Relation between neuroticism and tendency of mobile phone addiction among nursing undergraduates： the mediating role of perceived stress and self-control / 四川精神卫生

BackgroundNegative effects of mobile phone addiction on undergraduate students have led to several health problems including depression， anxiety， attention deficit disorder， cognitive impairment and sleep disturbance. The undergraduate nursing students serve as an important reserve force of the clinical nursing work， and their poor psychological health would have a non-ignorable impact on the quality of the nursing work and the nurse-patient relationship in the future. ObjectiveTo investigate the relation between neuroticism and tendency of mobile phone addiction among undergraduate nursing students， and to examine the pathways through which perceived stress and self-control play a role in the relation by constructing a chain-mediated model. MethodsFrom February to March 2023， a total of 900 undergraduate nursing students across 10 universities in Xi'an， Shaanxi Province were selected through convenient sampling method. Several scales were adopted to assess undergraduate nursing students respectively， including the neuroticism subscale of Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Revised Short Scale for Chines （EPQ-RSC）， Perceived Stress Scale （PSS）， Self-Control Scale （SCS） and Mobile Phone Addiction Tendency Scale （MPATS）. The assessment were conducted on multiple aspects of these students including neurotic personality， subjective stress， self-control and mobile phone addiction tendency. Model 6 in the SPSS Macro Process 4.1 was used to examine the mediating effect of perceived stress and self-control between neuroticism and mobile phone addiction tendency among undergraduate nursing students. Results① Among the 900 students， 314 cases （34.89%） were found to be addicted to mobile phones. ② The score of neuroticism subscale in EPQ-RSC of nursing undergraduates was positively correlated with the total scores of PSS and MPATS （r=0.400， 0.287， P<0.01）， and negatively correlated with score of SCS （r=-0.364， P<0.01）. The total score of MPATS was positively correlated with the total score of PSS （r=0.362， P<0.01）， and negatively correlated with the total score of SCS （r=-0.468， P<0.01）. The total score of SCS was negatively correlated with the total score of PSS （r=-0.515， P<0.01）. ③ Perceived stress and self-control performed partial mediation between neuroticism personality and mobile phone addiction tendency （with indirect effect values of 0.056 and 0.065， respectively， accounting for 19.72% and 22.89% of the total effect）. Perceived stress and self-control played a chain mediating role between neuroticism personality and mobile phone addiction tendency （with an indirect effect value of 0.064， accounting for 22.54% of the total effect）. ConclusionNeuroticism personality， perceived stress and self-control are confirmed to play important roles in mobile phone addiction tendency among undergraduate nursing students. Neuroticism personality not only directly affects the tendency of mobile phone addiction， but also affects their mobile phone addiction tendency through the chain mediating effect of perceived stress and self-control.［Funded by The 2020 Annual Project of the 13th Five-Year Plan of Education Science in Shaanxi Province （number， SGH20Y1386）］

Stratified management for cardiovascular diseases risk in community population based on China-PAR / 中华全科医师杂志

Objective:To evaluate the effect of stratified management of cardiovascular diseases risk in community population based on China-PAR.Methods:It was a single arm study. Beijing Jiaotong University faculty and staff who participated in annual health check-up from 2019 to 2021 and met the inclusion/exclusion criteria were enrolled in the study. The general data, physical examination and laboratory test results, including age, residence region, waist circumference, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C),blood pressure (BP), taking antihypertensive drugs,diabetes, family history of cardiovascular diseases,were collected. Participants were stratified according to China-PAR assessment model and then stratified management was carried out. For low-risk populations, family doctors provided online guidance or outpatient follow-up if necessary after their first interview. For middle and high-risk groups, outpatient and telephone follow-up were arranged in addition to online guidance. Relevant examinations were completed and drug treatment or adjustment were given by doctors when necessary. Frequency of outpatient follow-up for middle and high-risk groups was different and patients in these two groups were scored again at the end of 2-year follow-up.Results:A total 284 participants were enrolled,197 participants (69.4%) were males with a age of (46.9±8.8) years. Among them, 205 participants (72.2%) were in low-risk group, including 136 males (66.3%), and their 10-year risk of cardiovascular diseases was (2.5±0.1)%; 59 participants (20.8%) were in middle-risk group, including 43 males (72.9%), and their 10-year risk of cardiovascular diseases was (7.1±0.2)%;20 participants (7.0%) were in high-risk group,including 18 males (90.0%) and their 10-year risk of cardiovascular diseases was (14.0±1.1)%. After 2 years follow-up, the proportion of dietary imbalances and alcohol drinking, waist circumference, blood pressure, fasting glucose levels and risk score decreased significantly in high risk group ( P<0.05). The proportion of dietary imbalances, waist circumference, blood pressure, total cholesterol, and LDL-C levels decreased significantly in medium risk group ( P<0.05). In high-risk group, 2 participants (10.0%) converted to low-risk, 8 participants (40.0%) converted to middle-risk. In middle-risk group, 5 participants (8.5%) converted to low-risk and 7 participants (11.9%) converted to high-risk. Conclusion:The risk factors and risk stratification of cardiovascular disease in community population can be improved by stratified management based on China-PAR risk assessment model.

