Network meta-analysis of triple therapy for the prevention and treatment of acute nausea and vomiting caused by emetogenic chemotherapy drugs with moderate and high risk / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy of the triple therapy of 5-HT3 receptor antagonists， neurokinin-1 receptor antagonists and dexamethasone （referred to as “triple therapy”） in the prevention and treatment of acute nausea and vomiting caused by moderately and highly emetogenic chemotherapy drugs. METHODS Retrieved from PubMed， Embase， the Cochrane Library， CNKI and Wanfang data， randomized controlled trials （RCTs） about triple therapy or 5-HT3 receptor antagonist combined with dexamethasone （referred to as “dual therapy”） were collected during the inception to May 2023. After literature screening， data extraction and literature evaluation， network meta-analysis was performed by using Stata 16.0 software. RESULTS A total of 59 RCTs were included， involving 23 418 patients and 15 interventions. Results of network meta-analysis showed that fosaprepitant + palonosetron + dexamethasone （FPD） was most effective in terms of acute nausea and vomiting control rate， followed by fosaprepitant + granisetron + dexamethasone （FGD） and aprepitant + ramosetron + dexamethasone （AMD）. In terms of acute nausea control rate， FPD was the most effective， followed by aprepitant + palonosetron + dexamethasone （APD） and FGD. In terms of acute vomiting control rate， FPD was the most effective， followed by FGD and APD. CONCLUSIONS Fosaprepitant + palonosetron + dexamethasone is better than other triple therapy or dual therapy in preventing acute nausea and vomiting caused by moderately and highly emetogenic chemotherapy drugs.

Exploration on the Cultivation Path of Medical Students’ Professional Spirit in the Post-epidemic Era / 中国医学伦理学

In the fight against COVID-19, under the guidance of medical professionalism, the majority of medical workers adhered to the scientific spirit of rigorous truth-seeking and innovation, and the humanitarian feelings of boundless love and dedication, and made outstanding contributions to prevention and control. However, the epidemic situation fluctuates repeatedly, the virus mutates frequently, and the risk of major public health emergencies has caused deep thinking on the cultivation of medical students’ professionalism. Medical students are the reserve force for the sustainable development of China’s medical and health undertakings. The times and society endow medical students with a more lofty and arduous historical mission, and also call for strengthening the cultivation of medical students’ professional spirit. Under the background of normalization of epidemic prevention and control, responding to the demands of the times, providing high-quality medical talents for the society, promoting building the doctor-patient desting community, and promoting the reality of the healthy China strategy, efforts to explore the path of cultivating medical students’ professionalism with "three combinations, two considerations and one emphasis".

Research progress of traditional Chinese medicine monomer and compound intervention on the Wnt signaling pathway in regulating bone metabolism / 中国药房

Bone metabolism refers to the decomposition and anabolism occurring during bone remodeling， and its balance is regulated by bone resorption and bone formation. A slight deviation of this balance causes various skeletal diseases， such as osteoporosis and renal osteodystrophy. Traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） monomers and compounds have certain advantages in treating bone metabolism diseases. The Wnt signaling pathway includes the canonical Wnt signaling pathway， dependent on β-catenin， and the non-canonical Wnt signaling pathway， independent of β-catenin. Both types of pathways can maintain bone metabolism balance by regulating bone formation and bone resorption and are essential for bone development， bone mass maintenance， and bone remodeling. A variety of TCM monomers （albiflorin， catalpol and icariin） and formulas （Zuogui pill， Yishen gugu prescription， Duzhong jiangu prescription， etc.） have been confirmed to promote differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells， proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts， bone injury repair， and osteoporosis improvement by activating the Wnt signaling pathway in recent years. Here， this article summarizes the research progress in the Wnt signaling pathway regulation of bone metabolism by TCM monomers and compounds to provide ideas for the clinical application of TCM and the research and development of new drugs for the prevention and treatment of bone metabolism diseases.

