The chemical constituents and hypoglycemic activity of alcoholic extract of sea buckthorn leaves / 药学学报

The purpose of this research is to identify the chemical constituents of sea buckthorn leaves extract (SBLE) and explore its hypoglycemic biological activity. SBLE was prepared by hot reflux extraction with 65% ethanol, and its chemical composition was analyzed by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-photodiode array-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (UHPLC-PDA-MS/MS) system. The animal experiments were compliant with ethical principles for animal use and had been approved by the Animal Experiment Ethics Committee of Jinan University. Mice were injected with streptozocin (STZ) to establish a hyperglycemic animal model, and SBLE (1.5 g·kg-1) was administered by gavage for 5 weeks. The fasting blood glucose (FBG) and oral glucose tolerance were detected. Normal mice were given SBLE (1.5 g·kg-1) by intragastric administration for 10 days, and blood was collected from the tail vein to detect the changes in blood glucose within 120 min after sucrose or starch loading. The mucous membrane of the small intestine of mice was taken to detect the activity of α-glucosidase (AG), and the activity of yeast-derived AG incubated with SBLE was evaluated. The glucose uptake by Caco-2 cells treated with SBLE was detected by fluorescence microscopy and cytometry, and the gene expression of sodium-dependent glucose transporter 1 (SGLT1) and glucose transporter 2 (GLUT2) in Caco-2 cells were detected by real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR). A total of 18 compounds were identified, mainly including tannins and flavonoids. SBLE reduced FBG and increased oral glucose tolerance in STZ hyperglycemic mice. SBLE effectively inhibited the increase of blood glucose caused by starch intake in normal mice. SBLE exerted good inhibitory activity on yeast-derived AG (IC50 = 16.94 μg·mL-1) and small intestinal mucosa AG with an inhibition rate of 15.48%. SBLE (25-100 μg·mL-1) dose-dependently inhibited glucose uptake by Caco-2 cells, and SBLE significantly reduced the mRNA level of SGLT1 without changing the expression of GLUT2. In conclusion, the UHPLC characteristic fingerprint of SBLE is established with 18 chemical components identified by mass spectrometry, and SBLE exerts hypoglycemic effect by inhibiting the activity of AG and the absorption of glucose by intestinal epithelial cells.

Clinical study of intercondylar fossa formation to prevent intercondylar fossa impingement after high tibia osteotomy / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To observe the clinical efficacy of intercondylar fossa plasty in preventing intercondylar fossa impingement syndrome after high tibial osteotomy.@*METHODS@#From August 2018 to August 2020, 84 patients with inverted knee osteoarthritis were treated by arthroscopy combined with high tibial osteotomy, and were divided into two groups with 42 cases in each group according to different surgical methods. In the intercondylar fossa plasty group, there were 13 males and 29 females, age ranged from 52 to 67 years old with an average of(58.27±4.32) years old, and arthroscopic intercondylar fossa plasty was performed first, and then high tibial osteotomy. In the arthroscopic cleansing group, 16 males and 26 females, age ranged from 50 to 71 years old with an average of (59.02±5.14) years old, underwent arthroscopic cleansing and then high tibial osteotomy. Postoperative treatment was evaluated using visual analogue scale(VAS), hospital for special surgery (HSS) score for the knee, and the occurrence of intercondylar percussa impingement.@*RESULTS@#All 84 patients were followed up, the duration ranged from 12 to 18 months with an average of (14.1±1.6) months. The VAS and HSS score of knee joint at 6, 12 and 18 months after surgery were significantly improved compared with preoperative period, and there was no significant difference between the two groups (P>0.05), but the incidence of intercondylar fossa index and intercondylar fossa impact between the two groups was significantly compared 18 months after surgery (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Intercondylar fossa plasty can effectively prevent the incidence of intercondylar fossa impact after high tibial osteotomy, and has a more significant effect on postoperative knee pain and function improvement.

Analysis of the efficacy of endoscopic transnasal surgery for sinonasal and skull base adenoid cystic carcinoma / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of endoscopic transnasal surgery for sinonasal and skull base adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC), and to analyze the prognostic factors. Methods: Data of 82 patients (43 females and 39 males, at a median age of 49 years old) with sinonasal and skull base ACC who were admitted to XuanWu Hospital, Capital Medical University between June 2007 and June 2021 were analyzed retrospectively. The patients were staged according to American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) 8th edition. The disease overall survival(OS) and disease-free survival(DFS) rates were calculated by Kaplan-Meier analysis. Cox regression model was used for multivariate prognostic analysis. Results: There were 4 patients with stage Ⅱ, 14 patients with stage Ⅲ, and 64 patients with stage Ⅳ. The treatment strategies included purely endoscopic surgery (n=42), endoscopic surgery plus radiotherapy (n=32) and endoscopic surgery plus radiochemotherapy (n=8). Followed up for 8 to 177 months, the 5-year OS and DFS rates was 63.0% and 51.6%, respectively. The 10-year OS and DFS rates was 51.2% and 31.8%, respectively. The multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that late T stage and internal carotid artery (ICA) involvement were the independent prognostic factors for survival in sinonasal and skull base ACC (all P<0.05). The OS of patients who received surgery or surgery plus radiotherapy was significantly higher than that of patients who received surgery plus radiochemotherapy (all P<0.05). Conclusions: Endoscopic transonasal surgery or combing with radiotherapy is an effective procedure for the treatment of sinonasal and skull base ACC. Late T stage and ICA involvement indicate poor prognosis.

