Résumé
Both the increasing prevalence and growing burden of diabetes mellitus have caused global public health concerns.With the development of bio-psycho-social medical model,the impact of psychosocial factors on diabetes has attracted more attentions among the researchers.This paper summarizes findings from epidemiological studies that focusing on the association between diabetes and related psychosocial risk factors.Foreign studies have shown that psychological factors are closely related to diabetes,but the conclusions on social factors are inconsistent.Domestic studies have only targeted on small-sample-sized and cross-sectional studies.More longitudinal research is needed to confirm the impact of psychosocial factors on the risk of diabetes.
Résumé
Both the increasing prevalence and growing burden of diabetes mellitus have caused global public health concerns.With the development of bio-psycho-social medical model,the impact of psychosocial factors on diabetes has attracted more attentions among the researchers.This paper summarizes findings from epidemiological studies that focusing on the association between diabetes and related psychosocial risk factors.Foreign studies have shown that psychological factors are closely related to diabetes,but the conclusions on social factors are inconsistent.Domestic studies have only targeted on small-sample-sized and cross-sectional studies.More longitudinal research is needed to confirm the impact of psychosocial factors on the risk of diabetes.
Résumé
Objective@#To survey the mothers' acceptance of the HPV vaccination for their adolescent girls in Xiamen and to explore the influencing factors.@*Methods@#Mothers of adolescent girls were selected by multistage cluster random sampling. Data of demography of the mothers and girls, the knowledge and attitude of cervical cancer and HPV vaccine of the mothers were collected. The influencing factors of mothers' attitudes were analyzed with univariate and multivariate logistic regression.@*Results@#A total of 2 307 mothers were selected. The average age of mothers was (38.0±4.7) years. 13.1% (300) of the mothers had a family history of malignant tumor. The mothers' acceptance for vaccinating girls was 61.9% (1 428). The awareness rates of HPV and HPV vaccine were 42.5% (980) and 21.4% (493), respectively. Mothers who had family history of cancer (OR=1.36, 95%CI:1.02-1.82) showed a greater willingness to vaccinate their girls than the mothers who had not. Mothers who had knowledge of HPV (OR=1.32, 95%CI:1.08-1.62) and HPV (OR=2.03, 95%CI:1.56-2.66) vaccines showed a greater willingness to vaccinate their girls than the mothers who had not.@*Conclusion@#The mothers' acceptance to vaccinate adolescent girls against cervical cancer needs to be raised, especially for the mothers who had not family history of cancer, no-knowledge of HPV and HPV vaccines.
Résumé
Objective To examine the prevalence,disease spectrum of non-communicable chronic diseases and its risk factors among the elderly residents in Xiamen.Methods The elderly residents aged 60 or over in Xiamen were selected by stratified randomly sampling to analyze the spectrum of chronic disease.The data were analyzed by x2 test,trend x2 test and unconditional logistic regression.Results A total of 14292 elderly were investigated.The prevalence of chronic diseases was 63.3 ％.With the age increasing,the prevalence was also increased,the female residents had a higher prevalence compared with male,and the city was higher than the rural area(P ＜0.001).While suffering from two or more chronic diseases accounted for 31.9 ％.The top 5 of the most prevalent chronic diseases were osteoarthritis (30.5 ％),hypertension (30.1％),diabetes mellitus (9.7 ％),heart disease (7.9 ％),and gastrointestinal disease (7.6％).Sex,age,residence,marital status,loneliness,self-rated health are the influencing factors of the elderly in Xiamen.Conclusion More attention should be paid to the impact of osteoarthritis,hypertension,diabetes,heart disease and gastrointestinal gallbladder disease on the health of the elderly,especially osteoarthritis,and targeted to multiple chronic diseases comprehensive prevention and control and management.