Meta-analysis about ADRB1 Arg389Gly polymorphism on the efficacy of bisoprolol / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE To explore the effects of ADRB1 Arg389Gly polymorphisms on the efficacy of bisoprolol， thus providing some information for individualized drug therapy. METHODS A systematic search was conducted in PubMed， Embase， Cochrane Library， CBM， CNKI， and Wanfang Data to retrieve and find out all relevant literature about bisoprolol and ADRB1 Arg389Gly polymorphism from the inception to May 2023. The retrieved literature was screened and selected according to the inclusive and exclusive criteria， thereafter quality assessment was conducted. RevMan 5.4 software was utilized to perform the meta- analysis for the outcome index. RESULTS Overall 7 literature with 1 339 cases were included. Among them， 4 studies provided the changes in systolic blood pressure （SBP）， diastolic blood pressure （DBP） （ΔSBP and ΔDBP）； 4 involving the change （ΔLVEF） of left ventricular ejection fraction （LVEF）. Results of the study showed that there was no statistical significance in the improvement of blood pressure between wild-type group （AA） and mutation group （AG+GG） of ADRB1 Arg389Gly treated with bisoprolol {ΔSBP [SMD＝0.17，95%CI （－0.97，1.31）， P＝0.77]， ΔDBP [SMD＝－0.01，95%CI （－0.65，0.62）， P＝0.97]}； there was no statistical significance in the improvement of ΔLVEF [SMD＝－0.61， 95%CI （－2.74，1.53）， P＝0.58] between 2 groups. CONCLUSIONS ADRB1 Arg389Gly gene polymorphism has no significant influence on the improvement of SBP， DBP， and LVEF in cardiovascular patients who use bisoprolol.

Pharmacokinetics of Recombinant Human Coagulation Factor Ⅷ Preparations in Patients with Severe Hemophilia A / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To calculate the pharmacokinetic parameters of recombinant human coagulation factor Ⅷ using myPKFiT in patients with severe hemophilia A, and provide an individualized treatment plan for patients.@*METHODS@#A total of 42 patients with severe hemophilia A who were treated with recombinant human coagulation factor Ⅷ were included from January 2021 to December 2021. myPKFiT was used to calculate the pharmacokinetic parameters of FⅧ, and the individualized treatment plan for hemophilia A patients was formulated.@*RESULTS@#The median age of 42 patients with severe hemophilia A was 31（16-50） years old, the average weight was 54.0±9.9 kg, the half-life of FⅧ was 12.05±1.6 h, the time to more than 1% of the baseline was 62.3±15.3 h, and the 0 bleeding rate after the guidance of myPKFiT was significantly increased from 39% to 49%, the Annual bleeding rate was reduced from 3.6±2.5 to 2.1±2.0, and the Annual joint bleeding rate was reduced from 3.2±2.2 to 1.9±0.9, all of which were statistically different (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Individualized therapy in patients with severe hemophilia A who were guided by myPKFiT assay of pharmacokinetics parameters can significantly reduce the annual bleeding rate and annual joint bleeding rate of patients.

Comparison of Plerixafor or Cyclophosphamide Combined with G-CSF in Mobilization of Peripheral Blood Stem Cells in Multiple Myeloma / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To compare the efficacy of plerixafor (PXF) combined with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) (PXF+G-CSF) and cyclophosphamide (Cy) combined with G-CSF (Cy+G-CSF) in the mobilization of peripheral blood stem cells (PBSCs) in patients with multiple myeloma (MM).@*METHODS@#The clinical data of 41 MM patients who underwent PBSC mobilization using PXF+G-CSF (18 cases) or Cy+G-CSF (23 cases) in Shanxi Bethune Hospital from January 2019 to December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed, including the count of collected CD34+ cells, acquisition success rate, failure rate, and optimal rate. The correlation of sex, age, disease type, DS staging, ISS staging, number of chemotherapy cycle, disease status before mobilization, and mobilization regimen with the collection results was analyzed, and the adverse reactions, length of hospital stay, and hospitalization costs were compared between the two mobilization regimens.@*RESULTS@#The 41 patients underwent 97 mobilization collections, and the median number of CD34+ cells collected was 6.09 (0-34.07)×106/kg. The acquisition success rate, optimal rate, and failure rate was 90.2%, 56.1%, and 9.8%, respectively. Univariate analysis showed that sex, age, disease type, and disease stage had no significant correlation with the number of CD34+ cells collected and acquisition success rate (P >0.05), but the patients with better disease remission than partial remission before mobilization were more likely to obtain higher CD34+ cell count (P <0.05). The PXF+G-CSF group had a larger number of CD34+ cells and higher acquisition success rate in the first collection than Cy+G-CSF group (both P <0.05), and had lower infection risk and shorter length of hospital stay during mobilization (both P <0.05), but the economic burden increased (P <0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#PXF+G-CSF used for PBSC mobilization in MM patients has high first acquisition success rate, large number of CD34+ cells, less number of collection times, and short length of hospital stay, but the economic cost is heavy.

