Progress in five coronaviruses with cross-species transmission potential / 中华微生物学和免疫学杂志

Coronaviruses (CoVs) are a group of common viruses that can infect humans and pose a great threat to global public health. Mounting evidence has shown that seven zoonotic CoVs can infect human through cross-species transmission. These continuously occurring yet unpredictable events of CoVs repeatedly crossing species barriers have attracted special attention to CoVs and caused panic worldwide. It is generally believed that the spike (S) protein is the key factor determining the cross-species transmission and the invasion potential of CoVs. This review focused on the new-found coronaviruses with potential cross-species transmission capabilities, and summarized and analyzed the research progress in S protein-mediated viral invasion as well as the potential mechanisms, aiming to provide reference for developing effective prevention and control strategies against potential cross-species transmission of CoVs in the future.

Endovascular repair of complex aortic arch lesion with application of recanalize left subclaivian artery in intracavitary / 中华胸心血管外科杂志

Objective:To investigate the effect of different ways of reconstruction of left subclavian artery (LSA) in the treatment of complex aortic arch lesions.Methods:The clinical data of 34 patients with complex thoracic aortic disease undergoing intracavitary LSA reconstruction in our center from January 2019 to February 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. The distance of proximal healthy landing zone of all patients, including 29 aortic dissections involving LSA, 3 penetrating aortic ulcer and 2 thoracic aortic aneurysms, was less than 15 mm. Among them, 16 cases were treated with chimney technique, 16 cases were implanted with single branched stent-graft, 2 cases were received with left common carotid artery and LSA in situ fenestration.Results:The operation success rate of all 34 patients was 100%. One case was changed from in situ fenestration to chimney stenting. Followed up for 1-12 months, there were no death, cerebral ischemia, paraplegia and other postoperative complications. CTA review showed that the main and branch stents were in good shape, the patency rate of LSA branch stents was 100% and no endoleak occurred at 1 and 3 months after operation. The muscle strength and arterial blood pressure of bilateral upper limbs of all patients were basically the same.Conclusion:There is no consensus for the treatment of complex aortic arch lesions, so we need to customize the personalized plan and select the appropriate LSA reconstruction method in order to reduce the incidence of complications.

Rapamycin Combined with α-Cyanoacrylate Contributes to Inhibiting Intimal Hyperplasia in Rat Models / Rapamicina em Combinação com α-Cianoacrilato Contribui à Inibição de Hiperplasia Intimal em Modelos em Ratos

Abstract Background: Vein graft restenosis has an adverse impact on bridge vessel circulation and patient prognosis after coronary artery bypass grafting. Objectives: We used the extravascular supporter α-cyanoacrylate (α-CA), the local application rapamycin/sirolimus (RPM), and a combination of the two (α-CA-RPM) in rat models of autogenous vein graft to stimulate vein graft change. The aim of our study was to observe the effect of α-CA, RPM, and α-CA-RPM on vein hyperplasia. Methods: Fifty healthy Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were randomized into the following 5 groups: sham, control, α-CA, RPM, and α-CA-RPM. Operating procedure as subsequently described was used to build models of grafted rat jugular vein on carotid artery on one side. The level of endothelin-1 (ET-1) was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Grafted veins were observed via naked eye 4 weeks later; fresh veins were observed via microscope and image-processing software in hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and immunohistochemistry after having been fixed and stored" (i.e. First they were fixed and stored, and second they were observed); α-Smooth Muscle Actin (αSMA) and von Willebrand factor (vWF) were measured with reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Comparisons were made with single-factor analysis of variance and Fisher's least significant difference test, with p < 0.05 considered significant. Results: We found that intimal thickness of the α-CA, RPM, and α-CA-RPM groups was lower than that of the control group (p < 0.01), and the thickness of the α-CA-RPM group was notably lower than that of the α-CA and RPM groups (p < 0.05). Conclusion: RPM combined with α-CA contributes to inhibiting intimal hyperplasia in rat models and is more effective for vascular patency than individual use of either α-CA or RPM.