Prediction model of radiation pneumonitis after chemoradiotherapy for esophageal cancer based on dosiomics / 中华放射肿瘤学杂志

Objective:To study the risk factors and prediction model of radiation pneumonitis (RP) after radical chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced esophageal cancer based on dosiomics.Methods:Clinical data of 105 patients with esophageal cancer undergoing radical chemoradiotherapy at Zhejiang Cancer Hospital between January 2020 and August 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. RP was scored using the National Cancer Institute's Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 5.0 (CTCAE 5.0). Clinical factors, traditional dosimetric features and dosiomics features were collected, respectively. The features for predicting PR were analyzed by limma package. Support vector machine, k-nearest neighbor, decision tree, random forest and extreme gradient boosting were used to establish the prediction model, and the ten-fold cross-validation method was employed to evaluate the performance of the model. The differences of this model when different features were chosen were analyzed by delong test.Results:The incidence of RP in the whole group was 21.9%. One clinical factor, 6 traditional dosimetric features and 42 dosiomics features were significantly correlated with the occurrence of RP (all P<0.05). Support vector machine using linear kernel function yielded the optimal prediction performance, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) without and with dosiomics features was 0.72 and 0.75, respectively. The models established by support vector machine, random forest and extreme gradient boosting were significantly different with and without dosiomics features (all P<0.05). Conclusion:The addition of dosiomics features can effectively improve the performance of the prediction model of RP after radiotherapy for esophageal cancer.

Research on multi-Atlas segmentation based on feature clustering / 中华放射肿瘤学杂志

Objective:To study the improvement of normal tissue region of interest (ROI) segmentation based on clustering-based multi-Atlas segmentation method, thereby achieving better delineation of organs at risk.Methods:CT images of 100 patients with cervical cancer who had completed treatment in Zhejiang Cancer Hospital during 2019-2020 were selected as the Atlas database. According to the volume characteristic parameters of the organs at risk (bladder, rectum and outer contour), the Atlas database was divided into several subsets by k-means clustering algorithm. The image to be segmented was matched to the corresponding Atlas library for multi-Atlas segmentation. The dice similarity coefficient (DSC) was used to evaluate the segmentation results.Results:Using 30 patients as the test set, the sub-Atlas generated by different clustering methods were compared for the improvement of image segmentation results. Compared with general multi-Atlas segmentation methods, clustering-based multi-Atlas segmentation method significantly improve the segmentation accuracy for the bladder (DSC=0.83±0.09 vs. 0.69±0.15, P<0.001) and the rectum (0.7±0.07 vs. 0.56±0.16, P<0.001), but no statistical significance was observed for left and right femoral head (0.92±0.04, 0.91±0.02) and bone marrow (0.91±0.06). The average segmentation time of clustering-based multi-Atlas segmentation method was shorter than that of the general multi-Atlas segmentation method (2.7 min vs. 6.3 min). Conclusion:The clustering-based multi-Atlas segmentation method can not only reduce the number of Atlas images registered with the image to be segmented, but also can be expected to improve the segmentation effect and obtain higher accuracy.