Dose-response relationship between age and Streptococcus pneumoniae vaccination coverage in kindergarten children / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To investigate the potential relationship between age and Streptococcus pneumoniae vaccination coverage in kindergarten children, and to provide a basis for guiding vaccination and developing new protein vaccines.@*METHODS@#The stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select 1 830 healthy children from six kindergartens in Shunde District, Foshan City, China, and nasopharyngeal swabs were collected for the isolation and identification of Streptococcus pneumoniae. The logistic regression model based on restricted cubic spline was used to analyze the dose-response relationship between age and Streptococcus pneumoniae vaccination coverage.@*RESULTS@#The rate of nasal Streptococcus pneumoniae carriage was 22.46% (411/1 830) among the kindergarten children, with the predominant serotypes of 6B, 19F, 15A, 23A, 34, and 23F. The coverage rates of 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV10) and 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) were 53.0% and 57.9%, respectively, and there was a significant non-linear dose-response relationship between age and the coverage rates of PCV10 and PCV13 (P<0.05), with a higher coverage rate of PCV10 (88.0%) and PCV13 (91.1%) in the children aged 2 years. There was a significant non-linear dose-response relationship between age and the coverage rates of pilus islet 1 (PI-1) and pilus islet 2 (PI-2) (P<0.05), with a lower vaccination coverage rate for PI-1 (37.7%) and PI-2 (16.1%). The coverage rates of PI-1 (13.0%-58.5%) and PI-2 (6.0%-29.4%) were lower in all age groups. The virulence genes lytA (99.5%) and ply (99.0%) associated with candidate protein vaccines showed higher vaccination coverage rates.@*CONCLUSIONS@#There is a significant non-linear dose-response relationship between the age of kindergarten children and the coverage rates of PCV10 and PCV13 serotypes, and kindergarten children aged 2 years have a relatively high coverage rate of PCV. The high prevalence of the virulence genes lytA and ply shows that they are expected to become candidate virulence factors for the development of a new generation of recombinant protein vaccines.

Effect and mechanism of Danggui Buxue Decoction-containing serum in mitigating H9c2 cell injury caused by exposure to intermittent low oxygen / 中国中药杂志

