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Objective:To assess the clinical efficacy of sequential radical surgery after immune and targeted therapy in downstaging patients with initially unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma.Methods:Data were prospectively collected from December 2018 to July 2022 on patients with initially unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma which were downstaged to undergo sequential surgery after treatment with immune and targeted therapy at the Faculty of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital. There were 79 patients, with 69 men and 10 women, aged (53.0±10.9) years, being enrolled into this study. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate the survival rate, and the log-rank test was used for survival rate comparison. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression were used to analyze factors influencing patient prognosis.Results:There were 7 patients (8.9%) with China Liver Cancer Staging (CNLC) Ⅰb, Ⅱa, Ⅱb who had insufficient residual liver volume or tumor rupture before the downstaging therapy, and 38 patients (48.1%) with CNLC Ⅲa and 34 patients (43.0%) with CNLC Ⅲb. These 79 patients underwent R 0 resection after 3-20 cycles (median 5 cycles) of immune and targeted therapy. Based on the modified response evaluation criteria in solid tumor, the results of preoperative imaging assessment were: complete remission in 12 patients (15.2%), partial remission in 50 patients (63.3%), stable disease in 15 patients (19.0%), and disease progression in 2 patients (2.5%). The overall survival rates of patients at 1, 2, and 3 years after diagnosis were 96.1%, 83.5%, and 76.6%; and the recurrence-free survival rates at 1, 2, and 3 years after surgery were 62.1%, 52.9%, and 34.7%, respectively. On multivariate Cox regression analysis, patients with a preoperative alpha-fetoprotein >20 μg/L ( HR=2.816, 95% CI: 1.232-6.432, P=0.014) and a high proportion of pathological residual tumors ( HR=1.015, 95% CI: 1.004-1.026, P=0.006) had a higher risk of postoperative recurrence; and patients with a high proportion of pathological residual tumors ( HR=1.028, 95% CI: 1.007-1.049, P=0.007) and preoperative alpha-fetoprotein >400 μg/L ( HR=4.099, 95% CI: 1.193-14.076, P=0.025) had a higher risk of death. Conclusion:Immunotherapy combined with targeted therapy and sequential surgery for patients with initially unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma provided long-term survival benefits. Elevated preoperative alpha-fetoprotein and a high proportion of pathological residual tumor were independent risk factors for recurrence-free survival and overall survival in this group of patients.
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Objective:To investigate the effect of distilled water on the viability of human lens epithelial cells (LECs) cultured in vitro. Methods:A total of 156 anterior capsule specimens were collected from 156 patients (156 eyes) who were diagnosed with age-related cataract during phacoemulsification combined with intraocular lens implantation from May to December 2020 in Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School.The 156 specimens were divided into 312 small pieces.Of the 312 pieces, 157 pieces were divided into normal control group (23 pieces), positive control group (10 pieces), balanced salt solution (BSS) immersion group (61 pieces) and distilled water immersion group (63 pieces) using computer-generated random numbers.Normal control group received no treatment.Positive control group was directly fixed with a mass fraction of 4% histiocytes fixative solution.For the 61 pieces in BSS immersion group, 20 pieces were soaked for 1 minute, 21 pieces for 2 minutes, and 20 pieces for 3 minutes.For the 63 pieces in distilled water immersion group, 20 pieces were soaked for 1 minute, 23 pieces for 2 minutes, and 20 pieces for 3 minutes.Another 125 pieces were selected to simulate the cataract aspiration-irrigation according to the treatment in BSS immersion group and distilled water immersion group respectively, plus rinse in a bottle containing BSS at a height of 70 cm for 1 minute.Cell viability was detected by trypan blue-eosin staining.LECs density, dead cell count, cell death rate and percentage of shedding (%) were calculated.Of the remaining 30 pieces, every 15 pieces were divided into normal control group, BSS immersion group, and distilled water immersion for 1, 2 and 3 minutes groups, with 3 pieces in each group.BSS immersion group was immersed for 3 minutes, and the other four groups were treated as mentioned above, and the LECs structure of the four groups was observed by light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy.This study adhered to the Declaration of Helsinki.The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School (No.2019-248-01). Written informed consent was obtained from each