Investigation of anxiety and depression of postgraduates in military medical university under public health emergencies / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective:To investigate the characteristics of anxiety and depression of postgraduates in military medical university under public health emergencies.Methods:By means of self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) and self-rating depression scale (SDS), 944 postgraduate students of a military medical university were investigated to analyze their characteristics of anxiety and depression. SPSS 25.0 was used to statistically analyze the collected data.Results:①The positive rates of anxiety and depression were respectively 8.03% and 8.25%. ②The positive rate of anxiety of male postgraduates was significantly higher than that of female postgraduates ( P=0.035). ③The positive rate of anxiety of serviceman students was significantly higher than that of civilian students ( P=0.022). ④There was no statistical difference in the positive rates of anxiety and depression among postgraduates in different areas ( P > 0.05). ⑤The levels of anxiety and depression of left-behind children were significantly higher than those of unleft-behind children ( P=0.000, P=0.018). ⑥The levels of anxiety and depression of postgraduate students were lower than those of undergraduate students ( P=0.000, P=0.002). Conclusion:Under the outbreak of public health emergencies, anxiety and depression occur in the postgraduates. To strengthen the mental health maintenance of postgraduates in military medical university during the outbreak, it is necessary to pay more attention on the mental health of military students, males and who were left-behind children before.

Effect of High-Concentration Uric Acid on Nitric Oxide / 中国医学科学院学报

Uric acid (UA) is the final product of purine metabolism in human body,and its metabolic disorder will induce hyperuricemia (HUA).The occurrence and development of HUA are associated with a variety of pathological mechanisms such as oxidative stress injury,activation of inflammatory cytokines,and activation of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system.These mechanisms directly or indirectly affect the bioavailability of endogenous nitric oxide (NO).The decrease in NO bioavailability is common in the diseases with high concentration of UA as an independent risk factor.In this review,we summarize the mechanisms by which high concentrations of UA affect the endogenous NO bioavailability,with a focus on the mechanisms of high-concentration UA in decreasing the synthesis and/or increasing the consumption of NO.This review aims to provide references for alleviating the multisystem symptoms and improving the prognosis of HUA,and lay a theoretical foundation for in-depth study of the correlations between HUA and other metabolic diseases.

Study on serum perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances exposure status of community residents in Songjiang District， Shanghai / 上海预防医学

ObjectiveTo investigate the characteristics of serum perfluoroalkyl substances （PFASs） exposure and potential influencing factors among community residents in Songjiang District， Shanghai. MethodsIn August 2021， residents who underwent routine health checkups in a community in Songjiang District， Shanghai were recruited as study subjects. The inclusion criteria were adult residents who had lived in the area for more than 3 years， had no occupational exposure history， no underlying diseases， were not pregnant， and were able to complete the questionnaire independently and sign the informed consent form. A questionnaire survey was conducted and venous blood samples were collected. The concentrations of 15 PFASs in serum were determined using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem quadrupole mass spectrometry （UPLC-MS/MS）. Ordered multi-class logistic regression， interquartile range （IQR）， and odds ratio （OR） were used to explore the influencing factors and risk magnitude of serum PFASs concentrations. ResultsOf the 15 PFASs， 14 were detected， and the detection rates of 7 PFASs were higher than 50%. The highest detected concentrations among the PFASs were PFOS （perfluorooctane sulfonate）， PFOA （perfluorooctanoic acid）， and PFHxS （perfluorohexane sulfonate）， with median concentrations of 48.61 μg∙L-1， 37.29 μg∙L-1， and 36.51 μg∙L-1， respectively. The strongest correlation was between PFDA and PFUnDA （r=0.93， P<0.05）， followed by PFOS and PFDA （r=0.86， P<0.05）. Age， frequency of plastic product use， time spent indoors per day， personal annual income， tea consumption， and daily water intake were potential factors for exposure to PFASs. Among them， age was positively correlated with PFASs； tea consumption was positively correlated with PFNA and PFOA； PFHpA was negatively correlated with the frequency of plastic product use and personal annual income； and PFOS was negatively correlated with the time spent indoors per day. ConclusionThe exposure to serum PFASs among community residents in Songjiang District was relatively serious， and the main components were traditional PFOA， PFOS， and PFHx. Different sociodemographic characteristics had varying degrees of influence on the concentrations of PFASs in serum. The impact of PFASs exposure on the health of community residents deserves further investigation.

