Changes in Plasma Amyloid-β Level and Their Relationship With White Matter Microstructure in Patients With Mild Cognitive Impairment / 中国医学科学院学报

Objective To investigate the changes in plasma amyloid-β (Aβ) level and their relationship with white matter microstructure in the patients with amnesic mild cognitive impairment(aMCI) and vascular mild cognitive impairment (vMCI).Methods A total of 36 aMCI patients,20 vMCI patients,and 34 sex and age matched healthy controls (HC) in the outpatient and inpatient departments of the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University were enrolled in this study.Neuropsychological scales,including the Mini-Mental State Examination,the Montreal Cognitive Assessment,and the Activity of Daily Living Scale,were employed to assess the participants.Plasma samples of all the participants were collected for the measurement of Aβ42 and Aβ40 levels.All the participants underwent magnetic resonance scanning to obtain diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) data.The DTI indexes of 48 white matter regions of each individual were measured (based on the ICBM-DTI-81 white-matter labels atlas developed by Johns Hopkins University),including fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD).The cognitive function,plasma Aβ42,Aβ40,and Aβ42/40 levels,and DTI index were compared among the three groups.The correlations between the plasma Aβ42/40 levels and DTI index of aMCI and vMCI patients were analyzed.Results The Mini-Mental State Examination and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment scores of aMCI and vMCI groups were lower than those of the HC group (all P<0.001).There was no significant difference in the Activity of Daily Living Scale score among the three groups (P=0.654).The plasma Aβ42 level showed no significant difference among the three groups (P=0.227).The plasma Aβ40 level in the vMCI group was higher than that in the HC group (P=0.014),while it showed no significant difference between aMCI and HC groups (P=1.000).The plasma Aβ42/40 levels in aMCI and vMCI groups showed no significant differences from that in the HC group (P=1.000,P=0.105),while the plasma Aβ42/40 level was lower in the vMCI group than in the aMCI group (P=0.016).The FA value of the left anterior limb of internal capsule in the vMCI group was lower than those in HC and aMCI groups (all P=0.001).The MD values of the left superior corona radiata,left external capsule,left cingulum (cingulate gyrus),and left superior fronto-occipital fasciculus in the vMCI group were higher than those in HC (P=0.024,P=0.001,P=0.003,P<0.001) and aMCI (P=0.015,P=0.004,P=0.019,P=0.001) groups,while the MD values of the right posterior limb of internal capsule (P=0.005,P=0.001) and left cingulum (hippocampus) (P=0.017,P=0.031) in the aMCI and vMCI groups were higher than those in the HC group.In the aMCI group,plasma Aβ42/40 level was positively correlated with FA of left posterior limb of internal capsule (r=0.403,P=0.015) and negatively correlated with MD of the right fonix (r=-0.395,P=0.017).In the vMCI group,plasma Aβ42/40 level was positively correlated with FA of the right superior cerebellar peduncle and the right anterior limb of internal capsule (r=0.575,P=0.008;r=0.639,P=0.002),while it was negatively correlated with MD of the right superior cerebellar peduncle and the right anterior limb of internal capsule (r=-0.558,P=0.011;r=-0.626,P=0.003).Conclusions Plasma Aβ levels vary differently in the patients with aMCI and vMCI.The white matter regions of impaired microstructural integrity differ in the patients with different dementia types in the early stage.The plasma Aβ levels in the patients with aMCI and vMCI are associated with the structural integrity of white matter,and there is regional specificity between them.

