Résumé
A study of 4326 students, selected by stratified random sampling and using a self administered questionnaire, revealed that overall cannabis abuse among them was 4.5%. It amounted to a considerable decline in prevalence compared to 10.2% observed in 1976. However, it was noted that this reduction was mainly in occasional users and the proportion of regular users has actually increased in 1986. The prevalence has also shown an increase among girl students. The regular users were mainly from professional colleges, hailing from metropolitan cities and with relatively higher amount of pocket money at their disposal. It was concluded that the observed trends could be due to peer pressures. It was also considered that health education of such students at entry point may help reduce the problem.
Sujets)
Adolescent , Adulte , Femelle , Éducation pour la santé , Humains , Revenu , Inde/épidémiologie , Mâle , Abus de marijuana/épidémiologie , Groupe de pairs , Surveillance de la population , Prévalence , Études par échantillonnage , Facteurs sexuels , UniversitésRésumé
Scrutiny of MCH records of 1977-78 and 1988 at PHC level revealed glaring deficiencies in their maintenance e.g. missing of entries., duplicate entries etc. Extent of supervision of service records was extremely low. Record linkages could be poorly established and thus present mechanism of health care delivery could not ensure continuity of care. The level of record maintenance has almost remained same over a decade period. This can be avoided by modifying the information system, making records at the PHC level simple, action oriented with built in system of evaluation and involving community in its maintenance and utilisation.
Sujets)
Services de santé pour enfants , Enfant d'âge préscolaire , Femelle , Contrôle des formulaires et des dossiers , Humains , Inde , Nourrisson , Services de santé maternelle , Couplage des dossiers médicaux , Dossiers médicaux/normes , Soins de santé primairesSujets)
Adolescent , Adulte , Enfant , Enfant d'âge préscolaire , Diarrhée/épidémiologie , Femelle , Humains , Incidence , Inde/épidémiologie , Nourrisson , Nouveau-né , Études longitudinales , Mâle , Adulte d'âge moyen , Zones de pauvreté , Population urbaine , Microbiologie de l'eau , Alimentation en eau/normesRésumé
In an operational research on the improvement of sanitation and water supply by an Indo-Dutch project at Mirzapur, UP, diarrhoeal morbidity was taken as an intermediate outcome variable for measuring the impact of the proposed intervention. In this study 350-410 under-five children were selected from 200 urban families of 3 slums and surveyed during 3 different seasons for 2 weekly recall of morbidity, treatment and feeding practices during diarrhoea. The prevalence of diarrhoea varied between 8.7% to 33%. Breast feeding was not restricted while other forms of feeding was continued in 57.1% to 66.3% of cases. Use of ORT increased significantly from 0% to 39.62% possibly as a result of health education. Reorientation of private practitioners to avoid use of unnecessary drug is suggested.
Sujets)
Enfant d'âge préscolaire , Diarrhée/épidémiologie , Consommation alimentaire , Traitement par apport liquidien , Humains , Inde/épidémiologie , Nourrisson , Nouveau-né , Prévalence , Saisons , Population urbaine , Microbiologie de l'eau , Alimentation en eau/normesRésumé
A cross sectional study was conducted in two rural communities of Varanasi during the period from January to December 1978 to find out the problem of endemic goitre. The overall prevalence of goitre was as high as 28.44% with 9.45% of adolescent (13-18 years) population having grade I enlargement. The highest prevalence was observed in 7-12 years of age group, the females being consistently more affected in all the age groups. The prevalence of goitre and iodine level of drinking water found to have an inverse relationship.