Existence and morphology features of the myodural bridge in JapaLura Splendida / 解剖学报

Objective The dense fibrous connective tissue that connects sub-occipital muscles which consist of the rectus capitis posterior minor muscle (RCPmi), rectus capitis posterior major muscle (RCPma), obliquus capitis inferior muscle (OCI) and nuchal ligament (NL) to the spinal dura mater (SDM), is described as the myodural bridge (MDB) in humans. The MDB is perceived as an essential anatomical structure and has been a subject of interest for clinicians. Studies have revealed that MDB may be related to the dynamic circulation of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and a chronic cervicogenic headache. To date, the MDB is identified as a universal, existing structure in mammals and it exists in other vertebrates as well, such as Gallus domesticus and Rock pigeons in Avifauna, Siamese crocodile and Trachemys scripta elegans in Reptile. The current study is to further analyze different structures features of the MDB in sundry classes and provide the anatomical basis for functional studies. The JapaLura Splendida is the most common species in Lacertiformes, Reptilia. So we chose it as the experimental object to supply the morphological study of the MDB in Reptilia. Methods The study was based on gross anatomical dissection, thick sheet section, histological staining to observe the structural characteristics of the post-occipital area of twenty JapaLura Splendidas and the existence of the MDB. Results The deep post-occipital muscles were composed of the rectus capitis dorsal muscle (RCD) and the obliquus capital posterior (OCP) muscle. The RCD was merged by the rectus capitis dorsal major muscle (RCDma), the rectus capitis dorsal minor muscle (RCDmi) and the obliquus capitis anterior muscle (OCA). In the atlanto-occipital space, the dense fibrous bundles were found to originate from the ventral aspect of the RCD and run ventral, closely inserting into the SDM. In the atlanto-axial space, the dense fibrous bundles were found to originate from the ventral aspect of the OCP and run ventral, closely contacted with the SDM. These dense fibrous bundles were the collagen type I fibers with strong double refraction. Conclusion The result of this study indicates that the MDB is located between the post-occipital muscles and the SDM in JapaLura Splendida. The MDB of Japalura splendida may be related to the activities of the head and neck, and exert a physiological function similar to the MDB in humans.

Gabapentin effectively alleviates pain sensitization and regulates CACNA2D1 expression in postherpetic neuralgia rats / 中国药理学通报

Aim To identify the molecular target of gabapentin in the treatment of postherpetic neuralgia(PHN). Methods The molecular target of gabapentin for PHN was analyzed by network pharmacology and molecular docking and confirmed by coprecipitation test. Rats were randomly divided into control group, model group, model+50 mg·kg-1 gabapentin group, model+100 mg·kg-1 gabapentin group, and model+200 mg·kg-1 gabapentin group, with nine rats in each group. The pain-related behaviors of the rats were measured at different time points. The mRNA and protein expressions of CACNA2D1, Bax, and Bcl-2 in rat spinal cord were determined by immunofluorescence, Western blot, and qPCR. Results CACNA2D1 was the target gene of gabapentin that determined via network pharmacology, molecular docking, and co-precipitation tests. After modeling, mechanical pain threshold and thermal pain threshold significantly decreased, and the number of apoptotic GABA cells significantly increased. However, after intraperitoneal injection of 50, 100, and 200 mg·kg-1 gabapentin, mechanical pain threshold and thermal pain threshold significantly increased(P<0.05), and the number of apoptotic GABA cells significantly decreased(P<0.01). Immunofluorescence and Western blot results showed that compared with the model group, with the increase of gabapentin concentration, the positive expression rate of Bax significantly decreased, and the positive expression rate of Bcl-2 and CACNA2D1 significantly increased. The mRNA expression levels of Bax, Bcl-2 and CACNA2D1 detected by qPCR were consistent with the results of immunofluorescence and Western blot. Conclusions Gabapentin up-regulates the expression of target protein CACNA2D1, inhibits the proapoptotic protein Bax, and promotes the expression of apoptotic inhibitor Bcl-2.