Incidence and prognosis of olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions related to infection of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron strain: a national multi-center survey of 35 566 population / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Objective: This cross-sectional investigation aimed to determine the incidence, clinical characteristics, prognosis, and related risk factors of olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions related to infection with the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron strain in mainland China. Methods: Data of patients with SARS-CoV-2 from December 28, 2022, to February 21, 2023, were collected through online and offline questionnaires from 45 tertiary hospitals and one center for disease control and prevention in mainland China. The questionnaire included demographic information, previous health history, smoking and alcohol drinking, SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, olfactory and gustatory function before and after infection, other symptoms after infection, as well as the duration and improvement of olfactory and gustatory dysfunction. The self-reported olfactory and gustatory functions of patients were evaluated using the Olfactory VAS scale and Gustatory VAS scale. Results: A total of 35 566 valid questionnaires were obtained, revealing a high incidence of olfactory and taste dysfunctions related to infection with the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron strain (67.75%). Females(χ2=367.013, P<0.001) and young people(χ2=120.210, P<0.001) were more likely to develop these dysfunctions. Gender(OR=1.564, 95%CI: 1.487-1.645), SARS-CoV-2 vaccination status (OR=1.334, 95%CI: 1.164-1.530), oral health status (OR=0.881, 95%CI: 0.839-0.926), smoking history (OR=1.152, 95%CI=1.080-1.229), and drinking history (OR=0.854, 95%CI: 0.785-0.928) were correlated with the occurrence of olfactory and taste dysfunctions related to SARS-CoV-2(above P<0.001). 44.62% (4 391/9 840) of the patients who had not recovered their sense of smell and taste also suffered from nasal congestion, runny nose, and 32.62% (3 210/9 840) suffered from dry mouth and sore throat. The improvement of olfactory and taste functions was correlated with the persistence of accompanying symptoms(χ2=10.873, P=0.001). The average score of olfactory and taste VAS scale was 8.41 and 8.51 respectively before SARS-CoV-2 infection, but decreased to3.69 and 4.29 respectively after SARS-CoV-2 infection, and recovered to 5.83and 6.55 respectively at the time of the survey. The median duration of olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions was 15 days and 12 days, respectively, with 0.5% (121/24 096) of patients experiencing these dysfunctions for more than 28 days. The overall self-reported improvement rate of smell and taste dysfunctions was 59.16% (14 256/24 096). Gender(OR=0.893, 95%CI: 0.839-0.951), SARS-CoV-2 vaccination status (OR=1.334, 95%CI: 1.164-1.530), history of head and facial trauma(OR=1.180, 95%CI: 1.036-1.344, P=0.013), nose (OR=1.104, 95%CI: 1.042-1.171, P=0.001) and oral (OR=1.162, 95%CI: 1.096-1.233) health status, smoking history(OR=0.765, 95%CI: 0.709-0.825), and the persistence of accompanying symptoms (OR=0.359, 95%CI: 0.332-0.388) were correlated with the recovery of olfactory and taste dysfunctions related to SARS-CoV-2 (above P<0.001 except for the indicated values). Conclusion: The incidence of olfactory and taste dysfunctions related to infection with the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron strain is high in mainland China, with females and young people more likely to develop these dysfunctions. Active and effective intervention measures may be required for cases that persist for a long time. The recovery of olfactory and taste functions is influenced by several factors, including gender, SARS-CoV-2 vaccination status, history of head and facial trauma, nasal and oral health status, smoking history, and persistence of accompanying symptoms.

Anatomical classification of and laparoscopic surgery for left-sided colorectal cancer with persistent descending mesocolon / 中华胃肠外科杂志

Objective: To investigate anatomical morphology and classification of persistent descending mesocolon (PDM) in patients with left-sided colorectal cancer, as well as the safety of laparoscopic radical surgery for these patients. Methods: This is a descriptive study of case series. Relevant clinical data of 995 patients with left colon and rectal cancer who had undergone radical surgery in Fujian Medical University Union Hospital from July 2021 to September 2022 were extracted from the colorectal surgery database of our institution and retrospectively analyzed. Twenty-four (2.4%) were identified as PDM and their imaging data and intra-operative videos were reviewed. We determined the distribution and morphology of the descending colon and mesocolon, and evaluated the feasibility and complications of laparoscopic surgery. We classified PDM according to its anatomical characteristics as follows: Type 0: PDM combined with malrotation of the midgut or persistent ascending mesocolon; Type 1: unfixed mesocolon at the junction between transverse and descending colon; Type 2: PDM with descending colon shifted medially (Type 2A) or to the right side (Type 2B) of the abdominal aorta at the level of the origin of the inferior mesentery artery (IMA); and Type 3: the mesocolon of the descending-sigmoid junction unfixed and the descending colon shifted medially and caudally to the origin of IMA. Results: The diagnosis of PDM was determined based on preoperative imaging findings in 9 of the 24 patients (37.5%) with left-sided colorectal cancer, while the remaining diagnoses were made during intraoperative assessment. Among 24 patients, 22 were male and 2 were female. The mean age was (63±9) years. We classified PDM as follows: Type 0 accounted for 4.2% (1/24); Type 1 for 8.3% (2/24); Types 2A and 2B for 37.5% (9/24) and 25.0% (6/24), respectively; and Type 3 accounted for 25.0% (6/24). All patients with PDM had adhesions of the mesocolon that required adhesiolysis. Additionally, 20 (83.3%) of them had adhesions between the mesentery of the ileum and colon. Twelve patients (50.0%) required mobilization of the splenic flexure. The inferior mesenteric artery branches had a common trunk in 14 patients (58.3%). Twenty-four patients underwent D3 surgery without conversion to laparotomy; the origin of the IMA being preserved in 22 (91.7%) of them. Proximal colon ischemia occurred intraoperatively in two patients (8.3%) who had undergone high ligation at the origin of the IMA. One of these patients had a juxta-anal low rectal cancer and underwent intersphincteric abdominoperineal resection because of poor preoperative anal function. Laparoscopic subtotal colectomy was considered necessary for the other patient. The duration of surgery was (260±100) minutes and the median estimated blood loss was 50 (20-200) mL. The median number of No. 253 lymph nodes harvested was 3 (0-20), and one patient (4.2%) had No.253 nodal metastases. The median postoperative hospital stay was 8 (4-23) days, and the incidence of complications 16.7% (4/24). There were no instances of postoperative colon ischemia or necrosis observed. One patient (4.2%) with stage IIA rectal cancer developed Grade B (Clavien-Dindo III) anastomotic leak and underwent elective ileostomy. The other complications were Grade I-II. Conclusions: PDM is frequently associated with mesenteric adhesions. Our proposed classification can assist surgeons in identifying the descending colon and mesocolon during adhesion lysis in laparoscopic surgery. It is crucial to protect the colorectal blood supply at the resection margin to minimize the need for unplanned extended colectomy, the Hartmann procedure, or permanent stomas.