subject.Results:The boundaries of LECs in BSS treatment groups were clear, and there was no significant difference in morphology compared with normal control group.With time increasing, LECs in distilled water treatment groups gradually swelled, and the boundaries of dead cells were not clear.There were significant differences in LECs density, dead LECs count and LECs mortality ( F=13.459, 98.918, 130.600; all at P<0.001). The LECs density was lower in 2-minute and 3-minute distilled water treatment groups than in normal control group, showing statistically significant differences (both at P<0.05). The dead LECs count and LECs mortality were higher in 1-minute, 2-minute and 3-minute distilled water treatment groups than in normal control group and BSS treatment groups for the same time, and the differences were statistically significant (all at P<0.05). Only a few shed LECs were seen in normal control group, 1-minute, 2-minute and 3-minute BSS treatment groups, and BSS immersion combined rinse group.After different time of soaking, there were more shed LECs in distilled water immersion combined rinse group, and the range of LECs shedding increased with the extension of distilled water immersion.There was a significant difference in the shedding percentage of LECs among different groups ( F=123.670, P<0.001). The shedding percentages of LECs at different time points were higher in distilled water immersion groups and distilled water immersion combined rinse groups than in normal control group, and the difference was statistically significant (all at P<0.05). The shedding percentage of LECs increased significantly in distilled water immersion groups with the extension of immersion.Light microscopy showed that the cells were destroyed in 1-minute, 2-minute and 3-minute distilled water treatment groups, and some LECs shed in the 2-minute and 3-minute treatment groups.Transmission electron microscopy showed cell lysis and destruction, suborganelles swelling, disruption of intercellular junctions in 1-minute, 2-minute and 3-minute distilled water treatment groups, loose attachment between cells and capsule in the 2-minute and 3-minute treatment groups, and cell detachment from capsule in the 3-minute treatment group. Conclusions:Distilled water immersion leads to LECs death in a time-dependent manner, and distilled water immersion combined with rinse can remove LECs on the lens capsule.
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Objective:To investigate the effect of electroporation-mediated local gene therapy on the expression of Wnt3a and β-catenin in callus of distraction gap during mandibular distraction osteogenesis of rabbits.Methods:The experiments were conducted in the laboratory of the Affiliated Friendship Plastic Surgery Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from September 2019 to December 2019. Forty eight New-Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into control group (group A), gene therapy group (group B) and normal saline group (group C), with 16 rabbits in each group. After bilateral mandible osteotomy and distractors were implanted, the distractors were activated at a speed of 0.8 mm/d on 4th day, postoperatively, and lasted for 7 days, followed by consolidation period. Group A distracted only, group B was subject to local injection of recombinant plasmid pIRES-hBMP2-hVEGF165 in the distraction gap and electroporation stimulation at the beginning of activation distractors; and group C local injection of the same dose of normal saline in the distraction gap and electroporation stimulation at the beginning of activation distractors. Four animals in each group were sacrificed on the day at the end of distraction, 7th, 14th, 28th days of consolidation period, respectively. The callus in the distraction gap was taken for immunohistochemical staining and RT-PCR to detect the expression of Wnt3a and β-catenin, and image analysis was performed. SPSS 22.0 statistical software was used for data analysis.Results:Immunohistochemical staining showed that Wnt3a and β-catenin were mainly located in the cytoplasm and nuclei of fibroblasts, chondrocytes and osteoblasts in callus tissue. Immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR showed that the expression of Wnt3a and β-catenin reached a peak at the end of distraction. With the disappearance of distraction tension, the expression of Wnt3a and β-catenin gradually decreased. After gene therapy intervention, the expression of Wnt3a and β-catenin was significantly increased, and the expression of Wnt3a and β-catenin in group B was the highest at each time point, with statistically significant difference compared with groups A and C ( F=96.3, P<0.01). Conclusions:Gene therapy promotes the expression of Wnt3a and β-catenin in the callus of distraction gap, regulating the balance of the bone reconstruction system and thus promoting the formation of new bone in the distraction gap.
