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Graduate education is a major way for training advanced talents in the field of military preventive medicine,and the process management is the key step for training talents with high quality of theoretic creation and experimental skills.In order to cultivate excellent graduate students with distinct military especially naval characters,in recent years,we have made certain exploration and practices during the education management process,facilitating construction of educational and experimental platform,intensifying theoretic ability and lab skills,improving research project selection and design,emphasizing middle evaluation and so on.Now a new type of process management mode of graduate education in military preventive medicine with significant military character has come into being.
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Several problems were existed in present military hygiene teaching.In recent years,integrated reforms were done about the improving undergraduate and teacher's activities,strictly choosing teaching contents,doing well extra curriculum,and serious examination in nursing teaching.Furthermore,the new presumptions were also discussed.
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The new course standard of nursing specialty in military hygiene was established against the main problems in military hygiene teaching and considering the peacetime and wartime need of nursing post.In this paper,guiding ideology,content choosing and the request of operational skill of this standard were discussed in detail.
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Objective To investigate the effect of nutrition intervention on psychological stress combining with sleep deprivation in rats. Methods Seventy-five male SD rats were randomly divided into five groups:control group,composite factor group,composite factor control group,nutrition group Ⅰ and nutrition group Ⅱ. The rat model of 14d psychological stress combining with 48h sleep deprivation was established by Communication Box and improved small platform methods. Rats in the 2 nutrition groups were gavaged with corresponding nutriment everyday; those in other groups were treated with gavage of physiological saline. Morris water maze place navigation test was employed to train rats and measure the ability of rats' spatial working memory. The antioxygenic potential of rats' blood serum and some nutrients were measured with corresponding kits. Results Compared with the composite factor group,the escape latency of all quadrants shortened significantly (P
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Objective To investigate the dietary structure in long-haul truck drivers,especially their vitamin A(VA) intake,food sources and serum level.Method One hundred and forty-five long-haul truck drivers were enrolled.A 24-hour dietary recall was conducted by food frequency questionnaire using three-dimensional food models.Serum VA was measured by HPLC.Results The average intake of energy,protein,fat and carbohydrate in working days was 3.95 MJ(945 kcal/d,35.0%RNI),40.7g/d(17.2% energy),20.5g/d(19.5% energy),134.5g/d(56.9% energy) respectively.In rest days,the average intake of energy,protein,fat and carbohydrate was 11.72 MJ(2802 kcal/d,116.8%RNI),118.5g/d(15.0% energy),92.4g/d(37.7% energy),307.2g/d(38.9% energy) respectively.VA intake was 252.6?gRE/d(31.5% RNI) in working days compared to 602.3?gRE/d(75.2% RNI) in rest days.The average serum VA concentration was 583 ?g RE/L,and the prevalence of serum VA
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Objective To investigate the calbindin D\|28K (CB) neurons that receive the visceral nociceptive information in the interstitial nucleus of the spinal trigeminal tract (INV) directly project to the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS). Methods Triple\|labeled methods of fluorogold (FG) retrograde tracing combined with Fos and CB proteins immunofluorescence histochemistry after formalin stimulating upper alimentary tract. Results Most of FG\|retrograde labeled neurons distributed in the paratrigeminal nucleus (PaV) and the dorsal paramarginal nucleus (PaMd) of INV ipsilateral to the FG injection. About 71^2% of FG\|retrograde labeled neurons contained CB and 31^5% of FG/CB double\|labeled neurons exhibited positive Fos\|immunoreaction in INV.Conclusion The results suggested that a part of neurons containing CB in INV receive the visceral nociceptive information and directly project to NTS. CB neurons might play an important role in transmitting visceral nociceptive information from INV to NTS. [
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Objective To examine the cardiac primary afferents passing through the superior cervical ganglion which the sensory neurons are located in the vagal ganglion. Methods Retrograde tracing transport combined with immunohistochemistry. Results After injecting the horseradish peroxidase(HRP) into the superior cervical ganglion in the rat, the small number of retrogradely labeled neurons consistently appeared in the upper local portion of the nodose ganglion. The same injecting of fluorogold(FG) followed by immunohistochemical staining with SP, it was found that the double\|labeled neurons with FG/SP were approximately 20% occupied the total population of the SP positive neurons in the nodose ganglion. Conclusions The present results, associated with previous reports, suggest that the pathway of the vagal afferent conveying cardiac pain information which contains SP pass through the superior cervical ganglion.\;[