Accuracy of a continuous glucose monitoring system in detection of blood glucose during oral glucose tolerance test / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the accuracy of continuous glucose monitoring system (CGMS) during oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in the detection of blood glucose changes in glucose stress condition.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Forty-nine out-patients with fasting plasma glucose of 3.9-11.0 mmol/L underwent continuous blood glucose monitoring using CGMS for 3 days, and OGTT was conducted on the third day. The venous blood glucose was measured at 0, 30, 60, 90, and 120 min after oral glucose intake, and the accuracy of CGMS during OGTT was evaluated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The correlation indices between CGMS values and the venous blood glucose values during the entire OGTT and in phases of stable, rapidly rising and falling glucose levels were 0.928, 0.901, 0.924 and 0.902, respectively (P<0.001). Clarke error-grid analysis showed that more than 95% of the measured results fell into the A and B zones.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>CGMS values show good consistency with venous blood glucose values measured during OGTT. CGMS is accurate in detection of rapidly changing blood glucose during OGTT.</p>

Effect of short-term intensive therapy with glimepiride and metformin in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the effect of short-term intensive therapy on blood glucose control, BETA-cell function, and blood lipid levels in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Out-patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients were enrolled for intensive treatment with sulfonylureas and metformin for 12 weeks, and the therapeutic effect was evaluated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After the intensive treatment, FPG, 2 hPG, and HbA1c decreased significantly (P<0.01); HOMA-IR decreased and HOMA-B increased significantly (P<0.01), and TG, CHOL, LDL decreased significantly (P<0.01) after the treatment.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Short-term intensive treatment with glimepiride combined with metformin is safe and effective in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients with HbA1c>9%.</p>

Epidemiological investigation of diabetes and prediabetes in community residents in the suburbs of Guangzhou / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To identify the prevalence and risk factors of diabetes and prediabetes in the community residents above 18 years old in the suburbs of Guangzhou.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Between April and May in 2008, the residents above 18 years living in 6 communities of Guangzhou for 5 or more years were sampled with multistage clustering sampling. The sampled residents were surveyed by questionnaires, and physical examination and glucose determination were carried out.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 1532 residents were sampled. The incidence of diabetes mellitus in these community residents was 8.46%, and that of impaired glucose regulation was 6.59%. Age, body mass index, family history of diabetes mellitus, case history of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, hypertension and smoking were all the independent risk factors for impaired glucose regulation and diabetes mellitus.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Diabetes and prediabetes are prevalent in the community residents in Guangzhou. Controlling the risk factors such as obesity, hypertension, lipid metabolism disorder among the residents above 40 years with a family history of diabetes mellitus and hypertension is key to prevention of impaired glucose regulation and diabetes mellitus.</p>

Association of blood glucose fluctuation with the pain sensation in patients with painful diabetic neuropathy / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the relationship between blood glucose fluctuation and the pain sensation in patients with painful diabetic neuropathy.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The severity of pain in 16 patients with painful diabetic neuropathy was assessed using visual analog scale (VAS), and according to the results, the patients were divided into mild to moderate pain group and severe pain group. The blood glucose of the patients were monitored continuously for 72 h using a continuous glucose monitoring system, and the MBG, SD, DMMG, MAGE, and AUCPG were obtained with the FBG and HbA1C tested.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The SD, DMMG, and MAGE of the severe pain group were all significantly higher than those of the mild to moderate pain group (P<0.05), and no significant difference was found in MBG, FBG or HbA1c between the two groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The blood glucose fluctuation is associated with the severity of the pain degree, and effective control of the blood glucose fluctuation helps prevent and treat painful diabetic neuropathy.</p>

Association of serum interleukin-6 and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels with insulin resistance in gestational diabetes mellitus / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the association of serum concentration of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) with insulin resistance in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Forty normal pregnant women (NGT group) and 23 women with GDM (GDM group) were enrolled in this study with another 25 women of child-bearing age as the control group. Radio immunoassay (RIA) was used to measure the fasting serum IL-6 levels, and immunoturbidimetry performed to evaluate serum hs-CRP levels. The homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and the homeostasis model assessment-B (HOMA-B) were calculated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with NGT group and control group, GDM group had significantly elevated serum IL-6 and hs-CRP (P<0.01), but the levels were comparable between the former two groups (P>0.05). HOMA-IR was the highest in GDM group (P<0.001), and NGT group had significantly higher HOMA-IR than the control group (P<0.05), whereas the reverse was true for HOMA-B (P<0.01). Pearson correlation analysis showed that fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting insulin (FINS), IL-6 and hs-CRP had significant association with HOMA-IR (P<0.01). Multiple regression analysis identified FINS, FBG, IL-6, and hs-CRP as the factors significantly affecting HOMA-IR (regression coefficient of 0.563, 0.992, 0.325, and 0.231, respectively, P<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Serum levels of IL-6 and hs-CRP are elevated in women with GDM, which are the most significant factors affecting HOMA-IR. IL-6 and CRP may aggravate insulin resistance through various mechanisms and participate in the pathogenesis of GDM.</p>