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Objective:To investigate the incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) following pancreaticoduodenectomy and related risk factors in elderly patients.Methods:The clinical data of elderly patients who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy in Henan Provincial People′s Hospital from January 2017 to June 2020 were collected retrospectively. According to the changes of serum creatinine within 48 h or 7 days after operation, the patients were divided into AKI group and non-AKI group. The basic clinical characteristics of the two groups were compared, and the incidence of AKI was calculated. Multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the risk factors of postoperative AKI.Results:A total of 322 elderly patients were enrolled, with age of (67.1±5.2) years old (60-85 years old) and 186 males (57.76%). Among 322 elderly patients, there were 41 patients (12.73%) suffering from AKI following pancreaticoduodenectomy. Compared with the non-AKI group, the level of bilirubin in AKI group was higher ( Z=-2.012, P=0.044), and the level of hemoglobin in AKI group was lower ( Z=-2.111, P=0.035). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that increased preoperative total bilirubin ( OR=1.003, 95% CI 1.000-1.006, P=0.027) and postoperative exploratory laparotomy ( OR=3.936, 95% CI 1.071-14.460, P=0.039) were the independent influencing factors for AKI after pancreaticoduodenectomy in elderly patients. Conclusions:The incidence of AKI after pancreaticoduodenectomy in elderly patients is 12.73%. Preoperative high bilirubin and postoperative exploratory laparotomy may be the independent risk factors for AKI after pancreaticoduodenectomy in elderly patients.
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Objective:To evaluate the clinical effects of the dissection of the implant pockets with ultrasonic scalpel or traditional electroscalpel through the axillary approach under endoscopic assistant.Methods:A total of 125 female patients with an average of 32.5 years, ranged from 21 to 44 years, underwent endoscopic-assisted transaxillary breast augmentation in the Department of Plastic Surgery, the Affiliated Friendship Plastic Surgery Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, from January 2019 to December 2020, were analyzed retrospectively. The implant pockets were dissected with ultrasonic scalpel (ultrasonic scalpel group) in 64 patients or with traditional electroscalpel (electroscalpel group) in 61 patients. The operation time, operation speed, postoperative drainage, drainage tube removal time and hospital stay of the two groups were compared and analyzed statistically.Results:Compared with the electroscalpel group, the average operation time of the ultrasonic scalpel group 75(71-90) min was significantly shorter than that of the electroscalpel group 105(80-135) min ( t=4.10, P<0.001), the operation speed (3.27±0.44 ml/min) was faster than that of the electroscalpel group (2.52±0.72 ml/min) ( t=4.71, P<0.001), the postoperative drainage 130.5(98.8-193.3) ml was significantly less than that of the electroscalpel group 281.75(145.5-328.3) ml ( t=2.21, P<0.05), and the drainage tube removal time 3 (3-4) d and hospital stay 3 (3-4) d were remarkablely shorter than that of the electroscalpel group 4 (3-4) d, 5 (4-6) d ( t=3.58; t=4.06, P<0.05). Conclusions:The application of ultrasonic scalpel in endoscopic-assisted transaxillary breast augmentation is safe and reliable. In addtion to improving the surgical efficiency, ultrasonic scalpel can reduce blood loss, shorten the time of hospital stay and reduce complications, which is worthy of further promotion in clinical application.
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Objective:To investigate the effect of eyebrow arch augmentation with personalized polyether ether ketone (PEEK) implant assisted by endoscope.Methods:From January 2019 to August 2021, 9 patients with low and flat eyebrow arch requiring eyebrow arch augmentation were treated in the plastic surgery department of the Friendship Plastic Surgery Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University. The cranial and maxillofacial CT scanning data were obtained before operation, the eyebrow arch elevation range and height were designed according to the patient's requirements, and personalized peek implants were manufactured. During the operation, a small temporal hairline incision was used to accurately separate the implantation cavity of individualized peek implants under the periosteum of the eyebrow arch implantation area with the aid of endoscope. Personalized PEEK implants were implanted under endoscope to make them fully fit with the eyebrow arch bone and fixed with titanium nails. Photos were taken and analyzed before and after operation.Results:All patients were followed up for 3 months to 2 years. Their facial expressions were normal, and there were no motor nerve injury, rejection and iatrogenic infection. The patients were satisfied with the postoperative effect. Compared with before operation, the low level of orbital bone in eyebrow area was improved, and the facial contour was three-dimensional and harmonious.Conclusions:The eyebrow arch augmentation with individualized peek implant assisted by endoscope is safe and effective. It can greatly reshape the upper contour of the face, deepen the upper eyelid fossa and improve the convex eye phenomenon, so as to achieve the cosmetic effect of enhancing the three-dimensional sense of the eyebrow orbital area, which is worthy of clinical application.
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Advanced hepatocellular carcinoma has a high degree of malignancy and poor prognosis. Studies showed that there is a close relationship between the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma and the immune status in tumor microenvironment. Adoptive cell therapy showed anti-tumor effects and improve immunosuppression by infusing patients with activated specific immune cells, which become a central issue in tumor therapy and shown promising effects in the treatment of various malignant tumors, indicating great application potential. Adoptive cell therapy based on neoantigen may become a new hot spot in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma, and their application, safety and effectiveness evaluation, efficacy prediction and assessment have become urgent issues to be solved. The purpose of this article is to introduce the progress related to adoptive cell therapy for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma and elaborate the problems that need to be solved in the future.