Arthroscopic assistance of latissimus dorsi tendon transposition for the treatment of unrepairable rotator cuff tear / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To explore clinical effect of arthroscopy-assisted rotator cuff tendon transfer in treating irreparable rotator cuff tears (IRCT).@*METHODS@#From May 2015 to May 2018, 23 patients with unrepairable rotator cuff tears were treated with arthroscopy-assisted rotator cuff tendon transfer, and 21 patients were followed up finally, including 8 males and 13 females, aged from 48 to 82 years old with an average of(64.3±9.1) years old;the courses of disease ranged from 6 to 36 months with an average of (14.0±6.4) months. American Rotator and Elbow Surgeons Score(ASES) and Constant-Murley score were used to evaluate clinical efficacy before surgery and at the latest follow-up.@*RESULTS@#All 21 patients were followed up for 36 to 54 months with an average of (39.4±4.4) months. Axillary incision of 1 patient was redness, swelling and exudation after surgery, which healed after 3 weeks of dressing change, and exudate culture was negative. At the latest follow-up, MRI showed partial tearing of the metastatic tendon in 2 patients, but pain and movement of the affected shoulder were still better than before surgery. ASES increased from preoperative (41.0±9.6) scores to the latest follow-up (75.6±14.0) scores, and had statistical difference (t=10.50, P<0.01). Constant-Murley score increased from (49.8±7.1) scores before operation to (67.5±11.6) scores at the latest follow-up (t=11.27, P<0.01).@*CONCLUSION@#Arthroscopic assisted latissimus dorsalis tendon transposition restores physiological and anatomical structure of glenohumeral joint by reconstructing balance of horizontal and vertical couples of shoulder joint, thus achieving the stability of the shoulder joint, relieving shoulder pain and improving shoulder joint function.

Salvianolic acid A contributes to cartilage endplate cell restoration by regulating miR-940 and miR-576-5p / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate whether Salvianolic acid A (SAA) can restore cartilage endplate cell degeneration of intervertebral discs and to identify the mechanism via regulation of micro-RNA.@*METHODS@#Cartilage endplate cells were isolated from lumbar intervertebral disc surgical samples and were treated with serum containing a series of concentrations of SAA (2, 5, and 10 ?M) for 24, 48, and 72 h to identify a proper dose and treatment time of SAA. The effect SAA on interlenkin-1β (IL-1β)-induced extracellular matrix degradation of cartilage endplate cells were analyzed by Alcian blue staining and assessment of the expression levels of ADAMTS-5, MMP3 and Col2a1. Further, the potential target miRNAs were preliminarily screened by micro-RNA sequencing combining qRT-PCR and Western blot, and then, the miRNAs mimics and inhibitors were used to verify the regulatory effect of SAA on potential target miRNAs.@*RESULTS@#The 10 μM SAA treatment for 48 h significantly enhanced the viability of cartilage endplate cells, and increased Col2a1 expression and glycosaminoglycan accumulation that were repressed by IL-1β, and reduced the effect of IL-1β on ADAMTS-5, and MMP3. Screening analysis based on micro-RNA sequencing and Venny analysis identified the downstream micro-RNAs, including miR-940 and miR-576-5p. Then, the miR-940-mimic or miR-576-5p-mimic were transfected into CEPCs. Compared with the SAA group, the expression of ADAMTS-5 and MMP3 increased significantly and the expression of COL2A1 obviously decreased after overexpression of miR-940 or miR-576-5p in CEPCs.@*CONCLUSION@#Salvianolic acid A attenuated the IL-1β-induced extracellular matrix degradation of cartilage endplate cells by targeting regulate the miR-940 and the miR-576-5p.