This study aims to explore the effect and mechanism of Danggui Buxue Decoction(DBD)-containing serum in alleviating the H9c2 cell injury caused by the exposure to intermittent low oxygen. H9c2 cells were assigned into five groups: control(CON) group, intermittent low oxygen(IH) group, intermittent low oxygen plus DBD-containing serum(IH+DBD) group, intermittent low oxygen plus the autophagy enhancer rapamycin(IH+RAPA) group, and intermittent low oxygen plus DBD-containing serum and the autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine(IH+DBD+3-MA) group. Monodansylcadaverine(MDC) staining was employed to detect the changes of autophagosomes. Cell counting kit-8(CCK-8) assay was employed to determine the activity of myocardial cells, and lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) and creatine kinase(CK) kits were used to measure the LDH and CK levels in the cell culture, which would reflect the degree of cell damage. TdT-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling(TUNEL) staining was used to detect the apoptosis of myocardial cells, and JC-1 fluorescence probe to detect the changes in mitochondrial membrane potential. Western blot was employed to determine the expression levels of the autophagy-related proteins microtubule-associated proteins light chain 3Ⅱ(LC3Ⅱ), microtubule-associated proteins light chain 3Ⅰ(LC3Ⅰ), P62, Parkin and apoptosis related proteins pro caspase-3, caspase-3, B-cell lymphoma-2(Bcl-2), Bcl-2-associated X(Bax). The results showed that compared with the CON group, the IH group showed decreased fluorescence intensity of MDC staining, decreased LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰ ratio, down-regulated Parkin expression, and up-regulated expression of P62. In addition, the IH group showed decreased cell survival rate, increased content of LDH and CK in the culture medium, increased number of TUNEL positive cells, and decreased pro caspase-3/caspase-3 and Bcl-2/Bax ratios and mitochondrial membrane potential. Compared with the IH group, the IH+DBD and IH+RAPA groups showed increased fluorescence intensity of MDC staining, increased LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰ ratio, up-regulated Parkin expression, and down-regulated P62 expression. In addition, the two groups showed increased cell survival rate, reduced content of LDH and CK in the culture medium, decreased number of TUNEL positive cells, and increased pro caspase-3/caspase-3 and Bcl-2/Bax ratios and mitochondrial membrane potential. The IH+DBD+3-MA and IH groups showed no significant differences in the above indicators. Compared with the IH+DBD group, the IH+DBD+3-MA group showed decreased fluorescence intensity of MDC staining, decreased LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰ ratio, down-regulated Parkin expression, and up-regulated P62 expression. In addition, the group had decreased cell survival rate, increased content of LDH and CK in the culture medium, increased number of TUNEL positive cells, decreased pro caspase-3/caspase-3 and Bcl-2/Bax ratios, and declined mitochon-drial membrane potential. To sum up, DBD could promote the mitophagy, inhibit the apoptosis, and alleviated the injury of H9c2 cells exposed to low oxygen.

Effect of Yunkang Oral Solution on pregnant mice with spleen deficiency syndrome / 中国中药杂志

This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effect of Yunkang Oral Solution on the improvement of spleen deficiency and pregnancy outcomes in pregnant mice with spleen deficiency syndrome induced by irregular diet and over consumption of cold and bitter foods. To simulate human irregular diet and over consumption of cold and bitter foods leading to spleen deficiency, the pregnant mice with spleen deficiency syndrome were prepared using an alternate-day fasting and high-fat diet combined with oral administration of Sennae Folium. During the experiment, spleen deficiency-related indicators and diarrhea-related parameters were measured. Gastric and intestinal motility(gastric emptying rate and intestinal propulsion rate) were evaluated. The levels of serum ghrelin, growth hormone(GH), gastrin(Gas), total cholesterol(TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-c), chorionic gonadotropin β(β-CG), progesterone(P), and estradiol(E_2) were measured. Intestinal barrier function in pregnant mice with spleen deficiency syndrome was assessed. Conception rate, ovarian coefficient, litter-bearing uterine coefficient, number of live fetuses, average fetal weight, and fetal length were calculated. The results showed that Yunkang Oral Solution significantly improved spleen deficiency-related indicators and diarrhea in pregnant mice with spleen deficiency syndrome, increased gastric emptying rate and intestinal propulsion rate, elevated the levels of gastrointestinal hormones(ghrelin, GH, and Gas) in the serum, and reduced lipid levels(TC and LDL-c), thereby improving lipid metabolism disorders. It also improved colonic tissue morphology, increased the number of goblet cells, and promoted the mRNA and protein expression of occludin and claudin-1 in colonic tissues, thereby alleviating intestinal barrier damage. Yunkang Oral Solution also regulated the levels of pregnancy hormones(β-CG, P, and E_2) in the serum of pregnant mice with spleen deficiency syndrome. Moreover, it increased the conception rate, ovarian coefficient, litter-bearing uterine coefficient, number of live fetuses, average fetal weight, and fetal length. These findings suggest that Yunkang Oral Solution can improve spleen deficiency-related symptoms in pregnant mice before and during pregnancy, regulate pregnancy-related hormones, and improve pregnancy outcomes.