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Objective:To compare the effects of five different types of videolaryngoscopes in patients with a simulated difficult airway.Methods:575 patients who needed endotracheal intubation in Nanjing Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University from May 2021 to September 2021 were randomly divided into 5 groups [UE videolaryngoscope group (U group), GlideScope videolaryngoscope group (G group), C-MAC videolaryngoscope group (C group), Airtraq videolaryngoscope group (A group) and A. P.advance videolaryngoscope group (AP group)], with 115 patients in each group. They all wore cervical collar to simulate difficult airway. The main observation index was the success rate of first endotracheal intubation. Secondary observation indicators included overall success rate, laryngoscope exposure field, intubation time, operator′s subjective score, cause of failure, adverse events, and complications of intubation.Results:The patients′ mouth opening degree was reduced from (46±6)mm to (24±4)mm ( P<0.05) after wearing the cervical collar; The success rate of the first endotracheal intubation were 96%(UE), 92%(C-MAC), 86%(GlideScope), 85%(Airtraq), and 60%(AP.Advance) respectively, with statistically significant difference ( P<0.05); Compared with AP group and G group, the incidence of soft tissue injury or bleeding in U group and C group were lower ( P<0.05); There were significant difference in the overall success rate of videolaryngoscopes, laryngoscope visual field exposure, intubation time, the subjective score of the operator and adverse events ( P<0.05); There was no significant difference in the complications of intubation among the groups ( P>0.05). Conclusions:Among 575 patients with a simulated difficult airway with limited neck mobility and limited mouth opening, there were significant differences in the use of five videolaryngoscopes. Among them, UE video laryngoscope had the highest first intubation success rate and lowest tissue trauma rate, C-MAC video laryngoscope, GlideScope video laryngoscope and Airtraq video laryngoscope followed in performance, while A. P.Advance video laryngoscope performed the worst.
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Objective:To accurately and effectively identify the most critical needs of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) treatment for patients with severe cardiopulmonary diseases, and to better carry out continuous improvement of medical service quality an patients' satisfaction.Methods:Patients who underwent ECMO and transferred from 56 medical institutions in the Henan Provincial People's Hospital Critical Care Medicine Specialist Alliance [the patients who were transported before applying quality function deployment (QFD) from June 2017 to May 2018 were enrolled as the control group, and patients who were transported after applying QFD from June 2018 to May 2019 were the observation group], medical staff in the alliance hospitals, ECMO transfer teams and transfer driver teams were enrolled as the subjects of the survey. QFD was applied to convert the collected requirements into quality improvement elements for targeted improvement measures.Results:A total of 125 questionnaires were distributed in this survey, and 116 valid questionnaires were collected, including 91 from patients (including 27 from the control group and 64 from the observation group), 10 from the medical staff of the alliance hospitals, 10 from the ECMO transport teams and 5 from the transport driver teams. The questionnaire recovery rate was 92.8%. The improvement elements of ECMO treatment for patients with critical cardiopulmonary diseases were ranked according to the importance, and the top five were as follows: the accuracy of the first diagnosis, the specialization of ECMO team, the guarantee of vehicle safety, the seamless responses, and the smooth coordinated rescue protocol.Conclusion:The top five improvement elements should be prioritized in ECMO treatment of patients with critical cardiopulmonary disease in all hospitals of the Alliance to ensure more accurate and timely treatment.
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Objective:To investigate the effect of Mediterranean diet on blood glucose control and cardiovascular risk factors in patients with type 2 diabetes.Methods:As to December 2021, the PubMed, Cochrance Central Register of Controlled Trials and Cochrance Database, Cochranc Library, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure and Wanfang Medical Network system were searched for clinical randomized controlled trials(RCTs) of Mediterranean diet in patients with type 2 diabetes to conduct Meta-analysis The main observation index were cardiovascular risk factors, and the mean difference and its 95% confidence interval were used to estimate the effect size.Results:There were six RCTs, and 1181 patients met the inclusion criteria and entered the Meta-analysis. Compared with the control group, the intervention group can significantly reduce the level of systolic blood pressure ( MD=-1.20, 95% CI-2.21 to -0.19) and diastolic blood pressure ( MD=-4.17, 95% CI-7.12 to -1.22) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, but there were no significant difference in the level of TC ( MD=2.92, 95% CI-0.84 to-6.67), HDL ( MD=2.33, 95% CI-0.27 to -4.92) and LDL ( MD=-2.34, 95% CI-5.67 to -0.99) between the two groups (all P>0.05). Conclusions:The meta-analysis provided evidence the Mediterranean diet showed the beneficial improvements in blood pressure glycemic control, but the effect of Mediterranean diet on lipid profile was not significant, which needed further verification.