Efficacy of implantable collamer lens V4c implantation in the treatment of high myopia / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM:To observe the effect of implantable collamer lens V4c(ICL V4c)implantation on high myopia, and the changes in anterior segment morphology.METHODS:A prospective study was conducted on 100 patients(200 eyes)with high myopia who were treated with ICL V4c implantation in the hospital from February 2018 to March 2021. The best corrected visual acuity(BCVA), uncorrected visual acuity(UCVA), intraocular pressure, higher-order aberration, anterior segment morphology [iridocorneal angle(ICA), central anterior chamber depth(ACD), anterior chamber volume(ACV), central corneal thickness(CCT)and K-value(K)], photopic and scotopic contrast sensitivity before operation and 6 and 12mo after operation were comparatively analyzed.RESULTS:All patients were followed-up. UCVA and BCVA were significantly improved at 6 and 12mo after operation(P&#x003C;0.05). Total higher-order aberration, horizontal coma and vertical coma showed no significant difference before and after operation(P&#x003E;0.05). Spherical aberration, ICA, ACD and ACV at 6 and 12mo after operation were significantly smaller than those before operation(P&#x003C;0.05). Under photopic state, the contrast sensitivity of 3.0 and 6.0 c/d was significantly higher at 6 and 12mo after operation when compared with that before operation(P&#x003C;0.05). Under scotopic state, the contrast sensitivity of 6.0 c/d was significantly higher at 6 and 12mo after operation when compared with that before operation(P&#x003C;0.05); there was no significant difference in CCT, K, or intraocular pressure before and after operation(P&#x003E;0.05).CONCLUSION:Although ICA, ACD and ACV in patients with high myopia are reduced after ICL V4c implantation, the operation can effectively improve visual acuity and visual quality.

Study on the related factors of antiviral treatment in previously reported hepatitis C patients based on the Andersen model / 中华肝脏病杂志

Objective: To understand the basic characteristics of previously reported patients with hepatitis C and analyze the related factors affecting their antiviral treatment. Methods: A convenient sampling method was adopted. Patients who had been previously diagnosed with hepatitis C in the Wenshan Prefecture of Yunnan Province and Xuzhou City of Jiangsu Province were contacted by telephone for an interview study. The Andersen health service utilization behavior model and related literature were used to design the research framework for antiviral treatment in previously reported hepatitis C patients. A step-by-step multivariate regression analysis was used in previously reported hepatitis C patients treated with antiviral therapy. Results: A total of 483 hepatitis C patients, aged 51.73 ± 12.06 years, were investigated. The proportion of male, agricultural occupants who were registered permanent residents, farmers and migrant workers was 65.24%, 67.49%, and 58.18%, respectively. Han ethnicity (70.81%), married (77.02%), and junior high school and below educational level (82.61%) were the main ones. Multivariate logistic regression analysis results showed that married patients with hepatitis C (OR = 3.19, 95% CI: 1.93-5.25, compared with unmarried, divorced, and widowed patients) with high school education or above (OR = 2.54, 95% CI: 1.54-4.20, compared with patients with junior high school education or below) were more likely to receive antiviral treatment in the predisposition module. Patients with severe self-perceived hepatitis C in the need factor module (compared with patients with mild self-perceived disease, OR = 3.36, 95% CI: 2.09-5.40) were more likely to receive treatment. In the competency module, the family's per capita monthly income was more than 1,000 yuan (compared with patients with per capita monthly income below 1,000 yuan, OR = 1.59, 95% CI: 1.02-2.47), and the patients had a high level of awareness of hepatitis C knowledge (compared with patients with a low level of knowledge, OR = 1.54, 95% CI: 1.01-2.35), and the family members who knew the patient's infection status (compared with patients with an unknown infection status, OR = 4.59, 95% CI: 2.24-9.39) were more likely to receive antiviral treatment. Conclusion: Different income, educational, and marital statuses are related to antiviral treatment behavior in hepatitis C patients. Family support of hepatitis C patients receiving hepatitis C-related knowledge and their families knowing the infection status is more important in promoting the antiviral treatment of patients, suggesting that in the future, we should further strengthen the hepatitis C knowledge of hepatitis C patients, especially the family support of hepatitis C patients' families in treatment.

