 0.5 ml [4.5 ml - 5.5 ml] according to National Formulary and USP Standards of a + or - of 10% of error dosage range for oral devices. A total of 530 parents participated in the study. The age of the participants ranged from 16 year to 55 year [mean= 28.93 +/- 6.6 year]. Only 118 [22.3%] participants measured accurate dose while 164 [30.9%] measured the acceptable dose and 366 [69.1%] participants measured inaccurate dose. Accuracy in measuring household teaspoon quantity was not associated wirh parents' age [p >.05], education [p >.05], cooking experience [p >.05] and previous drug administering experience [p>.05]. Household teaspoons were unreliable when measuring and administering liquid medication to pediatric population. Oral syringe is recommended as the best device for both measuring and delivering liquid medication