Prevalence of Urinary Tract Infection among Diabetic Patients in North India.

Background: Urinary tract infections are defined as the spectrum of disease caused by invasion of microorganisms of the genitourinary tract. Symptomatic UTI may be present as a severe illness including higher frequency of bacteraemia and bilateral renal involvement with pyleonephritis or unusual clinical presentations of emphysematous cystitis. Methods: In sterile container clean voided midstream urine were collected and cultured on CLED agar, incubated at 370C overnight for visible growth. Results: Out of 100 diabetic patients 40 were males and 60 were females. Among them, 38 patients found to be suffering from UTI, in which 14 (36.84%) and female were 24 (63.16%). Escherichia coli 22 (57.90%) was most prevalent causing UTI, followed by Staphylococcus aureus 8 (21.05%), Klebsiella species 6 (15.79%), Pseudomonas species 1(2.63%) and Enterococcus species 1 (2.63%). Conclusion: High sugar level is the main cause of prevalence of urinary tract infection among the diabetic patients, so we need to control the sugar level in diabetic patients to reduce the prevalence of urinary tract infection in diabetic patients. Proper antibiotic policy in tertiary care hospitals to provide effective treatment as well as prevent the misuse of Antibiotics. However further studies with large sample size is highly recommended to further support the findings from this study.

Role of Topical Acetic Acid in Comparison to Gentamicin for the Management of Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media

Introduction: Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media (CSOM) is one of the diseases resistant to current antibiotics; persisting for more than two week; and capable of causing severe discharge, tympanic membrane perforation and deafness. This may cause distress and affect their quality of life and productivity. Aims: To assess the role of topical Acetic Acid in comparison to Gentamycin for management of CSOM. Methods: It was a Randomized, open label study. Patients diagnosed as CSOM (safe type) were randomly divided into two groups, group I - topical 1.5% Acetic acid and group II - topical 0.3% Gentamicin sulphate in a dose of three otic drops thrice daily. Follow up was done every week for two weeks and was compared on the basis of otological symptoms score. Results: The mean difference of otological symptom score at day 7 and day 14 from baseline in Group I was 1.90±1.01 and 3.40±1.08; and in Group II 1.96±0.57 and 3.12±0.74; p<0.05. Among the study groups, reduction of otological symptom scores at day 7 (Group I =3.22±1, Group II=2.66±1.76; p=0.14) and at day 14 (Group I = 1.72±1.76, Group II= 1.50±1.79; p=0.56) respectively. Also, “Treatment success” seen in 46 (92%) patients in the Acetic acid group and 44 (88%) patients in Gentamicin sulphate group. Moreover, cost of the treatment for Acetic acid was 102.94 and for Gentamicin sulphate was Rs.160.25 per person. Conclusion: Topical Acetic acid was found to be equally effective to Gentamicin sulphate for the treatment of CSOM.