A Study on Branching Pattern of Renal Arteries.

Renal artery variations are becoming more important due to the gradual increase in interventional radiological procedures, urological and vascular operations, and renal transplantation. In the present study out of 80kidneys 40(50%) kidneys showed the presence of additional renal arteries. The results are statistically significant. The presence of additional renal arteries was found unilaterally in 14 cadavers and bilaterally in 6 cadavers. In 10 kidneys additional artery towards the superior pole (Superior polar artery) was observed and in 10 kidneys inferior polar arteries were seen. And superior and inferior polar arteries both are present in 20 kidney specimens. In 40 kidney specimens we were found duplicated renal arteries. This multiple renal artery variations are of great clinical significance to radiologists, nephrologists and urologists in imaging and urological procedures.

A Morphological Study of Axillary Artery and Its Branching Pattern.

The vascular anatomy of the human upper limb which is man’s important earning tool, is a complex and challenging area. The arterial supply of the upper limb is mainly maintained by brachial artery through its branches. Recent progress in vascular surgery has engendered a need for precise knowledge of the frequency of anatomical variations in the branching pattern of axillary artery. Upperlimb injuries are the most frequent occupational accidents. Awareness of variations in the anatomy of brachial artery and its branches is important to avoid serious complications while treating the cases of arterio-venous fistulae, aneurysms and abscess drainage in the region of axilla, arm and cubital fossa. The present study was undertaken on 54 upper limbs of both sexes from embalmed adult human cadavers . The specimens were studied by detailed dissection method. In the present study, 59.3% of specimens showed variations of axillary artery. Better anatomical knowledge about the branches of brachial artery and their variations are important for surgeons, physicians, radiologists and interventionists, because based on anatomical study, new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches can be proposed.