Resumo Fundamento: Reestenose de enxertos venosos tem um impacto adverso na circulação de pontagens e no prognóstico de pacientes após a cirurgia de revascularização miocárdica. Objetivos: Nós utilizamos α-cianoacrilato (α-CA) como suporte extravascular, rapamicina/sirolimus (RPM) como aplicação local e a combinação dos dois (α-CA-RPM) em modelos de enxerto venoso autógeno em ratos para estimular mudança no enxerto venoso. O objetivo do nosso estudo foi observar o efeito de α-CA, RPM e α-CA-RPM na hiperplasia venosa. Métodos: Cinquenta ratos Sprague Dawley (SD) saudáveis foram randomizados nos 5 grupos seguintes: sham, controle, α-CA, RPM e α-CA-RPM. O procedimento operacional descrito subsequentemente foi utilizado para construir modelos de enxertos da veia jugular na artéria carótida em ratos, em um lado. O nível de endotelina-1 (ET-1) foi determinado por ensaio de imunoabsorção enzimática (ELISA). As veias enxertadas foram observadas a olho nu 4 semanas após; as veias frescas foram observadas via microscópio e software de processamento de imagem com coloração hematoxilina-eosina (HE) e imuno-histoquímica depois de serem fixadas e armazenadas; α-actina do músculo liso (αSMA) e o fator de von Willebrand (vWF) foram medidos com reação em cadeia da polimerase-transcriptase reversa (RT-PCR). Realizaram-se as comparações com análise de variância de fator único (ANOVA) e o teste de diferença mínima significativa (LSD) de Fisher, com p < 0,05 sendo considerado estatisticamente significante. Resultados: Nós achamos que a espessura intimal nos grupos α-CA, RPM e α-CA-RPM era menor que no grupo controle (p < 0,01) e a espessura no grupo α-CA-RPM era notavelmente menor que nos grupos α-CA e RPM (p < 0,05). Conclusão: A combinação de RPM e α-CA contribui à inibição de hiperplasia em modelos em ratos e é mais efetivo para patência vascular que uso individual de α-CA ou RPM.

Detection rate of hypertension in elderly patients of Deang nationality and multilevel model of its influencing factors / 中华老年心脑血管病杂志

Objective To study the influencing factors of primary hypertension by investigating its prevalence in elderly patients of Deang nationality.Methods Nine hundred and thirty-nine elderly patients of Deang nationality were divided into hypertension group (n =353),prehypertension group (n=377) and control group (n=209).Their physical examination data were recorded and their blood pressure was measured.Results The detection rate of hypertension was significantly lower in elderly patients of Deang nationality than in those of the other nationalities in our country with their age ≥60 years (37.6％ vs 49.0％,P＜0.05).The detection rate of hypertension,isolated systolic hypertension and prehypertension increased with the increasing age (P＜0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed a cross interaction between economic level and alcohol drinking (P＜0.05) and a positive correlation of BMI,age,gender,divorce or widow,smonking,high salt diet with hypertension (P＜0.05).Conclusion The detection rate of hypertension is lower in elderly patients of Deang nationality than in those of the other nationalities in our country.Economic level,alcohol drinking,BMI,age,gender,divorce or widow,smoking,high salt and fat diet are the major risk factors for hypertension.However,regular eating of vegetables can reduce the risk of hypertension.

Application of the myocardial protection technique for the off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting(CABG) to the CABG with heart valve surgery / 安徽医科大学学报

The myocardial protection technique of off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting ( OPCABG ) has been applied to the coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) with heart valve surgery.This study is aimed at determining its clinical effect .A retrospective analysis design was adopted .39 patients were recruited .All patients ’ surgeries went smoothly but one ,whose blood pressure was in poor control after surgery and then returned to normal after as -sisted with intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation (IABP).Others had stable vital signs and circulation .Finally,all pa-tients discharged safely .Significant improvement can be seen during 3 months’ follow-up.Applying OPCABG to CABG with heart valve surgery has been proved effective in clinic .

The association between polymorphism of HLA-DRB1 allele and systemic sclerosis and renal damage in Han Chinese of Henan Province / 中华风湿病学杂志

Objective To investigate the association between polymorphism of HLA-DRB1 allele and systemic sclerosis (SSc) and scleroderma-associated renal damage in Han Chinese of Henan Province.Methods Eighty-one SSc patients and 90 normal controls were recruited in this study,among them 59 patients had renal damage (SRD).The genotyping was carried out by nest PCR-SBT and gene clone.Comparisons between groups were performed with x2 test or exact probabilities.Multivariable Logistic regression was used to evaluate the association between prevalence of SSc or SRD and the possible relevant alleles.Results Thirty-three HLA-DRB1 alleles were discovered from the specimens,including 27 in SSc specimens,and 22 in SRD.Among them,the allele frequencies of HLA-DRB1 * 040501 (8.64％), * 110101 (11.11％), * 150201(8.02％) were higher in SSc patients than those of the controls (1.67％,4.44％,2.22％ respectively).After adjusted for other factors,HLA-DRBl * 040501 (P=0.010,OR =5.839,95％CI:1.518-22.460)、* 110101(P=0.019,OR=3.060,95％CI:1.204-7.772)、* 150201(P=0.010,OR=4.780,95％CI:1.444-15.821 )were identified as independent risk factors for SSc.And the allele frequencies of HLA-DRB1*040501 (9.32％),* 150201 (7.63％) were higher in SRD patients than those of the controls (1.67％,2.22％ respectively).After adjusted for other factors,HLA-DRB1 * 040501 (P=0.008,OR=6.363,95％CI:1.614-25.087) and * 150201 (P=0.030,OR =4.043,95 ％CI:1.147-14.243 ) were identified as independent risk factors for SRD.Conclusion Our data suggest that HLA-DRB1 * 040501,* 110101,* 150201 may be susceptible genes for SSc and the HLA-DRB1 * 040501,* 150201 may be susceptible genes for SRD in Han Chinese of Henan Province.

