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1.
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-230198

RÉSUMÉ

Hydroponics, the science of soilless agriculture, has emerged as a pivotal paradigm in modern cultivation practices, addressing myriad challenges of traditional farming and offering avenues for high-efficiency, sustainable food production. This review delves into the anticipated future directions of hydroponics, capturing its interdisciplinary evolution. Central to this trajectory is the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and machine learning, aiming to augment precision in every facet of hydroponic cultivation, from nutrient balance to disease prediction. Complementing technological advancements is the burgeoning realm of genomics, poised to craft crop varieties intrinsically optimized for hydroponic conditions, promising both enhanced yields and improved nutritional profiles. Sustainability remains an unwavering focus, with innovative methodologies underscoring recycling and resource optimization, ensuring minimal waste and maximal output. The synergistic amalgamation of hydroponics with other agricultural models, notably aquaponics, paints a picture of integrated, multi-tiered ecosystems that not only boost productivity but also bolster ecological resilience. Such integrations herald a future where farming transcends singular methodologies, evolving into harmonized systems that capitalize on the strengths of individual disciplines. In essence, the horizon of hydroponics is not one of mere technical advancement but represents a holistic evolution, seamlessly melding technology, biology, and ecology. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of these trajectories, offering insights into the potentialities and promises that the future of hydroponics holds.

2.
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-230181

RÉSUMÉ

Insects, integral to Earth's ecosystems, play multifaceted roles that underpin environmental balance and human survival. Spanning roles from pollination to decomposition, these organisms also intersect with socio-economic, cultural, and public health sectors. This review delves into the diverse spheres of insect interactions within ecosystems, from their evolutionary histories to their roles as both predators and prey. The paper sheds light on the intricate predator-prey dynamics, emphasizing insects' roles in pest control and as pivotal food sources for various taxa. The significance of insects in soil ecosystems is elaborated upon, highlighting their contribution to soil health, nutrient cycling, and plant growth. With the looming threats of climate change, habitat destruction, and pollution, insects face unprecedented challenges, which in turn can have cascading effects on ecosystems. In the realm of public health, the review underscores the role of insects as disease vectors, necessitating a balanced approach to ecosystem health and disease management. As vectors, they also catalyze the spread of diseases, creating an intricate balance between maintaining biodiversity and safeguarding human health. The review also touches upon the cultural and economic contributions of insects, from traditional medicine to their utilization in contemporary diets, demonstrating their deep-rooted ties with human societies. With burgeoning technological advancements, the research landscape in entomology is undergoing a seismic shift. Embracing tools such as molecular studies, drones, and AI, the field is poised for groundbreaking insights. As the review suggests, the path forward demands an interdisciplinary approach, amalgamating knowledge from varied scientific domains to grasp the complexities of insect behaviors and interactions fully. In conclusion, insects, though diminutive in size, cast a vast shadow on our planet's functioning. Understanding their roles, challenges, and potential can pave the way for sustainable futures, balancing ecological health with human progress.

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