Advances in pharmacological effects of jujuboside B / 中国中药杂志

Ziziphi Spinosae Semen(ZSS) is an edible TCM derived from the dried ripe seeds of Ziziphus jujube Mill. var. spinosa(Bunge)Hu ex H. F. Chou(Rhamnaceae), which has the effects of nourishing the heart, tonifying the liver, calming the heart, tranquilizing the mind, arresting sweating, and promoting fluid production, and is widely used in the treatment and health care of diseases related to cardiovascular, nervous, and immune systems. Jujuboside B(JuB), one of the main active ingredients of ZSS, possesses various pharmacological effects with application values. This paper reviewed the chemical structure and pharmacological effects of JuB. JuB has sedative, hypnotic, antitumor, anti-platelet, anti-inflammatory, and other biological activities, which shows the potential thera-peutic effects on insomnia, tumors, coronary artery disease, airway inflammation, and liver injury. However, there are some limitations to the results of current studies. More comprehensive studies, including basic research and clinical trials, need to be carried out to provide more reliable evidence.

Effect and mechanism of Puerariae Lobatae Radix in alleviating insulin resistance in T2DM db/db mice based on intestinal flora / 中国中药杂志

This study aimed to examine the effect and underlying mechanism of Puerariae Lobatae Radix on insulin resistance in db/db mice with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) based on the analysis of intestinal flora. Fifty db/db mice were randomly divided into a model group(M group), a metformin group(YX group), a high-dose Puerariae Lobatae Radix group(YGG group), a medium-dose Puerariae Lobatae Radix group(YGZ group), and a low-dose Puerariae Lobatae Radix group(YGD group). Another 10 db/m mice were assigned to the normal group(K group). After continuous administration for eight weeks, body weight and blood sugar of mice were measured. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) was used to detect glycosylated serum protein(GSP) and fasting serum insulin(FINS), and insulin resistance index(HOMA-IR) was calculated. The histopathological changes in the pancreas were observed by HE staining. Tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α expression in the pancreas was detected using immunohistochemistry. The structural changes in fecal intestinal flora in the K, M, and YGZ groups were detected by 16S rRNA. Western blot was used to detect the expression of farnesoid X receptor(FXR) and takeda G protein-coupled receptor 5(TGR5) in the ileum, cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase(CYP7A1) and sterol 27α-hydroxylase(CYP27A1) in the liver, and G protein-coupled receptors 41(GPR41) and 43(GPR43) in the colon. Compared with the K group, the M group showed increased body weight, blood sugar, serum GSP, fasting blood glucose(FBG), and FINS, increased HOMA-IR, inflammatory infiltration of islet cells, necrosis and degeneration of massive acinar cells, unclear boundary between islet cells and acinar cells, disturbed intestinal flora, and down-regulated FXR, TGR5, CYP7A1, CYP27A1, GPR41, and GPR43. Compared with the M group, the YX, YGG, YGZ, and YGD groups showed decreased body weight, blood sugar, serum GSP, FBG, and FINS, islet cells with intact and clumpy morphology and clear boundary, necrosis of a few acinar cells, and more visible islet cells. The intestinal flora in the YGZ group changed from phylum to genus levels, and the relative abundance of intestinal flora affecting the metabolites of intestinal flora increased. The protein expression of FXR, TGR5, CYP7A1, CYP27A1, GPR41, and GPR43 increased. The results show that Puerariae Lobatae Radix can improve the inflammatory damage of pancreatic islet cells and reduce insulin resistance in db/db mice with T2DM. The mechanism of action may be related to the increase in the abundance of Actinobacteria, Bifidobacterium, and Bacteroides in the intestinal tract and the protein expression related to metabolites of intestinal flora.