Unraveling the serial glycosylation in the biosynthesis of steroidal saponins in the medicinal plant Paris polyphylla and their antifungal action

Sugar-sugar glycosyltransferases play important roles in constructing complex and bioactive saponins. Here, we characterized a series of UDP-glycosyltransferases responsible for biosynthesizing the branched sugar chain of bioactive steroidal saponins from a widely known medicinal plant Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis. Among them, a 2'-O-rhamnosyltransferase and three 6'-O-glucosyltrasferases catalyzed a cascade of glycosylation to produce steroidal diglycosides and triglycosides, respectively. These UDP-glycosyltransferases showed astonishing substrate promiscuity, resulting in the generation of a panel of 24 terpenoid glycosides including 15 previously undescribed compounds. A mutant library containing 44 variants was constructed based on the identification of critical residues by molecular docking simulations and protein model alignments, and a mutant UGT91AH1Y187A with increased catalytic efficiency was obtained. The steroidal saponins exhibited remarkable antifungal activity against four widespread strains of human pathogenic fungi attributed to ergosterol-dependent damage of fungal cell membranes, and 2'-O-rhamnosylation appeared to correlate with strong antifungal effects. The findings elucidated the biosynthetic machinery for their production of steroidal saponins and revealed their potential as new antifungal agents.

Construction of anomogram for predicting the prognosis of patients with sepsis-associated acute kidney injury / 中华危重病急救医学

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the risk factors for poor prognosis in sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (SA-AKI) and establish a nomogram predictive model.@*METHODS@#The clinical data of patients with SA-AKI admitted to the department of critical care medicine of Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University from January 2019 to September 2022 were retrospectively analyzed, including demographic information, worst values of blood cell counts and biochemical indicators within 24 hours of SA-AKI diagnosis, whether the patient received renal replacement therapy (RRT), mechanical ventilation, vasopressor therapy during hospitalization, acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II (APACHE II), sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA), fibrinogen-to-albumin ratio (FAR) within 24 hours of diagnosis, acute kidney injury (AKI) staging, total length of hospital stay, length of intensive care unit (ICU) stay, and others. According to the 28-day outcome, the patients were divided into survival group and death group, and the indicators between the two groups were compared. Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analyses were used to screen for risk factors associated with mortality in SA-AKI patients. A nomogram predictive model for SA-AKI prognosis was constructed based on the identified risk factors. Receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC curve) and calibration plots were generated to evaluate the predictive value of the nomogram model for SA-AKI prognosis.@*RESULTS@#A total of 113 SA-AKI patients were included, with 67 in the survival group and 46 in the death group. The 28-day mortality among SA-AKI patients was 40.7%. The comparison between the two groups showed that there were statistically significant differences in age ≥ 65 years, AKI stage, mechanical ventilation, vasopressors, RRT, length of ICU stay, and laboratory indicators cystatin C (Cys C), fibrinogen (Fib), and FAR. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age ≥ 65 years [odds ratio (OR) = 7.967, 95% confidence interval (95%CI) was 1.803-35.203, P = 0.006], cystatin C (OR = 7.202, 95%CI was 1.756-29.534, P = 0.006), FAR (OR = 2.444, 95%CI was 1.506-3.968, P < 0.001), and RRT (OR = 7.639, 95%CI was 1.391-41.951, P = 0.019) were independent risk factors for mortality in SA-AKI patients. ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the ROC curve (AUC) for age ≥ 65 years, cystatin C, FAR, and RRT in predicting SA-AKI patient mortality were 0.713, 0.856, 0.911, and 0.701, respectively. A nomogram predictive model for SA-AKI patient prognosis was constructed based on age ≥ 65 years, cystatin C, FAR, and RRT, with an AUC of 0.967 (95%CI was 0.932-1.000) according to ROC curve analysis. The calibration plot indicated good consistency between predicted and actual probabilities.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Age ≥ 65 years, cystatin C, FAR, and RRT are independent risk factors for mortality in SA-AKI patients. The nomogram predictive model based on these four factors can accurately predict SA-AKI patient prognosis, helping physicians adjust treatment strategies in a timely manner and improve patient outcomes.

Chemical constituents from Paris rugosa rhizomes and their antimicrobial activities / 中国中药杂志

Paris rugosa(Melanthiaceae) only grows in Yunnan province of China at present, and its chemical constituents have not been systematically studied. In this study, nine compounds, including one new compound pariposide G(1) and eight known compounds of cerin(2), stigmast-4-en-3-one(3), β-ecdysone(4), ophiopogonin C'(5), methyl protogracillin(6), gracillin(7), parissaponin H(8), and parisyunnanoside G(9), were isolated and identified from the ethanol extract of P. rugosa rhizomes by column chromatography methods and semi-preparative high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC). Compounds 1-9 were isolated from this plant for the first time. The antibacterial and antifungal activities of all the compounds were evaluated. The results showed that ophiopogonin C' had strong inhibitory effects on Candida albicans [MIC_(90)=(4.68±0.01) μmol·L~(-1)] and the fluconazole-resistant strain of C. albicans [MIC_(90)=(4.66±0.02) μmol·L~(-1)].