Expression and Function of Long Non-coding RNA CASC19 in Colorectal Cancer / 中国医学科学院学报

Objective To investigate the expression, function and significance of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) CASC19 in colorectal cancer (CRC). Methods Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction was employed to determine the expression of CASC19 in 40 paired samples from CRC surgical specimens and 5 CRC cell lines. The correlations of CASC19 expression with clinicopathologic parameters were analyzed. Transwell assay was applied to detect the migration ability of CRC cells after the CASC19 expression was knocked down by small interfering RNA. Results The expression of CASC19 in colorectal cancer was significantly higher than those in adjacent normal mucosa tissues (t=5.527, P<0.000 1) and was associated with metastasis (P=0.044). Knockdown of CASC19 expression in CRC inhibited the migration ability of CRC in vitro. Conclusions The expression of CASC19 increases in CRC. CASC19 expression is not associated with age, gender, or tumor site/differentiation but with tumor size, lymph node metastasis, and distant metastasis, suggesting high CASC19 expression may promote CRC metastasis.

Relationship between health promotion lifestyle and self-efficacy of the nurses / 中国职业医学

OBJECTIVE: To explore the correlation between health promotion lifestyle and self-efficacy of the nurses.METHODS: By stratified random sampling method,a total of 360 nurses were selected as investigation objects and measured by the Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile-Ⅱ( HPLP-Ⅱ) and General Self-Efficacy Scale( GSES). RESULTS: The total score of HPLP-Ⅱ was 67. 0-194. 0( 110. 8 ± 19. 8). The dimension scores from high to low were as follow: interpersonal relationship scored 13. 0-33. 0( 21. 6 ± 3. 7),nutrition scored 11. 0-35. 0( 20. 4 ± 3. 9),self-realization scored 9. 0-36. 0( 20. 2 ± 4. 4),health responsibility scored 10. 0-31. 0( 18. 0 ± 3. 9),stress management scored 9. 0-32. 0( 16. 6 ± 3. 9),excise training scored 8. 0-32. 0( 14. 1 ± 4. 2). The GSES total score was 10. 0-40. 0( 22. 0 ± 5. 2),the nurses with medium and low level of self-efficacy were 92. 8%( 334 /360). The GSES total score of nurses showed a positive correlation with total HPLP-Ⅱ score,and other dimension scores of interpersonal relationship,nutrition,self-realization,health responsibility,stress management and excise training( the correlation coefficients were 0. 501,0. 420,0. 429,0. 469,0. 381,0. 429 and 0. 354,respectively,P < 0. 05). CONCLUSION: The general self-efficacy of nurses is positively correlated with their health promotion lifestyle. The health promotion lifestyle could be formed by improving the self-efficacy level.

Effect of traditional Chinese medicines with different properties on thermoregulation and temperature-sensitive transient receptor potentialion channel protein of rats with yeast-induced fever / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the intervention effects of four traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) with typical cold or hot property on body temperature and temperature-sensitive transient receptor potential ion channel proteins (TRPs) of rats with yeast-induced fever.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The pyrexia model was induced by injecting yeast suspension subcutaneously. Totally 108 male SD rats were randomly divided into the normal group, the model group, the Rhei Radix et Rhizoma treated group, the Coptidis Rhizoma treated group, the Euodiae Fructus treated group, and the Alpiniae Officinarum Rhizoma treated group, with 18 rats in each group. At the 4 h, 8 h and 12 h after injection of yeast, the rats were sacrificed to collect their hypothalamus and dorsal root ganglion. The expressions of TRPV1 and TRPM8 were detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blot method.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Compared with the normal group, after injection of yeast, the temperature of rats in the model group notably increased, and reached the peak at 8 h (P < 0.01). The TRPV1 level in hypothalamus and dorsal root ganglia (DRG) of the model group significantly increased, whereas the TRPM8 level significantly reduced. Compared with the model group, the Rhei Radix et Rhizoma group and the Coptidis Rhizoma group showed significant decrease in the high body temperature of rats caused by yeast, down-regulation in the expression of TRPV1, and up-regulation in the expression of TRPM8 (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). Euodiae Fructus and Alpiniae Officinarum Rhizoma had no significant effect on either temperature or TRPs of fever rats.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Rhei Radix et Rhizoma and Coptidis Rhizoma, both are TCMs with cold property, can reduce the temperature of fever rats induced by yeast, which may be related to their effective regulation of TRPV1 and TRPM8 in hypothalamus and DRG, while Euodiae Fructus and Alpiniae Officinarum Rhizoma had no relevant effect.</p>

