Campylobacter species in chilean patients with chronic periodontitis / Espécies de Campylobacter em pacientes chilenos com periodontite crônica

The purpose of this study is to identify the presence of Campylobacter species (C. rectus, C. concisus, C. gracilis and C. ureolyticus) in Chilean patients with chronic periodontitis, and to establish the relationship of these microorganisms with the periodontal conditions of smoker and non-smoker patients. Subgingival plaque samples were collected from four periodontal-affected tissue sites of 15 smoker and 15 non-moker patients with chronic periodontitis. A sample per quadrant was obtained, with a probing depth of 6 mm and an insertion loss of >3 mm in each patient. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed with the specific 16S rDNA primers for the molecular detection of C. rectus and C. gracilis, specific cpn60 primers for C. concisus and hsp60 primers gene for C. ureolyticus. Campylobacter species showed an overall prevalence of 93.3% in periodontal patients, while C. rectus was the most frequent one (80%), followed by C. concisus (66.7%), C. gracilis (33.3%), and C. ureolyticus (10%). Only C. gracilis showed a statistically significant (p = 0.002) association with chronic periodontitis among samples from smoker and nonsmoker patients. A high prevalence of the Campylobacter genus in the analyzed populations (93.3%) was found, being C. rectus the most frequent (80%) species. Besides, C. gracilis showed a statistically significant association between smoker state and chronic periodontitis.

O objetivo deste estudo é identificar a presença de espécies de Campylobacter (C. rectus, C. concisus, C. gracilis e C. ureolyticus) em pacientes chilenos com periodontite crônica, e estabelecer a relação desses microrganismos com as condições periodontais de pacientes fumantes e não fumantes. Amostras de placa subgengival foram coletadas de quatro locais de tecido periodontal afetado de 15 pacientes fumantes e 15 não fumantes com periodontite crônica. Obteve-se uma amostra por quadrante, com profundidade de sondagem 6 mm e perda de inserção > 3 mm em cada paciente. A reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR) foi realizada com os primers específicos 16S rDNA para a detecção molecular de C. rectus e C. gracilis, primers específicos de cpn60 para C. concisus e gene primers de hsp60 para C. ureolyticus. As espécies de Campylobacter apresentaram uma prevalência geral de 93,3% nos pacientes periodontais, enquanto C. rectus foi o mais frequente (80%), seguido por C. concisus (66,7%), C. gracilis (33,3%) e C. ureolyticus (10%). Apenas C. gracilis apresentou associação estatisticamente significante (p = 0,002) com a periodontite crônica entre as amostras de pacientes fumantes e não fumantes. Observou-se alta prevalência do gênero Campylobacter nas populações analisadas (93,3%), sendo C. reto as espécies mais frequentes (80%). Além disso, C. gracilis mostrou associação estatisticamente significante entre estado de fumante e periodontite crônica.

Arcobacter butzleri and A. cryaerophilus in human, animals and food sources, in southern Chile

The isolation frequency of Arcobacter species in children with diarrhea, fowls, mammals and food of avian and marine origin was established. In all the samples it was possible to isolate Arcobacter species corresponding 201 (39.4%) to A. butzleri and 24 (4.7) to A. cryaerophilus. Both species were simultaneously isolated in 19 (3.7%) being A. butzleri the most frequently isolated species.

Campylobacter insulaenigrae: first isolation report from South American sea lion (Otaria flavescens, (Shaw, 1800)

Campylobacter insulaenigrae have been isolated from different pinnipeds but not from South American sea lion (Otaria flavescens). The aim of this work is to report the first isolation of C. insulaenigrae from South American sea lion (Otaria flavescens). The isolate, identified by its phenotypic and molecular characteristics, allow recognizing O. flavescens as a new host for C. insulaenigrae.

Occurrence of campylobacter species in healthy well-nourished and malnourished children

The occurrence of Campylobacter species in healthy, well-nourished and healthy, malnourished children of low socioeconomic level in Southern Chile was determined. Campylobacter carriers were significantly most frequent among malnourished (31.4 percent) than among well-nourished (9.9 percent) children. Six species were isolated from malnourished children whereas four were found among well-nourished children. C. upsaliensis was the most frequent (13.3 percent) species isolated from malnourished children, followed by C. lari (7.6 percent) and C. fetus ssp. fetus (1.9 percent).

A ocorrência de espécies de Campylobacter em crianças mal nutridas e bem nutridas, sem diarréia e de baixo nível socioeconômico, foi determinada. Os portadores de Campylobacter foram mais freqüentes entre as crianças mal nutridas (31,4 por cento) do que entre as crianças bem nutridas (9,9 por cento). Seis espécies de Campylobacter foram isoladas das crianças mal nutridas e quatro das crianças bem nutridas. C. upsaliensis foi a espécie mias freqüentemente isolada (13,3 por cento) das crianças mal nutridas, seguida de C. lari (7,6 por cento) e C. fetus ssp. fetus (1,9 por cento).