Quality evaluation of Bupleuri Radix in Shanxi Province by LC-MS based pseudotargeted metabonomics / 药学学报

Bupleuri Radix is commonly used in the traditional Chinese medicine, and saikosaponins are the important active ingredients. In this study, we first established a relative quantitative method for 25 saikosaponins using ultra high performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QTrap-MS) in the scheduled multiple reaction monitoring (sMRM) mode. The established method showed good intra-day and intra-day precision, linearity, repeatability and stability. Then the method was applied to compare 37 batches of Bupleuri Radix from different planting areas. The results showed that there was no significant difference in the saikosaponins composition of Bupleuri Radix from different planting areas in Shanxi Province, which indicating that Bupleuri Radix is well adapted to the environment, so it is suitable for widely planting. However, Bupleuri Radix harvested at spring and autumn were differed from those harvested at summer, which indicated that the traditional harvesting experience was reasonable. Correlation analysis showed that saikosaponins a and d were positively correlated with some saponins, and 4 saponins (such as clinoposaponin XII) showed bigger content variation were identified by coefficient of variation analysis. The LC-MS based pseudotargeted metabonomic method established in this study can be applied to the comprehensive detection of saikosaponins, which providing new method for the quality evaluation of Bupleuri Radix.

Protective mechanisms of Leontopodium leontopodioides extracts on lipopolysaccharide-induced acute kidney injury viathe NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway / 中国天然药物

Sepsis-induced uncontrolled systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) is a critical cause of multiple organ failure. Acute kidney injury (AKI) is one of the most serious complications associated with an extremely high mortality rate in SIRS, and it lacked simple, safe, and effective treatment strategies. Leontopodium leontopodioides (Willd.) Beauv (LLB) is commonly used in traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of acute and chronic nephritis. However, it remains unclear whether lipopolysaccharide (LPS) affects LPS-induced AKI. To identify the molecular mechanisms of LLB in LPS-induced HK-2 cells and mice, LLB was prepared by extraction with 70% methanol, while a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced HK-2 cell model and an AKI model were established in this study. Renal histopathology staining was performed to observe the morphology changes. The cell supernatant and kidney tissues were collected for determining the levels of inflammatory factors and protein expression by ELISA, immunofluorescence, and Western blot. The results indicated that LLB significantly reduced the expression of IL-6 and TNF-α in LPS-induced HK-2 cells, as well as the secretion of IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β in the supernatant. The same results were observed in LPS-induced AKI serum. Further studies revealed that LLB remarkably improved oxidative stress and apoptosis based on the content of MDA, SOD, and CAT in serum and TUNEL staining results. Notably, LLB significantly reduced the mortality due to LPS infection. Renal histopathology staining results supported these results. Furthermore, immunofluorescence and Western blot results confirmed that LLB significantly reduced the expression of the protein related to the NF-κB signaling pathway and NLRP3, ASC, and Caspase-1 which were significantly increased through LPS stimulation. These findings clearly demonstrated the potential use of LLB in the treatment of AKI and the crucial role of the NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway in the process through which LLB attenuates AKI induced by LPS.

CiteSpace knowledge map analysis of Angong Niuhuang Pills in recent twenty years / 中国中药杂志