Pathogenesis of delayed gastric emptying after pancreaticoduodenectomy and related risk factors / 临床肝胆病杂志

Delayed gastric emptying (DGE) is a common complication after pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD). The etiology and pathogenesis of DGE have not been fully elucidated in China and globally, and the majority of patients can be cured after general symptomatic treatment. This article reviews the risk factors and pathophysiological mechanisms of DGE after PD, in order to provide a reference for the effective management of DGE after PD in clinical practice.

Screening of active components and preliminary mechanism exploration of Lycii Fructus for improving osteoporosis based on the zebrafish model / 药学学报

Juvenile zebrafish were used to screen the active components of Lycii Fructus for improving osteoporosis. The screening results were further verified by zebrafish adult osteoporosis model and the action mechanism was explored. Prednisolone was used as the inducer to build osteoporosis models of juvenile and adult zebrafish, and 9 groups of samples of different extracts and chemical parts of Lycii Fructus were given. Alizarin red staining was applied for observing the scale matrix mineralization and bone resorption. The activities of osteoblasts and osteoclasts were detected using alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP/TRACP) staining. The expressions of bone metabolism-related genes alp, osteoprotectin (opn), osteoblast specific transcription factor (sp7), cathepsin K (ctsk), tracp, and Runt family transcription factor 2b (runx2b) in each group were determined using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The results showed that all components of Lycii Fructus improved the formation area of the first vertebrae, the staining light density value, and the number of vertebrae joints in juvenile zebrafish and the Lycium barbarum polysaccharide (LBP) treatment group exerted the best effect. In addition, LBP prevented the formation of bone resorption lacunae in zebrafish scales, increased ALP activity, decreased TRAP activity, up-regulated the alp, sp7, and opn genes, and lowered the expressions of ctsk and tracp genes. In conclusion, LBP regulated the activity of osteoblasts and osteoclasts, reduced bone resorption, promoted bone formation and enhanced bone density, which might be the main anti-osteoporosis active fraction of Lycii Fructus. This study provided modern scientific evidence for the scientific connotation of the traditional effect of "strengthening bones and muscles" of Lycii Fructus, provided the reference for the evaluation of the anti-osteoporosis activity of traditional Chinese medicine based on zebrafish adult model, and provided beneficial enlightenment for the bone health needs of the aging society population.

A systematic review of the association between 24 hour movement behavior and obesity in children and adolescents / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To systematically review the associations of physical activity (PA), sedentary behavior (SB) and sleep with obesity, as well as isotemporal substitution effects among behaviors, determined with compositional data analysis methods, to provide a reference for obesity interventions among children and adolescents.@*Methods@#Studies in the CNKI, Wanfang, PubMed, SPORTDiscus, Web of Science and Medline databases were searched from January 1, 2014 to May 1, 2022. Two experienced reviewers independently completed document screening, data extraction and quality assessment.@*Results@#Sixteen articles were included, with a methodological quality score range of 7-12 points. Moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA), sleep and obesity were negatively correlated, and substituting other behaviors with MVPA decreased obesity risk. The substitution time ranged from 1.5 min/day to 60 min/day. Light physical activity(LPA) and SB were positively correlated with obesity.@*Conclusion@#MVPA is the primary focus of obesity interventions in children and adolescents, and extra 60 min of MVPA per week on the existing level of physical activity may be the minimum necessary to decrease the risk of obesity.

Vascularization of intravitreal injection of Conbercept in the treatment of retinopathy of prematurity / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To evaluate retinal vascularization caused by the intravitreal injection of Conbercept in the treatment of a series of retinopathy of prematurity(ROP)cases in Type Ⅰ(threshold and pre-threshold period)and aggressive ROP(A-ROP).METHODS: The data of 34 ROP cases(67 eyes)treated by intravitreal injection of Conbercept(IVC)in the ophthalmology department of the Xiamen Children's Hospital from July 2017 to March 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Reactivation, which refers to recurrence of acute phase features, occurred at any stage of the disease in the presence or absence of other diseases. RESULT: The average gestational age of the 34 children was 28.82±2.32wk. The average birth weight was 1155.18±398.22g. The lesion zone of 19 cases(37 eyes)was Zone Ⅰ. In 10 cases(20 eyes), the lesion was in Zone Ⅱ, and in 5 cases(10 eyes), the lesion was in the posterior Zone Ⅱ. The total effective rate of disease control in ROP children treated with once IVC was 73.1%(49/67), and the vascularization of Zone Ⅱ was completed. The patients showed variable changes in the vascularization in Zone Ⅲ. For the patients who received one treatment and did not reactivate, the average rate of Type Ⅰ vascularization of ROP was 9.11±2.49wk, and the A-ROP was 13.40±4.04wk. The rate of A-ROP vascularization in Zone Ⅱ was significantly longer compared to Type Ⅰ.CONCLUSION: IVC effectively completes vascularization in Zone Ⅱ.