Quality control of the kit and injection of 99 Tcm-TRODAT-1 as a dopamine transporter imaging agent / 中华核医学杂志

ObjectiveTo study the quality control methods for 99Tcm-TRODAT-1 kit and injection.MethodsThe appearance,pH,contents of the bases,the labeling yield,asepsis and bacterial endotoxins of 99Tcm-TRODAT-1 kits from three different batches were examined.The kit stability was estimated under different conditions.The transparence,pH,radiochemical purity,half-life,asepsis and bacterial endotoxins of 99Tcm-TRODAT-1 injection were tested.ResultsThe 99Tcm-TRODAT-1 kit and injection were both achromous and transparent,with pH values being 5.9 ± 0.1 and 5.5 - 7.0 respectively.The contents of stannous chloride and TRODAT-1 were stable.The labeling yield of the kit and the radiochemical purity of the injection were both ≥95％.The asepsis test demonstrated that the characters of 99Tcm-TRODAT-1 kit and injection were qualified.TRODAT-1 kit was stable at 0 -4 ℃ for 6 months or at room temperature (20 -25 ℃ )for 10 days,and the radiochemical purity of the injection was still ＞ 90％ at room temperature for 8 hours.ConclusionsThe quality control methods for 99Tcm-TRODAT-1 kit are simple and practical.The kit and injection are qualified and can be used for clinical application.

Fifty-eight cases of ocular ischemic diseases caused by carotid artery stenosis / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>The blood supply to the eye comes from the retinal central vascular system of the ophthalmic artery and the ciliary vascular system. The ophthalmic artery stems from the ipsilateral internal carotid artery. If occlusion or stenosis occurs in the carotid artery, the blood perfusion to the ophthalmic artery becomes insufficient, leading to signs and symptoms of anterior and posterior ocular ischemia. The objective of this study was to evaluate the clinical characteristics and risk factors of ocular ischemic diseases caused by carotid artery stenosis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>This study was a retrospective review of 145 patients with carotid artery stenosis. Fifty-eight patients who had symptoms of ocular ischemic disease caused by carotid artery stenosis formed group A and the other 87 patients who only had carotid artery stenosis formed group B. We analyzed the causes and course of disease, and relative risk factors, by comparing the two groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The degree of carotid artery stenosis in group A was higher than that in group B. And group A had a greater decrease of ophthalmic artery flow. Male, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and smoking were significantly related to carotid artery stenosis. Amaurosis fugax was the most common ocular symptom in group A. The ocular ischemic diseases mainly included ischemic optic neuropathy, central/branch retinal artery occlusion, ophthalmoplegia externa, and ocular ischemic syndrome.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Carotid artery stenosis correlates with ocular ischemic diseases. Ophthalmologists must observe for ocular symptoms, which were the onset symptoms in some patients.</p>

No spatial memory deficit exists in Kunming mice that recently recovered from motor defects following 3-nitropropionic acid intoxication / 神经科学通报·英文版

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Numerous studies have described both motor defects and cognitive impairments in several strains of rodents following 3-nitropropionic acid (3-NP) intoxication. In the present study, we investigated spatial recognition memory in Kunming mice that just recovered from motor defects induced by 3-NP.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Mouse model was made by systemic subacute 3-NP treatment, and spatial recognition memory was measured through the Y-maze Test, a simple two-trial recognition test.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) On day 15 following 3-NP treatment, affected Kunming mice did not show motor defects in the Rotarod test and presented normal gait again. (2) In the following Y-maze test after 1h interval, the percentage (90.0%) of mice showing novel arm preference in 3-NP treatment group was significantly higher than the random chance level (50%), although it was only slightly higher than that (83.3%) in control group. On day 45 after 3-NP treatment, mice failed to choose unfamiliar novel arm as first choice, and the same occured in the control group. (3) For both post-intoxicated (on day 15 and day 45 following 3-NP treatment) and control groups, the duration in the novel arm and the frequency of entering it, were longer and higher compared with familiar start and other arms. For these mice that recently recovered from motor defects following 3-NP intoxication, no spatial memory deficits were observed through Y-maze Test.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Kunming mice used in our assays might possess resistance to cognitive impairment induced by 3-NP, which is consistent with previous findings in Swiss EPM-M1 mice.</p>