Angong Niuhuang Pills, a classical formula in traditional Chinese medicine, are lauded as one of the "three treasures of febrile diseases" and have been widely used in the treatment of diverse disorders with definite efficacy. However, there is still a lack of bibliometric analysis of research progress and development trend regarding Angong Niuhuang Pills. Research articles on Angong Niuhuang Pills in China and abroad(2000-2022) were retrieved from CNKI and Web of Science. CiteSpace 6.1 was used to visualize the key contents of the research articles. In addition, the research status of Angong Niuhuang Pills was analyzed by information extraction to allow insight into the research trends and hotspots about Angong Niuhuang Pills. A total of 460 Chinese articles and 41 English articles were included. Beijing University of Chinese Medicine and Sun Yat-Sen University were the research institutions that have published the largest amount of research articles in Chinese and English. The keyword analysis showed that the Chinese articles focused on cerebral hemorrhage, stroke, neurological function, coma, cerebral infarction, craniocerebral injury, and clinical application, while the English articles focused on the mechanisms of cerebral ischemia, stroke, heavy metal, blood-brain barrier, and oxidative stress. Stroke, blood-brain barrier, and oxidative stress were presumably the research hotspots in the future. At present, the research on Angong Niuhuang Pills is still in the developing stage. It is necessary to highlight the in-depth research on the active components and mechanism of action and carry out large-scale randomized controlled clinical trials to provide references for the further development and application of Angong Niuhuang Pills.

FARSB stratifies prognosis and cold tumor microenvironment across different cancer types: an integrated single cell and bulk RNA sequencing analysis / 南方医科大学学报

OBJECTIVE@#Immunotherapy has brought significant clinical benefits to a subset of patients, but has thus far been disappointing in the treatment of immunologically "cold" tumors. Existing biomarkers that can precisely identify these populations are insufficient. In this context, a potential cold tumor microenvironment (TME) marker FARSB was investigated to reveal its impact on TME and patients' response to immunotherapy across pan-cancer.@*METHODS@#The expression levels and mutational landscape of FARSB in pan-cancer were investigated. Kaplan-Meier and univariate Cox regression analyses were applied to analyze the prognostic significance of FARSB. Pathways affected by FARSB were investigated by gene set enrichment and variation analysis. The relationship between FARSB expression and immune infiltration was examined using the TIMER2 and R packages. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data of several cancer types from GSE72056, GSE131907, GSE132465, GSE125449 and PMID32561858 were analyzed to validate the impact of FARSB on the TME. The predictive effect of FARSB on immunotherapy efficacy was explored in 3 immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs)- treated cohorts (PMID32472114, GSE176307, and Riaz2017).@*RESULTS@#FARSB expression was significantly higher in 25 tumor tissues than in normal tissues and was associated with poor prognosis in almost all tumor types. FARSB expression exhibited a strong association with several DNA damage repair pathways and was significantly associated with TP53 mutation in lung adenocarcinoma (P < 0.0001, OR=2.25). FARSB characterized a typical immune desert TME and correlated with impaired expression of chemokines and chemokines receptors. Large-scale scRNA-seq analysis confirmed the immunosuppressive role of FARSB and revealed that FARSB potentially shapes the cold TME by impeding intercellular interactions. In 3 ICI-treated cohorts, FARSB demonstrated predictive value for immunotherapy.@*CONCLUSION@#This study provides a pan-cancer landscape of the FARSB gene by integrated single-cell and bulk DNA sequencing analysis and elucidates its biological function to promote DNA damage repair and construct the immune desert TME, suggesting the potential value of FARSB as a novel marker for stratifying patients with poor immunotherapeutic benefits and "cold" TME.

Recent Research Progress on CircRNA in Hematological Malignancies--Review / 中国实验血液学杂志

Most hematological tumors have high-grade malignancy and low cure rate, requiring new molecular markers for detection and evaluation. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of non-coding RNAs with covalently closed-loop structures, which participate in gene transcription and translation by binding to microRNAs and proteins. In recent years, with the deepening research on circRNAs, circRNAs have been found to play an important role in hematological malignancies. In this review, the latest research progress on the function and molecular mechanism of circRNAs in hematological malignancies was systematically summarized, and it was found that circRNAs may be potential new biomarkers and therapeutic targets in hematological malignancies.

The modulation and mechanisms of high-altitude hypoxia in drug transport across the blood-brain barrier / 药学学报

The function of the central nervous system was significantly altered under high-altitude hypoxia, and these changes lead to central nervous system disease and affected the metabolism of drugs in vivo. The blood-brain barrier is essential for maintaining central nervous system stability and plays a key role in the regulation of drug metabolism, and barrier structure and dysfunction affect drug transport to the brain. Changes in the structure and function of the blood-brain barrier and the transport of drugs across the blood-brain barrier under high-altitude hypoxia are regulated by changes in brain microvascular endothelial cells, astrocytes and pericytes, and are regulated by drug metabolism factors such as drug transporters and drug metabolizing enzymes. This article reviews the effects of high-altitude hypoxia on the structure and function of the blood-brain barrier and the effects of changes in the blood-brain barrier on drug metabolism. We investigate the regulatory effects and underlying mechanisms of the blood-brain barrier and related pathways such as transcription factors, inflammatory factors and nuclear receptors on drug transport under high-altitude hypoxia.

