Conservation surgery of laryngeal function for laryngeal carcinoma in patients aged 70 years and over / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective To study the therapeutic effects of conservation surgery of laryngeal function for larygeal carcinoma in patients aged 70 years and over. Methods 136 patients aged 70 years and over were collected. Among them, 34 cases underwent vocal cord resection, 28 vertical hemilaryngectomy, 24 horizontal supraglottic hemilaryngectomy, 15 horizontovertical (3/4)laryngectomy, 29 subtotal laryngectomy, 6 total laryngectomy with cricopharyngeal anastomosis.Tissue defects were repaired by use of cervical myocutaneous flap in patients of T3-4 tumor stage. After operation, a special pneumatoeeles was attached on the tracheal cannula when eating.Results All patients had their phonation restored in a week. 92 cases were decannulated. 45 cases had cough and then were improved after respiration training and one case was in failure. No death occurred in the perioperative period. The survival rates were 78.7% at 3 years and 68.5% at 5 years.Conclusions Laryngectomy with reservation of laryngeal function is feasible in senile patients aged 70 years and over under conditions of correct indication, right choice of operation and thoroughly care during perioperative.

Cloning and characterization of MTLC, a novel gene in 6q25 / 中华医学遗传学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To identify and characterize laryngeal cancer related novel genes located on chromosome 6q25.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Electric hybridization was performed in human genome database using EST (expression sequence tag) as probe. Novel genes were deduced by software from positive DNA clones and their cDNAs were amplified by RT-PCR using primers designed according to the sequence of the putative genes.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A novel gene was cloned successfully. The full length of this gene was about 21 kb. It contained two exons and produced a 1006 bp transcript coding a protein with 235 amino acid residues. It's 5'flanking sequence contained two binding sites of oncoprotein c-Myc, thus it was named MTLC (c-Myc target from laryngeal cancer cells). Homologous assay showed that MTLC exhibited little overall homology to known human proteins but it exhibited good overall homology to mouse MT-MC1 protein with an identity of 78%. The primary structure of MTLC protein contained a nuclear location signal motif, but it did not have other conserved domains. The results of subcellular location experiment showed that MTLC expressed in nuclei of human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line Bel7402 cells, while a wide distribution of MTLC in various tissues was demonstrated by Northern blotting.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>MTLC may play an important role as a target gene of c-Myc and as a transcription factor in keeping the normal physiological process of cells.</p>

Homozygous deletion of p16 and p15 genes in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma / 中华医学遗传学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To assess the relationship of homozygous deletion status of p16 (MTS1/INK4a/CDKN2A), p15(MTS2/INK4b/CDKN2B) genes and laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma(LSCC) progression.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>DNA was extracted from fresh tumors. Homozygous deletion of p16 exon 2(p16E2) in 80 cases of LSCC and p15 exon 2(p15E2) in 67 cases of LSCC were detected by the polymerase chain reaction technique.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The p16E2 deletion rate in 80 cases was 12.5%(10/80); the p15E2 deletion rate in 67 cases was 11.94%(8/67); the p16E2 and p15E2 codeletion rate in 67 cases was 5.97%(4/67).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Homozygous deletion of p16E2 and p15E2 is related with LSCC oncogenesis, and it may play a role to some extent in LSCC malignant progression.</p>

Study on the loss of heterozygosity and expression of transglutaminase 3 gene in laryngeal carcinoma / 中华医学遗传学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the role of transglutaminase 3 (TGM3) gene in laryngeal carcinogenesis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The authors detected the deletion indirectly through loss of heterozygosity (LOH) analysis at DNA level using 4 STR primers within and near TGM3 gene in 72 cases, and detected the differential expression of TGM3 gene in 8 cases of paired normal and cancerous tissue of laryngeal carcinoma by Northern blot.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>LOH was found existing in all of the microsatellite loci, and the LOH frequencies were 25.76%, 20.00%, 38.10% and 18.75% at D20S17, D20S607, D20S99 and D20S841 respectively; LOH concerning at least one polymorphism locus accounted for 61.11%. No correlation of clinical stage, lymph node metastasis and differentiation with the LOH of TGM3 gene was observed, P>0.05. TGM3 gene expressed significantly higher in normal tissues than in paired cancerous tissues.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>TGM3 gene might play an important role in laryngeal carcinogenesis and further researches will be needed to clarify the possible mechanisms.</p>

THE EFFECT OF KERATIN 13 GENE ON LARYNGEAL CARCINOGENESIS / 解放军医学杂志

Objective To investigate the role of Keratin 13 gene in laryngeal carcinogenesis. Methods To detect the deletion frequency of keratin 13 sequence indirectly by LOH analysis at DNA level using 5 STR primers within and near keratin 13 gene in 100 cases. Results LOH was found in all of the microsatellite loci, and the LOH frequencies were 30.48%, 26.02%, 21.62%, 37.66% and 21.51% at D17S1964E, D17S2092, D17S791, D17S1665, and D17S808 positions respectively. The frequencies of LOH were not related to the type of laryngeal carcinoma. Conclusion Keratin 13 gene might play an important role in the laryngeal carcinogenesis,and further research is necessary to confirm it.

SUPRAGLOTTIC HORIZONTAL PARTIAL LARYNGECTOMY FOR LARYNGEAL CARCINOMA: A Report of 41 Cases / 解放军医学杂志

From 1982 to 1988, we have performed supraglottic horizontal partial laryngectomy for 41 cases of laryngeal carcinoma. 19 of them were males and 22 females. 40 cases of squamous cell carcinoma accounted for 97.6%,and 75.6% of cases were in second or third stage. All the cases have been followed up. The three-year survival rate is 93.7%, the five-year survival rate is 86.5%. 95% of the patients retained their phonation ability. Decannulation rate of tracheostomy tube is 65.9%. Normal deglutition ability is found in 90.2% of cases. Indications for operation, postoperative complications, late results, and failure of removal of tracheostomy tube are discussed.