Therapeutic effect of anti-anaphylaxis granule on chronic urticaria and its impact on serum levels of RANTES / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the therapeutic effect of Anti-anaphylaxis Granule (AAG) on chronic urticaria and its impact on cytokine of regulated upon activation of normal T cells expressed and secreted (RANTES), eosinophil chemotactic factor (Eotaxin) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The therapeutic effects of AAG and cetirizine on chronic urticaria patients allocated in two groups were observed respectively, and the serum levels of RANTES, Eotaxin and TNF-alpha in patients were measured by ELISA before and after treatment, and were compared with those in normal subjects.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The therapeutic effects of AAG group were better in effective rate (88.5% vs 64.0%) and lower in the recurrent rate (5.6% vs 41.9%) than those cetirizine (all P<0.05). Serum levels of RANTES, Eotaxin and TNF-alpha in patients were higher than those in normal subjects (P<0.01), and they could be significantly reduced after AAG treatment (P<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>AAG has favorite effect for treatment of chronic urticaria, its regulation on serum levels of RANTES, Eotaxin and TNF-alpha may be the mechanism of action.</p>

Depressive-like behavior in mice recently recovered from motor disorders after 3-nitropropionic acid intoxication / 神经科学通报·英文版

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Striatum may be involved in depressive disorders according to the neuroimaging analysis and clinical data. However, no animal model at present supported the possible role of striatum in the pathogenesis of depression. In the present study, we have investigated the depressive-like behavior in mice recently intoxicated with 3-nitropropionic acid (3-NP), a widely known toxin that selectively damages the striatum in the brain.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Mouse model was made with subacute systemic 3-NP treatment, and the depressive-like behavior was measured using the duration of immobility during forced swimming test (FST).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>When the mice at day 15 post-intoxication just totally recovered from motor deficits, the duration of immobility in FST was significantly longer than that in controls. The depressive-like behavior was not due to the fatigue or general sickness following 3-NP intoxication and could be reversed by the antidepressant, desipramine hydrochloride. In two successive FST in 24 h interval, the depressive-like behavior could be observed again in subsequent FST (at day 16 post-intoxication), and the mice presented a normal "learned helplessness".</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>A novel depression animal model could be established in mice during the initial period of recovery from 3-NP intoxication. The depression-like behavior might occur independently without involvement of cognitive defects, and the striatal lesions may underlie the depression-like behavior attributable to 3-NP intoxication.</p>

Study on the relationship between serum high density lipoprotein and Pi-deficiency syndrome in patients with coronary heart disease / 中国结合医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the relationship of Pi-deficiency syndrome in TCM with the change of serum high density lipoprotein (HDL) in blood lipid metabolic disorder.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sixty-eight patients with confirmed coronary heart disease (CHD) were selected for TCM syndrome typing into Pi-deficiency (PD) group and non-Pi-deficiency (NPD) group. Routine blood lipids and serum lipoprotein electrophoretogram (SLPG) were determined in all patients to analyze the total content of HDL and its relative contents of sub-components HDL(1-5), as well as their relation with PD syndrome. Besides, a healthy control group (62 cases) was set up.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The level of serum HDL-C was lowered, SLPG abnormality rate increased in the patients with CHD, with total HDL and the relative contents of subcomponent HDL(1) and HDL(3) significantly lower than those in the healthy control group (P<0.01). The total HDL, HDL(1) and HDL(3) in the PD group were also lower than those in the NPD group (P<0.05, P<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Serum HDL and its sub-components showed a definite relation with TCM PD syndrome type, therefore, further exploring the granular specificity of HDL and its sub-components as well as their influence on reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) may hopefully provide clues for developing RCT regulatory Chinese new drugs and for CHD prevention and treatment.</p>

Morphology of the soft palate in normal humans with digital cephalometry / 华西口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the morphology of the soft palate in normal humans with digital radiography and to provide the references for therapy of the cleft.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>106 normal people were involved. The morphology of the soft palate was observed with digital cephalometry.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All static images of soft palate could be divided into six types: Shuttle-shaped, crescent-shaped, strip-shaped, S-shaped, hamulus-shaped and anomalous shaped. The dynamic image was knee-shaped.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The morphology of the soft palate is varied.</p>

Studies on Screening and Conditions of Strains Highly Producing Neutral Phytase / 微生物学通报

A highly phytase-producing strain B.licheniformis LL8 was obtained by several mutagenesis of UV with B.licheniformis as starting strain.The new strain produced about two folds of phytase activity as compared with the starting strain. The production performance of the strain was stable. The cultivation conditions were optimized by single factor and orthogonal experiment. When the mutant B.licheniformis LL8 was cultivated at 55℃, initial pH 7.5 with the inoculation size of 10% for 30h in WBE medUm, the phytase activity was up to 2268.4U/mL.