Systematic review and Meta-analysis of efficacy and safety of Kushen Gelatum combined with antibiotics in treatment of bacterial vaginosis / 中国中药杂志

This study aims to systematically evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of Kushen Gelatum combined with antibiotics for treating bacterial vaginosis. The randomized controlled trial(RCT) of Kushen Gelatum for treating bacterial vaginosis were retrieved from CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, SinoMed, PubMed, and Cochrane Library with the time interval from inception to January 2023. Data were extracted from the included RCT by 2 investigators, including the sample size, characteristics of patients, interventions and controls, outcome indicators, and adverse effects. The Cochrane collaboration network's bias risk assessment tool was used for methodolo-gical quality evaluation of the included trials. RevMan 5.4 was employed to perform the Meta-analysis. A total of 19 RCTs were inclu-ded, involving 1 980 patients with bacterial vaginosis. Meta-analysis showed that, compared with nitroimidazoles alone, Kushen Gelatum + nitroimidazoles improved the total response rates in terms of clinical symptoms and laboratory tests(RR=1.24, 95%CI[1.13, 1.36], P<0.000 01), laboratory tests(RR=1.16, 95%CI[1.06, 1.26], P=0.000 9), and clinical symptoms(RR=1.26, 95%CI[1.08, 1.46], P=0.003), and reduced the leukocyte esterase positive rate(RR=0.29, 95%CI[0.17, 0.48], P<0.000 01) and the recurrence rate(RR=0.37, 95%CI[0.23, 0.58], P<0.000 1). Compared with lincomycin antibiotics(clindamycin) alone, Kushen Gelatum + lincomycin antibiotics(clindamycin) improved the total response rates in terms of clinical symptoms and laboratory tests(RR=1.18, 95%CI[1.06, 1.31], P=0.003) and laboratory tests(RR=1.27, 95%CI[1.04, 1.54], P=0.02), reduced the recurrence rate(RR=0.20, 95%CI[0.05, 0.75], P=0.02), and shortened the time to relief of burning sensation(MD=-1.70, 95%CI[-2.15,-1.26], P<0.000 01), vaginal itching(MD=-0.82, 95%CI[-1.30,-0.34], P=0.000 8), and abnormal leucorrhea(MD=-1.52, 95%CI[-1.98,-1.06], P<0.000 01). Compared with nitroimidazoles + probiotics, Kushen Gelatum + nitroimidazoles + probiotics improved the total response rate in terms of clinical symptoms and laboratory tests(RR=1.18, 95%CI[1.02, 1.36], P=0.03) and reduced the recurrence rate(RR=0.27, 95%CI[0.09, 0.76], P=0.01). Kushen Gelatum combined with antibiotics demonstrates a potential therapeutic effect on bacterial vaginosis, whereas the number and quality of the relevant clinical studies remain to be improved. The process of clinical trial should be standardized to improve the quality of evidence, so as to provide strong evidence to guide the application of Kushen Gelatum in clinical practice.

Discussion on the construction of healthcare and prevention integration in public hospitals in Wuhan / 中华医院管理杂志

Deep integration of healthcare and prevention in public hospitals is not only a basic function played by hospitals in their public health services, but also an inevitable choice to meet the health needs of the people in their life span. The authors analyzed the current situation in healthcare and prevention integration in Wuhan in recent years, focusing on such problems existing in the construction of healthcare and prevention integration in public hospitals, as unclear functional positioning of medical prevention integration in public hospitals, insufficient refinement of healthcare and prevention integration policies, delay in the construction of public health informatization, and poor public health awareness of medical personnel. In view of the above problems, the authors put forward the following improvement suggestions: optimizing the policy environment of healthcare and prevention integration, strengthening the leading role of the hospital management, building a hospital public health big data platform, mobilizing the initiative of clinical technicians, and improving the work identity of hospital public health workers.