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Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of subomohyoid anterior suprascapular nerve block (SSNB) in the patients undergoing arthroscopic shoulder surgery with general anesthesia.Methods:Sixty patients of either sex, aged 18-64 yr, with body mass index of 18-30 kg/m 2, of American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status Ⅰor Ⅱ, scheduled for elective arthroscopic shoulder surgery, were divided into 2 groups ( n=30 each) using a random number table method: SSNB group (S group) and interscalene brachial plexus block group (I group). Before induction, 0.375% ropivacaine hydrochloride 15 ml was injected between C 5-C 6 nerve roots in group I and around the anterior suprascapular nerve in group S under ultrasound guidance.Diaphragmatic excursion, occurrence and degree of diaphragmatic paralysis, decrease in SpO 2, dyspnea, Horner syndrome and sensory block in the C 5-T 1 dermatomes were assessed at 30 min after injection.The intraoperative consumption of remifentanil, extubation time, and length of post-anesthesia care unit stay were recorded.Quality of Recovery-15 score for patient′s satisfaction with analgesia, effective pressing frequency of analgesic pump, requirement for rescue analgesia, nausea and vomiting and nerve block-related complications within 24 h after surgery were recorded. Results:Compared with group I, the incidence of diaphragmatic paralysis was significantly decreased, the degree of diaphragmatic paralysis was reduced, diaphragmatic excursion was increased, the amplitude of decrease in SpO 2 was reduced, the incidence of dyspnea and Horner syndrome was decreased, extubation time was shortened ( P<0.05), and no significant change was found in the incidence of sensory block in the C 5-T 1 dermatomes, intraoperative consumption of remifentanil, effective pressing frequency of analgesic pump, requirement for rescue analgesia, score for patient′s satisfaction with analgesia, incidence of nausea and vomiting, length of post-anesthesia care unit stay, or Quality of Recovery-15 score in group S ( P>0.05). Conclusions:The subomohyoid anterior SSNB not only provides reliable perioperative analgesia, but also reduces the risk of diaphragmatic paralysis when used in the patients undergoing arthroscopic shoulder surgery with general anesthesia.
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Objective:To investigate the safety and efficacy of combining programmed death-1 (PD-1) with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) before liver transplantation(LT).Methods:The data of six males with a mean ± s. d. age of (57.5±4.3) years who were treated with PD-1 inhibitors combined with TKIs for advanced HCC before LT at Beijing You'an Hospital, Capital Medical University and the First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital were retrospectively analysed. The tumor stagings, the use of PD-1 inhibitors and TKIs with their discontinuation in pre-LT/post-LT liver function recovery durations, incidences of complication. The tumor recurrence and disease-free survival rates were determined on follow-up of these patients at outpatients clinics.Results:For the 6 patients included in this study, four patients were classified by the Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer Staging (BCLC) as C and the China Liver Cancer Staging (CNLC) as Ⅲa, and two patients were classified by the BCLC staging as B and the CNLC asⅡb. The mean cycle of PD-1 inhibitor used was 5.5 (1-20), and the mean duration of PD-1 inhibitor discontinuation was 19.5 (12-45) days pre-LT. All patients who were treated with PD-1 inhibitors combined with TKIs reached the liver transplantation standard, and all successfully underwent orthotopic liver transplantation. The liver function recovered well without any serious complications post-LT. All the patients survived without developing any acute rejection or other complications. The follow-up time ranged from 8.2 to 27.3 months, with a median of 11.9 months. No patients had died, and 2 patients developed tumor recurrence. The median (range) tumor-free survival time was 10.9 (2.9-27.3) months.Conclusion:Patients with advanced HCC could benefit from combined PD-1 inhibitors with TKIs therapy pre-LT. There were no increased incidences of acute rejection and other complications post-LT.