Comparison of the Effects of Single Sperm Cryopreservation and Conventional Cryopreservation on Embryo Culture and Pregnancy in Patients Undergoing Micro-TESE / 中山大学学报(医学科学版)

ObjectiveTo compare the effects of single sperm cryopreservation and conventional cryopreservation on embryo culture and pregnancy in patients undergoing microdissection testicular sperm extraction （micro-TESE）. MethodsA retrospective analysis was done on the patients who underwent micro-TESE at the Reproductive Medicine Center in the Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University between January 2018 and December 2021. The single sperm cryopreservation group included 39 patients undergoing single sperm cryopreservation and 307 MII oocytes. The conventional cryopreservation group included 39 patients undergoing conventional cryopreservation and 410 MII oocytes. Propensity score matching （PSM） was performed to balance the selection bias. The fertility rate， embryo culture and pregnancy of these two groups were compared. ResultsThere was no statistical difference in age， body mass index （BMI）， years of infertility， basal FSH， basal LH， basal E2， AMH， AFC， number of oocytes retrieved and number of transferred embryos between the two groups （P>0.05）. No significant difference was found in fertilization rate （65.8% vs. 60.49%）， available embryo rate （67.82% vs. 58.87%） and high-quality embryo rate （70.80% vs. 75.34%）. The single sperm cryopreservation group had significantly lower clinical pregnancy rate than conventional cryopreservation group （45.45% vs. 70.0%， P=0.049）. ConclusionIf the patients undergoing micro-TESE have very few sperms， single sperm cryopreservation could be an effective choice to increase the utilization of each sperm and ensure the subsequent sperm retrieval after thawing， but the clinical pregnancy rate is decreased. Due to the limited number of cases， we need a large additional number of cases to observe and analyze.

Construction of pharmacogenomics-guided individualized medication list for elderly patients / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE To develop an individualized medication list for elderly patients by evidence-based pharmacy method， and to support clinical decisions on rational use of METHODS　Firstly， drugs with risk genetic information were screened out by systematically reviewing evidence-based pharmacy information. Secondly， researchers investigated the included drugs in lists from different data E- sources. Drugs included in three or more data sources and drugs proposed by the expert committee were then included in the medication list. Thirdly， for the drugs included in two data sources， researchers designed questionnaires to investigate the necessity of drug-related gene testing. According to the scoring results of the expert questionnaire， drugs with higher scores were included in the list. Data sources included real-world data （list of high frequency medication in hospitals， high frequency medication for elderly outpatients and inpatients in National Health Care Claims Data， drugs related to frequent medication errors and so on） and evidence-based pharmacy evidence （the websites of Clinical Pharmacogenomics Implementation Consortium， Dutch Pharmacogenetics Working Group， Food and Drug Administration and so on）. RESULTS　The study obtain 68 drugs with risk genetic information which were included in three data sources. Combined with 23 drugs proposed by the expert committee， a list containing 74 drugs was preliminarily formed after de-duplication. A total of 37 drugs included in two databases with risk genetic information were scored through the questionnaire survey to form a supplementary list of 26 drugs. This is the final composition of the list of 100 drugs developed in this study. Among them， there are 43 drugs for the central nervous system， 15 drugs for the cardiovascular system， 12 anti-tumor drugs and so on. Twelve drugs were included in six or more data sources， which mainly consisted of drugs for digestive system， all proton pump inhibitors. CONCLUSION　In this study， a list of 100 commonly used drugs which require individualized medication for the elderly was developed by evidence-based pharmacy method. The drug list will be updated in time as available evidence changes， and can provide guidance for rational use of medicines for elderly patients.