Résumé
Objective To explore the risk factors of lung cancer in non-smoking Chinese women and to provide evidence for lung cancer prevention and control.Methods Information was collected on case-control studies published in the journals,both nationally and internationally from January,1995 to November,2014 that reported correlations between lung cancer and risk factors.Pooled odds ratio (OR) and 95％ confidence interval (CI) of risk factors on lung cancer in non-smoking Chinese women were calculated,using the Meta-analysis method,with sensitivity and publication bias tested.Results Information on 24 case-control studies was selected including 11 946 cumulative cases and 12 596 controls.Pooled ORs (95％CI) were shown as:history of lung diseases 1.89 (1.57,2.27),history of tuberculosis 1.86 (1.53,2.27),history of chronic bronchitis 1.51 (1.04,2.19),family history of cancers 2.02 (1.67,2.44),family history of lung cancers 2.45 (1.80,3.34),passive smoking (at workplace in adult period 1.47 (1.28,1.69),at home in adulthood 1.22 (1.09,1.36),in all life's time 1.52 (1.29,1.79),kitchen smog while cooking 2.21 (1.27,2.96),position of kitchen 1.76 (1.48,2.09),and frequency of deep frying per week 2.24 (1.61,3.12) etc.respectively.Conclusion Major risk factors related to lung cancer in non-smoking Chinese women would include lung diseases,family history of cancers,and passive smoking (tobacco smog and cooking smog).Particularly,the combination of family history and the degree of cooking presented stronger correlation effects,indicating that genetic and environmental factors jointly played an important role in the development of lung cancer.
Résumé
Objective To explore the risk factors of lung cancer in non-smoking Chinese women and to provide evidence for lung cancer prevention and control.Methods Information was collected on case-control studies published in the journals,both nationally and internationally from January,1995 to November,2014 that reported correlations between lung cancer and risk factors.Pooled odds ratio (OR) and 95％ confidence interval (CI) of risk factors on lung cancer in non-smoking Chinese women were calculated,using the Meta-analysis method,with sensitivity and publication bias tested.Results Information on 24 case-control studies was selected including 11 946 cumulative cases and 12 596 controls.Pooled ORs (95％CI) were shown as:history of lung diseases 1.89 (1.57,2.27),history of tuberculosis 1.86 (1.53,2.27),history of chronic bronchitis 1.51 (1.04,2.19),family history of cancers 2.02 (1.67,2.44),family history of lung cancers 2.45 (1.80,3.34),passive smoking (at workplace in adult period 1.47 (1.28,1.69),at home in adulthood 1.22 (1.09,1.36),in all life's time 1.52 (1.29,1.79),kitchen smog while cooking 2.21 (1.27,2.96),position of kitchen 1.76 (1.48,2.09),and frequency of deep frying per week 2.24 (1.61,3.12) etc.respectively.Conclusion Major risk factors related to lung cancer in non-smoking Chinese women would include lung diseases,family history of cancers,and passive smoking (tobacco smog and cooking smog).Particularly,the combination of family history and the degree of cooking presented stronger correlation effects,indicating that genetic and environmental factors jointly played an important role in the development of lung cancer.
Résumé
Objective To assess the correctness of statistical methods applied in the research papers of Chinese Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging (CJNMMI) and to provide suggestions for further improving.Methods Papers were obtained from CJNMMI by multi-stage sampling method between 2007 and 2011 according to the number of journals and articles each year.The statistical methods were reviewed in the aspects of statistical design,description,inference and expression.Results A total of 116 papers were collected.For the statistical design,99.1％ (115/116) used the control group and all were applied properly.The methods of randomization and blinding were used in 16.4％ (19/116) and 8.6％ (10/116) of papers,respectively,with 6 and 3 papers applied incorrectly.Statistical description was used in all papers with an accurate rate over 90.0％.The index for statistical description mainly included relative number,mean and standard deviation.The frequency for the usage of statistical tables was 45.7％ (53/116) and all were applied correctly.In 71.6％ (83/116) of papers,statistical inference methods were used,including t test,x2 test and analysis of variance.The overall incorrect rate was 29.7％ (27/91),with 27.8％ (5/18),25.5％ (12/47) and 24.0％ (6/25) for analysis of variance,t test and x2 test,respectively.The frequency for the usage of advanced statistical inference methods was 20.5％ (17/83) and all were applied correctly.For the statistical expression,98.0％ of papers provided the sample size and statistics.The incorrect rate of statistical expression was 60.3％ (70/116) and majority of the mistakes was the lack of basis for determining the sample size.Conclusions The overall correctness of statistical methods applied in the papers of CJNMMI was good,especially in statistical design,statistical description and advanced statistical inference methods.However,quality application skills need to be improved in areas such as methods of randomization,blinding,basic statistical inference and statistical expression.