Somatotype characteristics of Lisu and Dulong adolescents aged 13-18 in Nujiang Lisu autonomous prefecture of Yunnan Province / 解剖学报

Objective To explore the somatotype characteristics and rules of Lisu and Dulong adolescents aged 13-18 years, and to analyze their annual somatotype differences. Methods According to the method of human bod)' measurement, through the measurement of 10 related indexes, using Heath-Carter bod)' type evaluation method, 634 cases (328 boys, 306 girls) Lisu and Dulong teenagers bod)' type evaluation. Results The average bod)' size of male and female students of Lisu ethnic group was of balanced mesoderm type (2. 9-4. 8-3. 3) and endoderm type (4. 7-4. 8-2. 8) . The average body size of male and female students of Dulong nationality is mesoderm type (3 . 1-3. 9-2. 1) and mesoderm type (5 . 2 - 4 . 6 - 1 . 6) . Among the 10 test indexes, there were significant differences in height, body weight, intercondylar diameter of humerus and intercondylar diameter of femur (P < 0. 01) . There were significant differences in height, intercondylar diameter of humerus and intercondylar diameter of femur among female students (P<0. 0 1) . Conclusion In Yunnan Province, adolescents of Lisu and Dulong ethnic groups generally have the body type characteristics of southern ethnic groups, but the body type difference between the two ethnic groups is great, and only has the characteristics of similar stage, age and body type.

Clinical observation of chiropractic manipulation in the treatment of degenerative scoliosis / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To observe clinical efficacy of chiropractic manipulation in the treatment of degenerative scoliosis (DS).@*METHODS@#From June 2017 to September 2019, 120 patients with degenerative scoliosis were randomly divided into treatment group (60 cases) and control group(60 cases). The patients in treatment group were treated with chiropractic manipulation once every other day for 4 weeks. The patients in control group were treated with eperisone hydrochloride tablets combined with thoracolumbar orthopedic(TSLO)brace, oral eperisone hydrochloride tablets 50 mg three times a day, wearing TSLO brace for not less than 8 hours a day. The course of treatment was 4 weeks. After the patients were selected into the group, visual analogue scale (VAS) and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) were recorded before treatment, 1, 2, 3, 4 weeks after treatment and 1 month after treatment. The full length X-ray of the spine was taken before and 4 weeks after treatment, and the scoliosis Cobb angle, sagittal vertical axis (SVA) and lumbar lordosis (LL) were measured and compared. The adverse reactions during the treatment were recorded.@*RESULTS@#There were significant differences in VAS and ODI between two groups at each time point after treatment (P<0.001), VAS and ODI at 2 weeks after treatment (PVAS=0.025, PODI=0.032) and 3 weeks after treatment(PVAS=0.040, PODI=0.044) in treatment group were significantly different from those in control group, but there was no significant difference in VAS and ODI at other time points between treatment group and control group (P>0.05). There was significant difference in Cobb angle between treatment group(P=0.010) and control group(P=0.017) after treatment, but there was no significant difference in LL and SVA between treatment group and control group. There was no significant difference in Cobb angle, LL and SVA between two groups before and after treatment. During the treatment, there were 4 mild adverse reactions in the control group and no adverse reactions in the treatment group.@*CONCLUSION@#Chiropractic manipulation can effectively relieve pain and improve lumbar function in patients with degenerative scoliosis. The onset of action is faster than that oral eperisone hydrochloride tablets combined with TSLO brace, and it has better safety and can improve Cobb angle of patients with degenerative scoliosis.