Content determination of seven active components of Eucommiae Cortex in aortic vascular endothelial cells of spontaneously hypertensive rats by UPLC-MS/MS / 中国中药杂志

In the present study, the contents of seven active components [genipinic acid(GA), protocatechuic acid(PCA), neochlorogenic acid(NCA), chlorogenic acid(CA), cryptochlorogenic acid(CCA),(+)-pinoresinol di-O-β-D-glucopyranosid(PDG), and(+)-pinoresinol 4'-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(PG)] of Eucommiae Cortex in aortic vascular endothelial cells of spontaneously hypertensive rats(SHR) were simultaneously determined by ultra-high liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry(UPLC-MS/MS). The qualified SHR models were selected. The primary aortic endothelial cells(VECs) of rats were separated and cultured by ligation and adherence, followed by subculture. After successful identification, an UPLC-MS/MS method for simultaneously determining the contents of GA, PCA, NCA, CA, CCA, PDG, PG in seven components of Eucommiae Cortex in VECs was established, including specificity, linearity, matrix effect, recovery, accuracy, precision and stability. The established method had the lo-west limit of quantification of 0.97-4.95 μg·L~(-1), accuracy of 87.26%-109.6%, extraction recovery of 89.23%-105.3%, matrix effect of 85.86%-106.2%, and stability of 86.00%-112.5%. Therefore, the established accurate UPLC-MS/MS method could rapidly and simultaneously determine the contents of the seven active components of Eucommiae Cortex in VECs of SHRs, which provided a refe-rence for the study of cellular pharmacokinetics of active components of Eucommiae Cortex extract.

Exercise regulates bone metabolism via microRNAs / 生理学报

It has been well documented that exercise can improve bone metabolism, promote bone growth and development, and alleviate bone loss. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are widely involved in the proliferation and differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, osteoblasts, osteoclasts and other bone tissue cells, and regulation of balance between bone formation and bone resorption by targeting osteogenic factors or bone resorption factors. Thus miRNAs play an important role in the regulation of bone metabolism. Recently, regulation of miRNAs are shown to be one of the ways by which exercise or mechanical stress promotes the positive balance of bone metabolism. Exercise induces changes of miRNAs expression in bone tissue and regulates the expression of related osteogenic factors or bone resorption factors, to further strengthen the osteogenic effect of exercise. This review summarizes relevant studies on the mechanism whereby exercise regulates bone metabolism via miRNAs, providing a theoretical basis for osteoporosis prevention and treatment with exercise.

Simultaneous determination of eleven volatile components in Cinnamomi Oleum by GC-MS / 中国中药杂志

A gas chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry(GC-MS) method was established for the simultaneous determination of eleven volatile components in Cinnamomi Oleum and the chemical pattern recognition was utilized to evaluate the quality of essential oil obtained from Cinnamomi Fructus medicinal materials in various habitats. The Cinnamomi Fructus medicinal materials were treated by water distillation, analyzed using GC-MS, and detected by selective ion monitoring(SIM), and the internal standards were used for quantification. The content results of Cinnamomi Oleum from various batches were analyzed by hierarchical clustering analysis(HCA), principal component analysis(PCA), and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis(OPLS-DA) for the statistic analysis. Eleven components showed good linear relationships within their respective concentration ranges(R~2>0.999 7), with average recoveries of 92.41%-102.1% and RSD of 1.2%-3.2%(n=6). The samples were classified into three categories by HCA and PCA, and 2-nonanone was screened as a marker of variability between batches in combination with OPLS-DA. This method is specific, sensitive, simple, and accurate, and the screened components can be utilized as a basis for the quality control of Cinnamomi Oleum.