RÉSUMÉ
Objective@#To investigate the awareness of hepatitis C prevention and control knowledge and its influencing factors among female sex workers (FSWs) in Jiaxing City, Zhejiang Province.@*Methods@#According to the HIV/AIDS Sentinel Surveillance Plan, FSWs at ages of 15 to 65 years monitored by the national AIDS surveillance sentinel in Jiaxing City were recruited, and demographic information, awareness of hepatitis C prevention and control knowledge and related behaviors were collected by questionnaire surveys. Factors affecting the awareness of hepatitis C prevention and control knowledge were identified by a multivariable logistic regression model.@*Results@#A total of 430 questionnaires were allocated, and 412 were valid, with an effective rate of 95.81%. The respondents had a mean age of (28.58±4.93) years, and included 258 unmarried FSWs (62.62%), 344 with registered residence outside Zhejiang Province (83.50%), 212 with junior high school education or below (51.46%) and 243 from high-end entertainment places (58.98%). The overall awareness of hepatitis C prevention and control knowledge among FSWs was 20.39%, and the awareness of "Transfusion of blood containing hepatitis C virus may acquire hepatitis C" (38.83%) and the awareness of "tattooing, eyebrow tattooing and ear piercing in streets or small shops may infect hepatitis C" (38.11%) were relatively low. Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified marital status (divorced or widowed, OR=0.161, 95%CI: 0.054-0.482), educational level (high school or technical secondary school, OR=2.568, 95%CI: 1.446-4.560; junior college or above, OR=6.110, 95%CI: 2.658 -14.045) and grade of entertainment places (high-end entertainment places, OR=2.756, 95%CI: 1.525-4.982) as factors affecting the awareness of hepatitis C prevention and control knowledge among FSWs.@*Conclusion@#FSWs in Jiaxing City have a low awareness of hepatitis C prevention and control knowledge, especially lacking of knowledge about the transmission routes and prognosis of hepatitis C.
RÉSUMÉ
ABSTRACT This study aimed to systematically review interventions to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV during breastfeeding. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis using specific criteria to identify randomized controlled trials that focused on pregnant and breastfeeding women living with HIV and their children from birth to 2 years of age. We extensively searched electronic databases, including Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Google Scholar up to October 24, 2023. After screening 3,110 titles and abstracts, we reviewed 306 full texts. Of these, we assessed the quality and risk of bias of fifty-five articles, ultimately identifying seven studies. Four of these studies, which focused on antiretroviral therapy (ART), were included in the meta-analysis. There was little heterogeneity in study methodology and pooled estimates. The postnatal HIV transmission rate was found to be 0.01 (95%CI: 0.00 - 0.02). Therefore, the risk of mother-to-child transmission among breastfeeding mothers with HIV was significantly lower in the intervention groups than in the placebo groups. Analysis of funnel plots and Egger's test (p = 0.589) showed no evidence of publication bias. In addition to the four articles, two studies compared different ART regimens and one study compared the administration of high-dose vitamin A to the mother or the child. The results suggest that the use of ART significantly reduces the risk of postnatal HIV transmission compared with placebo. However, the effectiveness of different ART regimens or other therapies, including high-dose vitamin A, is unclear.