Quantitative Study on Kinematics of Ankle Rotating-Traction-Poking Manipulation for Treating Acute Lateral Ankle Sprain / 医用生物力学

Objective To quantify operation characteristics of the ankle rotating-traction-poking manipulation (RTPM) for treating acute lateral ankle sprain by using motion capture technology, so as to provide objective references for standardized operation of RTPM and its education inheritance. Methods A professional physiotherapist performed the RTPM on 60 volunteers with acute lateral ankle sprain. Motion capture system was used to acquire effective kinematic data during the RTPM, so as to make analysis and summarize rules. Results The average time of ankle rotating for six circles was 11.36 s and the average time of ankle traction and poking was 3.42 s. The average displacement of ankle traction was 36.94 mm and the average displacement of ankle poking was 22.44 mm. The average angle of ankle traction was 23.27°, and the average angle of ankle poking was 22.76°. During the RTPM for treating acute lateral ankle sprain, the average linear velocity of ankle rotating was 58.28 mm/s, and the average linear velocity of ankle traction and poking was 23.81 mm/s. The linear acceleration of ankle rotating was 0.43 mm/s2, and the linear acceleration of ankle traction and poking was 0.54 mm/s2. Conclusions The RTPM can be applied in clinical practice. During the RTMP, the principle of gentleness, rhythmicity and continuity should be followed. Under the premise of following physiological characteristics of ankle joint, treatment of the sprained ankle should be carried out with slow and uniform speed continuously.

Influence of degenerative scoliosis on the treatment of lumbar spinal stenosis by MIS-TLIF / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate the effect of degenerative scoliosis on the difficulty and efficacy of minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion(MIS-TLIF) in the treatment of lumbar spinal stenosis.@*METHODS@#From September 2016 to September 2019, 52 patients with lumbar spinal stenosis treated by MIS-TLIF were retrospectively analyzed, including 16 males and 36 females, aged from 42 to 71(63.44±5.96) years old, the course of disease from 1.5 to 6.5 years, with an average of (3.69±1.10) years. All patients had lower extremity root pain or numbness, 41 patients had intermittent claudication. There were 31 cases of L@*RESULTS@#All patients were followed up for 12 to 36 months, with an average of (19.58±5.33) months. The operation time and intraoperative bleeding in stenosis group were better than those in scoliosis group (@*CONCLUSION@#For patients with lumbar spinal stenosis undergoing MIS-TLIF, degenerative scoliosis can lead to prolonged operation time and increased bleeding. However, it has no significant effect on therelief of postoperative symptoms, postoperative complications and the recovery of lumbar function.

Effect of ginsenoside metabolite compound K on migration and invasion of human hepatocellular carcinoma line HepG2 / 中国药理学通报

Aim To investigate the effect of ginsen-oside metabolite compound K ( CK) on migration and invasion of human hepatocellular carcinoma line HepG2, and the possible signaling pathway underlying these processes .Methods HepG2 cells were exposed to ginsenoside CK (0, 10, 20, 40, 80 μmol· L-1 ) for 24 h.The cell viability was examined by MTT as-say, and the ability of migration and invasion was ob-served with the wound healing and transwell assay .The expression of E-cadherin , N-cadherin and other related signal molecules such as p-ERK, ERK, p-Akt, Akt were detected by Western blot .Results The cell via-bility was significantly reduced by ginsenoside CK (20, 40, 80 μmol· L-1) (P<0.01).The ability of cell migration and invasion was significantly inhibited after exposure to ginsenoside CK .After treatment with ginsenoside CK (20, 40, 80 μmol · L-1 ) in HepG2 cells, the expression of E-cadherin markedly in-creased, while N-cadherin expression significantly de-creased.Meanwhile, the expression of p-ERK and p-Akt decreased after treated with ginsenoside CK .Con-clusion Ginsenoside CK inhibits the migration and invasion of human hepatocellular carcinoma line HepG2, which may be through suppression of ERK and Akt signaling .

Clinical analysis of vocal fold firbrous mass / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To explore the character of laryngoscopy finding, voice, and therapy of vocal fold fibrous mass.@*METHODS@#Clinical data, morphology, voice character, surgery and pathology of 15 cases with vocal fold fibrous mass were analyzed.@*RESULTS@#The morbidity of vocal fold fibrous mass might be related to overuse of voice and laryngopharyngeal reflex. Laryngoscopy revealed shuttle line appearance, smoothness and decreased mucosal wave of vocal fold. These patients were invalid for voice training and might be improved by surgery, but recovery is slow.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The morbidity of vocal fold fibrous mass might be related to overuse of voice and laryngopharyngeal reflex. Conservative treatment is ineffective for this disease, and surgery might improve.