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Objective:To study the safety and efficacy of a treatment protocol using immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and antiangiogenic targeted drugs (AATDs) in converting 41 patients with initially unresectable to resectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Methods:The data of 41 patients with initially unresectable HCC treated with immunotherapy combined with targeted therapy from December 2018 to April 2021 in Chinese PLA General Hospital were analysed. There were 34 males and 7 females, aged (51.8±10.7) years. The clinical characteristics, conversion to resectable HCC, adverse drug reactions, surgical data and postoperative complications were analysed. Patients were followed-up by outpatients clinics or telephone calls.Results:There were 5 patients with Chinese Liver Cancer Staging (CNLC)-Ⅰb, 4 with CNLC-Ⅱ, 28 with CNLC-Ⅲa and 4 with CNLC-Ⅲb before the treatment protocol. Among them, 28 patients had portal vein tumor thrombosis (PVTT) and 4 had retroperitoneal lymph node metastases. All patients had a mean tumor diameter of (9.16±4.43) cm before and (6.49±4.69) cm after the treatment protocol. The latter was based on the last assessment before hepatectomy. The efficacy of the treatment protocol in converting unresectable to resectable HCC was assessed by the modified Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors after 3-15 cycles (median dose cycles, 5) of protocal therapy: 15 patients achieved a complete response; 15 patients achieved a partial response; 6 patients had a stable disease, and 5 patients had a progressive disease. 21 patients (51.2%) experienced adverse reactions associated with drug treatment, which resolved with symptomatic treatment or brief discontinuation of the therapy. All patients underwent successful hepatectomy. Postoperative complications of grade Ⅱ or higher occurred in 9 patients (22.0%). The cumulative overall survival rates at 6 months, 1 year and 2 years from diagnosis were 100.0%, 92.6% and 64.7% respectively. The cumulative overall survival rates at 6 months, 1 year and 2 years after surgery were 95.1%, 74.7% and 60.8%, and the recurrence-free survival rates at 6 months, 1 year and 2 years after surgery were 87.8%, 56.7% and 48.6%, respectively.Conclusions:This study provided preliminary evidences that surgical resection after immunotherapy combined with targeted therapy in patients with initially unresectable HCC was safe and efficacious.
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Objective:To analyze the effect of dexmedetomidine combined with thoracic paravertebral block (TPVB) on sleep quality, serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) and high mobility group protein (HMGB-1) levels in patients undergoing thoracoscopic pulmonary surgery.Methods:The clinical data of 90 patients who received thoracoscopic pulmonary surgery from January 2020 to January 2021 in Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, 45 patients were given dexmedetomidine combined with TPVB before operation (experiment group), and 45 patients were given TPVB before operation (control group). The indexes of sleep quality were recorded, including Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) and total sleep time 24 and 48 h after operation. The visual analogue score (VAS) during quiet and cough 1, 6, 12, 24 and 48 h after operation were recorded. The serum substance P (SP), 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), C-reactive protein (CRP), IL-6 and HMGB-1 before operation and 1 d after operation were detected. The adverse reactions were compared between 2 groups.Results:The PSQI 24 and 48 h after operation in experiment group was significantly lower than that in control group: (11.38±4.61) scores vs. (13.65±2.72) scores and (8.78±3.79) scores vs. (10.95±2.81) scores, the total sleep time was significantly longer than that in control group: (7.71±2.64) h vs. (5.49±2.10) h and (9.75±3.14) h vs. (7.82±2.67) h, and there were statistical differences ( P<0.01). The VAS during quiet and cough 1, 6 and 12 h after operation in experiment group was significantly lower than that in control group, and there was statistical difference ( P<0.01); there was no statistical difference in the VAS during quiet and cough 24 and 48 h after operation between 2 groups ( P>0.05). There were no statistical differences in serum SP, 5-HT, CRP, IL-6 and HMGB-1 before operation between 2 groups ( P>0.05); the SP, 5-HT, CRP, IL-6 and HMGB-1 1 d after operation in experiment group were significantly lower than those in control group: (132.59±10.34) ng/L vs. (141.57±12.26) ng/L, (0.73±0.11) μmol/L vs. (0.95±0.09) μmol/L, (32.46±3.54) mg/L vs. (38.53±4.12) mg/L, (145.67±24.68) ng/L vs. (162.79±23.51) ng/L and (70.35±6.81) ng/L vs. (92.36±7.08) ng/L, and there were statistical differences ( P<0.01). The incidence of adverse reactions in experiment group was significantly lower than that in control group: 20.00% (9/45) vs. 48.89% (22/45), and there was statistical difference ( χ2 = 8.32, P = 0.004). Conclusions:Dexmedetomidine combined with TPVB can effectively improve postoperative sleep quality of patients undergoing thoracoscopic pulmonary surgery, relieve pain, and reduce postoperative serum pain mediators and inflammatory factors, with fewer adverse reactions.
