Résumé
Objective:To understand the current situation of research in the field of sepsis caused by Gram positive bacteria (G + bacteria) in China, to clarify the research content and analyze its general research direction, so as to find the hot topics of research in recent years. Methods:The literatures in SinoMed related to sepsis caused by G + bacteria and published in Chinese from building database to October 2019 were screened. The distribution and trend of the published year, journals, research institutions and researchers of relevant literature were analyzed, and Ucinet 6.0 software was used to draw the social network graph of the researchers and to analyze their internal relations. The subject words of related literatures were extracted. The relationship among the subject words in related literatures was arranged according to the centrality by NetDraw in Ucinet 6.0 software, the bibliographic information co-occurrence analysis system software (BICOMS2 software) was used to classify the subject words and the visualization matrix was generated. The graph clustering tool software (gCLUTO software) was used to cluster the subject words, and the visualization surface graph was generated to analyze the current research hot spot, research trend and research direction of G + bacteria-induced sepsis. Results:A total of 1 976 literatures about sepsis caused by G + bacteria were retrieved, and 26 literatures in conference summaries, news reports, research information, missing content, or inconsistent with the theme were excluded. Finally, a total of 1 950 literatures were enrolled in final analysis. The number of published literatures analysis showed that from 1979 to 1992, there were few studies about sepsis caused by G + bacteria, which increased geometrically from 2008, and the number of literatures published from 2008 to 2018 was 1 144, accounting for 58.67% (1 144/1 950). From 1979 to 2019, 23 high-yield institutions published more than 5 literatures, of which 6 were institutions with 10 or more literatures, and only one institution with more than 20 literatures. There were only 5 journals with more than 100 articles, 5 381 authors involved in the literatures, but few authors with more than 10 literatures published, and no inter-provincial or inter-municipal cooperation was found. A social network analysis of 103 high-frequency subject words that appeared more than 5 times showed that the study of sepsis caused by G + bacteria mainly focused on "sepsis", including the incidence of sepsis caused by drug resistant Staphylococcus aureus was on the rise, especially in newborns and children with weakened immune systems, the selection of therapeutic drugs gradually developed to glycopeptides with strong anti-drug resistance and synthetic oxazolidinones. The research and development of drugs for the treatment of sepsis caused by G + bacteria might become a new research direction or field in the future. Cluster analysis of 103 high-frequency subject words showed that the research hot spots of G + bacteria-induced sepsis mainly focused on five topics, namely early diagnosis of sepsis; bacterial infection pathway of sepsis, nosocomial infection and bacterial drug resistance; the basis of epidemiological prevention and treatment of sepsis; venous catheter infection-related sepsis; the treatment, nursing and prognosis of patients with sepsis. Conclusion:The studies of sepsis caused by G + bacteria are winning more and more attention, but the resources sharing and academic exchanges among hospitals need to be further improved.
Résumé
Objective To survey the distribution pattern and subject domain knowledge of the literatures about ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). Methods Literatures about VAP published until December 2017 were identified in SinoMed database for statistics and analysis. The information of author, organization and province was extracted by BICOMS software for generating co-occurrence matrix, at the same time, the topic words were cluster analyzed by Gcluto software to generate topical visual surface maps and visualization matrices, and the current research hotspots were analyzed. NetDraw from Ucinet 6.0 software was used to arrange the relationship among topic words according to the centrality, and the social network diagrams of authors, authors' provinces and institutions were draw to analyze the current status of VAP research cooperation. Results 4 851 VAP-related literatures were retrieved preliminarily, and 43 were excluded from abstracts, news reports, information and missing literatures. Finally, a total of 4 808 articles were enrolled in the visual analysis. From 2001 to 2004, the number of VAP-related literatures published was less than 10. Since 2009, the number of VAP documents had increased steadily, from 2010 to 2017, the peak period of publications reached 91.7% (4 411/4 808). According to the analysis of the amount of publications, the top three of 34 provincial administrative regions that published VAP-related literature in China were Guangdong Province (n = 628), Jiangsu Province (n = 478) and Zhejiang Province (n = 404), the number of hospitals issued by the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University was the largest (n = 20); there was only one journal with more than 100 articles, and there were 154 journals with only one article, accounting for 34.8% of the total number of journals. A total of 9 921 authors participated in the VAP-related literature writing, the number of high-yielding authors was not large, and the institution could not establish an effective social network diagram, suggesting that communication and cooperation should be strengthened in hospitals and outside hospitals. The results of the topic words social network analysis showed that the VAP research field was centered around the core of "mechanical ventilation", "intensive care unit (ICU)", "risk factor analysis", "nursing", "etiological analysis", "preventive measures" and "pathogens". The current research hotspots were at the edge of the network map, such as "drug sensitivity analysis", "Acinetobacter baumannii", "bronohoalveolar lavage (BAL)" and "acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD)". By clustering 80 high-frequency topic words, at present, VAP research hotspots were mainly focus on five topics: obstructive pulmonary disease, especially in acute exacerbation, was prone to VAP; concerned about newborns and children's VAP; types, drug resistance and selection of antimicrobial agents for VAP pathogens in ICU; clinical efficacy and prognosis of VAP through preventive measures, pulmonary supportive care and comprehensive care interventions; oral care and airway management during mechanical ventilation was also the key aspect of the treatment of VAP. Conclusions In recent years, the academics had attached great importance to the study of VAP, the number of publications had reached a historical peak, and the research direction was diverse. However, it was necessary to strengthen cooperation among research institutes, collect and count epidemiological data, improve and expand the research quality and scale of clinical diagnosis, nurse, prevention, pathogen distribution and drug resistance analysis.