Effect of Strengthening Training of Hip Muscles on Functional Ankle Instability / 中国康复理论与实践

Objective To observe the effect of strengthening training of hip muscles on functional ankle instability (FAI). Methods From May, 2015 to June, 2016, 40 patients with FAI were randomly divided into control group (n=20) and observation group (n=20). Both groups were treated with routine exercise training including muscle strength and proprioceptive training of the ankle joint, while the treat-ment group received hip muscle strength training in addition, for six weeks. They were evaluated with hip force assessment, postural stabili-ty assessment, Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT) and Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool (CAIT). Results There was no significant differ-ence in all the indexes between two groups before treatment (P>0.05). After treatment, the peak torques of hip muscles increased in the ob-servation group (t>3.528, P<0.01);the overall stability index, anteroposterior stability index, middle-lateral stability index decreased in both groups (t>2.360, P<0.05);the distance of eight direction in SEBT increased in both groups (t>2.254, P<0.05);the score of CAIT increased in both groups (t>3.268, P<0.01). All the above indexes were better in the observation group than in the control group (t>2.161, P<0.05). Conclusion Strengthening training of hip muscle, based on conventional ankle muscle strength and proprioceptive training, could facilitate to improve FAI.

Effect of Strengthening Training of Hip Muscles on Functional Ankle Instability / 中国康复理论与实践

Objective To observe the effect of strengthening training of hip muscles on functional ankle instability (FAI). Methods From May, 2015 to June, 2016, 40 patients with FAI were randomly divided into control group (n=20) and observation group (n=20). Both groups were treated with routine exercise training including muscle strength and proprioceptive training of the ankle joint, while the treat-ment group received hip muscle strength training in addition, for six weeks. They were evaluated with hip force assessment, postural stabili-ty assessment, Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT) and Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool (CAIT). Results There was no significant differ-ence in all the indexes between two groups before treatment (P>0.05). After treatment, the peak torques of hip muscles increased in the ob-servation group (t>3.528, P<0.01);the overall stability index, anteroposterior stability index, middle-lateral stability index decreased in both groups (t>2.360, P<0.05);the distance of eight direction in SEBT increased in both groups (t>2.254, P<0.05);the score of CAIT increased in both groups (t>3.268, P<0.01). All the above indexes were better in the observation group than in the control group (t>2.161, P<0.05). Conclusion Strengthening training of hip muscle, based on conventional ankle muscle strength and proprioceptive training, could facilitate to improve FAI.

miR-10a inhibits cell proliferation and promotes cell apoptosis by targeting BCL6 in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma

The BCL6 (B-Cell Lymphoma 6) gene is a proto-oncogene that is often expressed in diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCLs). BCL6 loss of function can kill DLBCL cells, demonstrating that BCL6 is necessary for the survival of DLBCL cells and could be a therapeutic target. In this study, we found that BCL6 protein levels were consistently upregulated in DLBCL tissues, whereas its mRNA levels varied randomly in tissues, suggesting that a post-transcriptional mechanism was involved in BCL6 regulation. We used bioinformatics analysis to search for miRNAs, which potentially target BCL6, and identified specific targeting sites for miR-10a in the 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) of BCL6. We further identified an inverse correlation between miR-10a levels and BCL6 protein levels, but not mRNA levels, in DLBCL tumor tissue samples. By overexpressing or knocking down miR-10a in DLBCL cells, we experimentally validated that miR-10a directly recognizes the 3'-UTR of the BCL6 transcript and regulated BCL6 expression. Furthermore, we demonstrated that negatively regulating BCL6 by miR-10a suppressed the proliferation and promoted apoptosis of DLBCL cells.

Research advances in integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine diagnosis and treatment of minimal hepatic encephalopathy / 临床肝胆病杂志

Minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE) is a common complication in the progression of liver cirrhosis, and cando great harm to patients and the society. This disease has hidden clinical symptoms, and fine intelligence tests and nerve electrophysiological examination can find abnormalities in intelligence and mental status. If no treatment is given in time, MHE can easily progress to hepatic encephalopathy. Therefore, it is important to clarify the pathogenesis of MHE and give a definite diagnosis. MHE has a complex pathogenesis, and scholars at home and abroad have put forward various hypotheses based on in-depth studies. In recent years, great achievements have been made in traditional Chinese and Western medicine for the treatment of MHE. This article reviews resarch advances in the pathogenesis of MHE worldwide and achievements in the diagnosis and treatment of MHE based on traditional Chinese and Western medicine.