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Objective To investigate the expression and clinical significance of TM9SF3 in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Methods TCGA and GEPIA databases were used to screen the differentially-expressed TM9SF family molecules and analyze their effects on patient prognosis with LUAD. The expression and localization of TM9SF3 in LUAD patients were verified by a human proteomic mapping database, Western blot assay, and polymerase chain reaction assay. Herein, the GSEA was used for the signal pathway enrichment analysis of TM9SF3-related genes. Meanwhile, the TIMER database and CIBERSORT algorithm were used to analyze the correlation between differentially-expressed TM9SF3 and the degree of immune cell infiltration. Results The expression of TM9SF3 in LUAD was significantly increased and had a significant adverse effect on the prognosis of LUAD patients. In addition, immunoblotting and polymerase chain reaction confirmed that TM9SF3 was highly expressed in LUAD. Meanwhile, the genes related to TM9SF3 expression were mainly enriched in cell signaling pathways regulating immune cell activity. The expression of TM9SF3 was significantly correlated with the expression changes of six immune cells. Conclusion TM9SF3 is differentially expressed in LUAD and may be used as a potential prognostic marker for LUAD patients. TM9SF3 can also change the level of immune cell infiltration in LUAD patients and is expected to be a new potential target for LUAD immunotherapy.
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Objective:The study aimed to study the efficacy and safety of combined dual therapy using anti-programmed death (PD)-1 and tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) with combined triple therapy using anti-PD-1, TKI and locoregional intervention triple therapy in patients with postoperative refractory recurrent liver cancer.Methods:Patients with postoperative refractory recurrent liver cancer who had undergone either anti-PD-1 and TKI dual therapy or anti-PD-1, TKI and locoregional intervention triple therapy between July 2016 and March 2019 at the First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital were retrospectively studied. Tumor responses were assessed by the modified response evaluation criteria in solid tumors and overall survival and progression free survival were compared. Adverse events were evaluated according to the National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events.Results:Of 63 patients who were included in this study, there were 25 patients in the dual therapy group (16 males and 9 females, aged 54.3±8.8 years) and 38 patients in the triple therapy group (31 males and 7 females, aged 55.5±8.4 years). The 1-year survival rate of the triple therapy group was significantly higher than the dual therapy group (94.5%vs 54.9%) ( P<0.01). The disease control rate was 64.0% (16/25) in the dual therapy group and 84.2% (32/38) in the triple therapy group, and the difference was not significant ( P>0.05). The incidence of treatment-related adverse events in the triple therapy group and the dual therapy group were 78.9% (30/38) and 80% (20/25), respectively. There was no treatment-related death in the 2 groups. Conclusions:Anti-PD-1 and TKI dual therapy and anti-PD-1, TKI and locoregional intervention triple therapy were effective and tolerable treatments for postoperative refractory recurrent liver cancer. The latter treatment had a significantly better clinical benefit on survival outcomes.
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Objective:To investigate the effect of mandibular angle osteotomy on the morphological changes of mandible by using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scanning data and three-dimensional cephalometry.Methods:According to included and excluded criteria, the complete CBCT data of 20 female patients (aged 20-35 years with an average age of 25.5 years) from January 2016 to June 2018 who underwent curved mandibular angle osteotomy combined with splitting cortiectomy were selected. Seven items reflecting mandibular morphology before and after surgery were measured respectively. All the data were analyzed by the means of SPSS 12.0; linear correlation analysis and paired t test were used to evaluate the change of andibular morphology.Results:The measurement results of the mandible pre- and post-operative 10 days showed as follows: Go-Go decreased, both sides of Cd-Go, Go-Ri and MR-MA decreased, both sides of Go-Me became longer, both sides of Ar-Go-Me and MP-FH increased. The paired t-test results showed that there was significant difference before and after operation ( P<0.05), but there was no significant difference between the left and right measurement items ( P>0.05). Compared with that in 10 days after operation, the measurement items also changed 6 months after operation. There was no statistical difference between the above measurement items 6 months after surgery and 10 days after surgery ( P>0.05), and no statistical difference between the left and right sides ( P>0.05). Conclusions:The mandibular three-dimensional model which is reconstructed based on CBCT data, not only displays the three-dimensional anatomical structure that cannot be presented on X-ray film visually and comprehensively by means zoom, rotation and other operations, but also precisely and accurately shows the change of the shape of the mandible from the sagittal, coronal and horizontal plane with arbitrary cutting and rotation. The measurement of mandible is more accurate and reliable, and the surgical plan of mandibular angle osteotomy can be accurately planned preoperatively, and the operative effect can be quantitatively evaluated postoperatively.
