Résumé
Benign symmetric lipomatosis (BSL) is characterized by the presentation of numerous symmetric non-tender fatty tumors in the neck, suboccipital region, proximal extremities and upper parts of the trunk, typically noted as a “pseudoathletic” appearance. The etiology of BSL remains unknown but mitochondrial mutations have been found in some patients. The mitochondrial cytopathy was suggested to be studied in all BSL patients especially those with neuropathy. We have presented a case of BSL with reverse fat distribution, which we named the “Pop-eye” appearance in which the fatty tumor was distributed at both the distal part of the upper extremities and the proximal part of the lower extremities. A study of the mitochondrial tRNA lysine gene did not reveal mutation at position 8344.
Résumé
The purpose of this study is to assess patterns of velopharyngeal closure in normal Thai subject. Ten volunteers with normal speech and no history of cranio-maxillo-facial abnormality, injury or surgery were included in this study. Their velopharyngeal closures were reviewed b y nasopharyngoscopy. Their articulation and resonation characteristics were also evaluated. The patterns of closure and related anatomy were studied. The results showed that all subjects achieved complete closure without a gap or nasal emission. Three patterns of velopharyngeal closure were found. A circular pattern was found in the majority of the subjects. More specifically, 6 subjects demonstrated circular closure patterns and 1 had a circular closure pattern with the Passavant’s ridge. The coronal pattern was found in the last 3 subjects. There was no correlation between patterns of closure and demographic data related to anatomy and resonation characteristics. In conclusion, 3 patterns of velopharyngeal closure were found and the circular type was the common. Further study was recommended with a larger group for gathering a database of Thai people.