Routine Hemostasis and Hemogram Parameters: Valuable Assessments for Coagulation Disorder and Chemotherapy in Cancer Patients / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>The clotting system abnormalities are the common complication in cancer patients. The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the coagulation state, clinical features, and treatment in cancer patients by routine tests.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 2328 patients with different types of cancer were classified as the positive group (n = 1419, including 53 patients with thrombosis) and the negative group (n = 909) based on D-dimer (DD) value. Of the 2328 cases, 354 were admitted for chemotherapy. Hemostasis test and complete blood count (CBC) were performed during treatment or following-up.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>This study showed that the hypercoagulable state was affected not only by clinical staging (P < 0.0001) but also by metastasis site (P < 0.0001 for bone vs. lung). Compared to negative DD group, the higher fibrinogen level, the extended activated partial thromboplastin time, and prothrombin time interacted markedly with disease clinical stage (P < 0.05) in the positive group. Between positive DD groups with and without thrombus, the significantly statistic difference in white blood cell (WBC) and DD (P < 0.05) rather than in red blood cell (RBC) and platelet count was observed. However, the higher DD level was not correlated with WBC, RBC, and platelet count in the positive DD group. Furthermore, the hypercoagulable plasma profile in cancer patients was moderated 2-3 weeks after chemotherapy (P < 0.05 for first six cycles).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The routine hemostatic parameters and CBC are valuable to assessment for thrombosis and chemotherapy even for disease prognosis.</p>

Study on the risk of HBV infection among spouses of HBsAg carriers / 中华流行病学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the risk of HBV infection among the spouses of hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg) carriers and to provide a reference for developing strategies on hepatitis B control and prevention.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A case-control study including HBsAg carriers aged 20 - 45 years-old from the nationwide sero-epidemiological survey for Hepatitis B in both Guangdong and Jiangxi provinces in 2006, together with their spouses were selected as case group, while. HBsAg negative persons and their spouses were among the control groups, under the same residential areas, gender, age and age of marriage to the HBsAg carriers. Questionnaire survey and hepatitis B serological markers detection were carried out, together with the HBV genotype detection among the HBsAg positive couples between husband and wife by PCR.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Among the spouses of HBsAg carriers, the positive rate of HBsAg was 13.21%, while the rate was 6.29% for the spouse of HBsAg negative population, with difference statistically significant (χ² = 4.23, P < 0.05). HBsAg positive rate among spouses of the case group was higher than that in the control group. Among the spouses of HBsAg carriers, the HBsAg rate was positively correlated with the age of marriage, frequency of sexual intercourse and condom use. There were 21 pairs of HBsAg carriers between husband and wife, and HBV were isolated among 13 pairs, and there were 11 pairs carrying the same HBV genotype, accounting for 84.62%. HBV genotypes would include 8 pairs of type B and 3 pairs of type C. However, only 2 pairs were infected with different HBV genotype.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>High risks of HBV infection existed in the spouses of HBsAg carriers. It was important to ask the HBsAg carriers to take the initiative in informing their spouses, and carrying out the appropriate measures, such as safe sex or timely hepatitis B vaccination for the spouse of HBsAg carriers etc., so as to reduce the HBV transmission between husband and wife.</p>

Endoscopic transnasal prelacrimal recess-maxillary sinus approach for tumors in the pterygopalatine fossa / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the application of endoscopic transnasal prelacrimal recess-maxillary sinus approach in surgery for lesions in the pterygopalatine fossa.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Five patients with tumors of pterygopalatine fossa were treated by endoscopic transnasal prelacrimal recess-maxillary sinus surgery between May 2008 and May 2011. The lesions treated included 4 schwannoma. and 1 neurofibroma. The operation began with endoscopic transnasal lateral nasal wall approach to maxillary sinus. Then after opening posterior wall of maxillary sinus, the pterygopalatine fossa was entered and the tumor was removed. The operation was performed under hypotension anaesthesia.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The tumors were removed totally in all 5 patients. No complication was found. After the surgery, all patients fully recovered and were discharged from the hospital in 5 to 12 days. No recurrence and death occurred during the follow up periods ranging from 5 to 28 months.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Endoscopic transnasal prelacrimal recess-maxillary sinus approach is safe and effective management for benign tumors in the pterygopalatine fossa. This approach reserved nasolacrimal duct and turbinate, maintained the structure and function of the nose, with decreased morbidity and shorter recovery periods.</p>