The study on the correlation between serum mannose-binding lectin and renal injury in rheumatoid arthritis / 中华风湿病学杂志

Objective To detect the serum level of mannose binding lectin (MBL) in patients with renal injury induced by rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and to investigate the role of MBL in the pathogenesis of renal injury in RA. Methods ELISA was used to measure the serum MBL level of 19 RA patients with renal injury, 49 RA patients without renal injury and 40 healthy individuals. The clinical features and laboratory markers were compared and analyzed by chi-square test, two independent samples t-test and Spearman's correlation analysis. Results Compared with RA patients without renal injury, the number of tender and swollen joints [(15±9) vs (9±11)], duration of morning stiffness [(2.9±1.3) vs (2.3±1.6) h] and extraarticular manifestations (42.1％ vs 16.3％) in RA patients with renal injury were significantly higher (P＜0.05or P＜0.01). There was no significant difference between the two groups in RA disease duration and jointdeformity(P＞0.05). In patients with renal injury, the level of platelet count [(376±155)×109/L vs (304±121)×109/L], CIC[(4.3±3.0) vs (2.9±3.3) g/L], ESR[(79±46) vs (53±31) mm/1 h], RF[(77±42) vs (52±49)U/ml], CRP[(32±28)vs (23±18)mg/L], IgG[(11.7±2.6)vs (8.4±2.4)g/L], C3[(1.18±0.53)vs (0.94±0.21) g/L] were higher than those in RA patients without renal injury (P＜0.01 or P＜0.05); the level of Alb [(26±13) vs (30±9) g/L] was lower than that in RA patients without renal injury (P＜0.05). The level of serum MBL in the two groups of RA patients was significantly lower than that in the healthy group [(3.1±0.5)mg/L](P＜0.01), and the level of serum MBL in RA patients with renal injury [(1.7±1.2) mg/L] was higher than that in RA patients without renal injury [(1.4±1.3) mg/L](P＜0.05). The level of serum MBL in RA patients with renal injury showed a positive correlation with IgG, C3, CRP and 24 h urine protein level (r=0.6, 0.6, 0.47, 0.57; P＜0.05). Conclusion Renal injury in RA patients is immune complex dependent. The serum level of MBL is higher in patients with renal injury, therefore, high-concentration MBL may be one of a potential causes of renal injury in RA patients.

Relation between circumferential wall stress and midwall shortening for assessing myocardial contractility in essential hypertention of different remoldings / 中华超声影像学杂志

Objective To assess myocardial contractility in essential hypertention(EH) of different remoldings by means of circumferential midwall fractional shortening (mFs), relation between mFs and circumferential end-systolic stress(mFs-cEss). Methods The eject fraction(EF), circumferential end-systolic stress(cEss), fractional shortening(Fs), mFs was calculated in 115 EH patients and 29 normal controls. Relations in mFs-cEss, Fs-cEss between the subjects were analysed with linear correlation and linear regression. Results In using EF,Fs,Fs-cEss to assess chamber function of the patients with hypertension of four left ventricular remoldings, it shows apart from eccentric hypertrophy, the rest three remoldings were overestimative. MFs assessing myocardial contractility in four remoldings was lower than that of the controls, especially obvious in concentric hypertrophy patients(P

Effect of Aprotinin on CD_(11b) Expression of Neutrophilic Granulocytes in Cardiopulmonary Bypass / 中国医师杂志

Objective To explore the inhibitory effect of aprotinin on general inflammatory reaction in cardiopulmonary bypass(CPB),Methods 16 patients with cardiac valves substitution were equal divided at random two groups;control group and aprotinin group.Before the CPB operation,40min during CPB period,30min,4h after CPB termination,the integrin CD 11b expression of neutrophilic granulocytes in heparinization arterial blood was determined by using flow cytometer.Results 30min,4h after CPB operation termination,the CD 11b expression in control group obviously higher than those of preopreration(P

A study of the relationship between coronary artery score and pulse pressure index / 中国介入心脏病学杂志

Objective To evaluate the relationship between the Coronary Artery Score (CAS) and pulse pressure index (PPI). Methods Coronary angiography was performed in 711 patients, of whom 470 were male and 241 female, and whose age ranged from 30-82 (61.28?8.44) years. Brachial systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), pulse pressure (pp) and PPI were measured. The severity of coronary artery lesions was analyzed by quantitive computer analysis system (QCA) to acquire CAS. Results Age, sex, BMI, SBP, PP, PPI, Ao, the history of essential hypertention, the history of type 2 diabetes, HDL-C were significantly related to CAS. In a Logistic multivariate analysis, PPI and Ao were significantly related to CAS (?=0.041～0.149, P=0.000). Conclusion PPI and Ao are closely related to CAS. They are predictors for patients with coronary artery disease and the results can be used in clinical indication.