Análise dos recursos humanos em anestesiologia na América Latina e no Brasil: 1983 - 1995 / Manpower in anesthesiology in Latin America: 1983 - 1995

Justitificativa e objetivos - Esta pesquisa visou quntificar os recursos humanos em anestesiologia na América Latina (AL) em 1995. Método - Um questionário indagando o número de profissionais em anestesiologia e a formaçäo anual de anestesiologistas foi enviado para as 20 Sociedades Latino-Americanas de Anestesiologia e para líderes em anestesiologia em cada país. A populaçäo dos países foi obtida no World Population Data Sheet. Os países foram agrupados em seis sub-regiöes, a saber, Cone Sul, Países Andinos, América Central, Caribe, México e Brasil. A proporçäo de profissionais de anestesia por 100.000 habitantes foi calculada para cada país e respectiva sub-regiäo. Todos os países responderam ao inquérito. Os dados obtidos foram comparados com dados semelhantes colhidos em 1983, 1987 e 1991. Resultados - em 1995 a América Latina possuía 9,3 profissionais de anestesiologia por 100.000 habitantes com a seguinte distribuiçäo por sub-regiöes: México 21,8:100.000, Caribe 12,6:100.000, Brasil 6,5:100.000, Cone Sul 6,3:100.000, América Central 5,4:100.000 e Países Andinos 4,1:100.000. Entre os países, Cuba tinha a mais alta proporçäo de profissionais de anestesiologia, 26,4:100.000, Uruguai 10,9:100.000, e El Salvador 9,0:100.000. As menores proporçöes foram encontradas no Haiti 0,8:100.000, Guatemala 2,1:100.000 e Bolívia 2,9:100.000. O Brasil tinha uma proporçäo de 6,5:100.000. Os demais países ficaram entre 6,8 e 3,6:100.000.Examinando a proporçäo de médicos anestesiologistas por populaçäo encontrou-se: América Latina 8,6:100.000 habitantes, México 21,8:100.000, Brasil 6,5:100.000, Caribe 6,1:100.000, Cone Sul 5,8:100.000, Países Andinos 3,8:100.000 e América Central 1,9:100.000. México, Cuba e Uruguai relataram as proporçöes mais altas 21,8:100.000, 12,0:100.000 e 10,9:100.000, respectivamente. Argentina, Brasil e Venezuela acusaram proporçöes ao resor de 6,0:100.000; Panamá, Chile, Costa Rica e Colômbia proporçöes ao redor de 4,0:100.000 e os demais países proporçöes abaixo de 3,0:100.000...

Recursos Humanos em Anestesiologia na América Latina e no Brasil / Manpower in Anesthesiology in Latin America

The growth of the manpower in Anesthesiology in Latin America during the last eight years was investigated. A questionnaire inquiring the number of health professionals in anesthesiology and the annual production of new specialists was sent to the 20 Societies of Anesthesiology in Latin America in 1991. Similar questionnaire had been sent in 1987 and 1983. Eighteen Societies of Anesthesiology responded. The Latin American (LA) countries grouped into 5 sub-regions: the South Cone (SC), Argentina, Chile, Paraguay and Uruguay; the Andean Countries (AC), Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Venezuela; Central America and Caribbean Countries (CA-Cb), Costa Rica, Cuba, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Nicaragua and Dominican Republic; Mexico (ME); and Brazil (BR). The ratio anesthesia professional: population was calculated for each country and each sub-region. The population of the Latin American countries was obtained from the World Population Bureau and Panamerican Health Organization (PAHO), both in Washington, DC, USA and from the Brazilian Institute Geography and Statistics (IBGE), in Brasilia, Brazil, for the Brazilian data. The Latin American ratio anesthesia professional: population was 5.0:100,000 in 1991. The ratios for the sub-regions were : SC 4.6:100,000, Ca-Cb 5.9:100,000, Ac 3.4:100,000, ME 5.9:100,000, and BR 5.0:100,000. Cuba reported the best ratio of anesthesia professional; population, 16.4:100,000. Uruguay and Cuba reported the best ratio anesthesiologist: population 9.0:100,000 and 7.0:100,000 respectively. There were 1,788 non-physicians giving anesthetics in Latin America, 970 of them in Cuba. This country and Paraguay reported official statistics of non-physicians in anesthesia, 9 Societies of Anesthesiology estimated their number, and 4 other admitted that they existed, but did not estimated their number. Non physician Anesthesia is illegal in 3 countries. Nine hundred physicians completed their residency training in anesthisiology in Latn America, in 1991, against 710 who completed it in 1983, a 27 percent increase. The largest increase, 77 percent, occurred in the CA-Cb sub-region, mainly in Cuba which had 22 new specialists graduated in 1983 and 60 graduated em 1991, a 172 percent increase. Other sub-regional increases were: ME 39 percent, AC 38 percent, SC 25 percent, and BR 2 percent. The 1983; 1987 and 1991 inquiries uncovered a chronic manpower deficit in anesthesiology in Latin America. The ratios of one anesthesia professional for 20,000 habitants found in 1991 are obviously inadequate. Extremely low ratio anesthesia professional: population were found in Haiti, 1:100,000, and in Guatemala, Costa Rica, Bolivia and Ecuador, 1:50,000. The growth of manpower in anesthesia in LA countries was insufficient to make up for the 1983 deficit and to meet the population demand for services, with the exception of Cuba and possibly Uruguay