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Objective:To investigate the clinical outcomes of personalized polyetheretherketone (PEEK) implant in the correction of nasolabial fold depression.Methods:A total of 30 patients with nasolabial fold depression (5 males, 25 females, aged 26 to 52 years, mean 36.3 years) admitted to the Affiliated Friendship Plastic Hospital of Nanjing Medical University who want to undergo nasolabial fold augmentation from January 2019 to January 2021. All patients underwent CBCT scan and three-dimensional simulation, the personalized PEEK implant was designed and produced with CAD/CAM technique, the personalized PEEK was implanted during the operation. The patients were followed up for 3-12 months, and the wrinkle score and satisfaction were compared before operation and 3 months and 6 months after operation.Results:The depressions of nasolabial fold were significantly improved in all patients, and there were no complications such as hematoma and infection after operation. During the follow-up, there was no implant displacement or exposure, and the effect was stable and lasting. The scores of wrinkles at 3 months after operation (2.30±0.47) and 6 months after operation (2.17±0.38) were significantly lower than those before operation (4.03±0.67), and the scores of satisfaction were significantly higher than those before operation ( P<0.05). The scores of satisfaction at 3 months after operation (3.97±0.56) and 6 months after operation (4.23±0.57) were significantly higher than those before operation (1.70±0.60). The difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05). Conclusions:3D printing personalized PEEK prosthesis is effective in correcting nasolabial fold depression, and it is safe and stable, so it is recommended for clinical application.
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Under the combination of postgraduate education and standardized medical residents training, via exploring current situation, we put forward the limitations of routine rotation training, disconnection of theory and practice, inefficient of scientific ability. We arouse a new model by improving teaching model, enriching teaching content, optimizing teaching method, making better arrangement of rotations and cultivating scientific ability to provide references for enhancing the ability of clinical thinking, practice, scientific research and communication.
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Objective:To analyze the influencing factors of death in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) combined with acute kidney injury (AKI) in intensive care unit (ICU) after continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT).Methods:The demographic and clinical data of ICU patients with ARDS combined with AKI after CRRT at Henan Provincial People's Hospital from January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2018 were collected. According to the final treatment results of this hospitalization, the patients were divided into death group and survival group. Survival was defined as the improved patient's condition and hospital discharge. Death was defined as the patient's death during the ICU hospitalization or confirmed death after abandoning treatment and automatically being discharged from the hospital in the follow-up. The basic clinical characteristics and CRRT status between the two groups were compared. Multivariate logistic regression method was used to analyze the influencing factors of death in patients.Results:A total of 132 patients were enrolled, of which 90 patients (68.2%) died, with 84 males (63.6%) and median age of 59(45, 73) years. Compared with the survival group, the death group had higher age, proportion of malignant tumors, sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score, number of organ dysfunction and proportion of positive balance of fluid accumulation at 72 hours, longer time from entering ICU to CRRT, and lower mean arterial pressure (minimum value) and oxygenation index (all P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis results showed that the age≥60 years old ( OR=4.382, 95% CI 1.543-12.440, P=0.006), large number of organ dysfunction ( OR=1.863, 95% CI 1.109-3.130, P=0.019), high SOFA score ( OR=1.231, 95% CI 1.067-1.420, P=0.004) and long time from ICU admission to CRRT ( OR=1.224, 95% CI 1.033~1.451, P=0.020) were independent influencing factors of death in patients with ARDS combined with AKI after CRRT, and high oxygenation index ( OR=0.992, 95% CI 0.986-0.998, P=0.010) was an independent protective factor for patients' prognosis. Conclusions:The mortality of patients with ARDS combined with AKI after CRRT is still high. The age≥60 years old, large number of organ dysfunction, high SOFA score and long time from ICU admission to CRRT are independent influencing factors for death, and high oxygenation index is an independent protective factor for prognosis in patients with ARDS combined with AKI after CRRT.