Résumé
ABSTRACT Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) is one of the cognitive profiles of aging. OBJECTIVE: In this study, Memory Specificity Training (MEST) was used as cognitive training in patients with amnestic MCI to understand the effectiveness of the intervention on memory dimensions. METHODS: Twenty patients that met the criteria for amnestic MCI were selected and randomly assigned to experimental (n=10) or control (n=10) groups. The experimental group received five sessions of training on memory specificity while the participants in the control group took part in two general placebo sessions. Participants were assessed before, immediately after, and three months after, the treatment using the Autobiographical Memory Test, the Prospective and Retrospective Memory Questionnaire, the Wechsler Memory Scale, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Analysis of variance was used to analyze the data. RESULTS: Results from both post-test and follow-up treatment indicated that MEST improves working and prospective memory (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: These findings support the effectiveness of MEST for MCI patients as a viable cognitive intervention. Also, the findings have implications for the role of brain plasticity in the effectiveness of this intervention.
RESUMO. Comprometimento cognitivo leve amnéstico (CCLA) é um dos perfis cognitivos do envelhecimento. OBJETIVO: Memory Specificity Training (MEST) foi usado como treino cognitivo em pacientes com CCLA para compreensão da efetividade da intervenção em dimensões da memória. MÉTODOS: Vinte pacientes que preencheram critérios para CCLA foram selecionados e randomizados para os grupos experimental (n=10) ou controle (n=10). O grupo experimental recebeu cinco sessões de treinamento em especificidade de memória enquanto que os pacientes do grupo controle participaram em duas sessões placebo. Os participantes foram avaliados antes e imediatamente após o tratamento e, três meses depois, usando o teste de memória autobiográfica, questionário de memória prospectiva e retrospectiva, escala de memória de Weschler e a escala hospitalar de depressão e ansiedade. A análise de variância foi usada para analisar os dados. RESULTADOS: Ambos os resultados, no pós-teste e no acompanhamento indicaram que o MEST melhora memória prospectiva e de trabalho (p<0.05). CONCLUSÃO: Estes achados suportam a efetividade do MEST para pacientes com CCL, como uma intervenção viável. Também, os achados têm implicações para o papel da plasticidade na efetividade desta intervenção.
Sujets)
Humains , Dépression , Dysfonctionnement cognitif , Apprentissage , MémoireRésumé
Objective: The youths' sexual behaviors are counted as the main priorities of the public health due to the high prevalence of unwanted pregnancies, illegal abortions, and sexually transmitted infections. This research was carried out to explain the youths' contraceptive knowledge and practice in premarital sexual relationships. Methods: This qualitative research was carried out on 30 single boys and girls aged 18–24, living in Isfahan, Iran, who had already started sexual activities. Data collection was done with semi-structured interviews. The data were analyzed by using conventional content analysis. Results: Two main categories were extracted including inadequate awareness regarding contraception (with subcategories “unreliable information sources” and “gender inequality in familiarity with contraceptive methods”) and inappropriate contraceptive practice (with sub-categories “use of unreliable contraceptive methods” and “gender inequality in applying contraceptive methods”). Conclusion: Sexual health education programs should equip the youths with adequate knowledge on contraception and use of reliable contraceptive methods. Furthermore, attempts should be made along with tackling gender inequality is very significant for youths' sexual and reproductive health security.