Research updates of osteoimmunomodulation in osteogenesis / 细胞与分子免疫学杂志

The gold-standard for bone substitution of large bone defects continues to be autogenous bone graft. Artificial bone substitutes are difficult to replace the autogenous bone grafting due to excessive immune response, fast biodegradation characteristics and inappropriate biocompatibility. Given these drawbacks, osteoimmunology and its advanced functional biomaterials have gained growing attention in recent years. Immune system plays an essential role during bone healing via regulating the shift from inflammatory to anti-inflammation phenotype, and inflammatory cytokines response. The inflammatory reaction mainly include infiltration of immune cells (such as macrophages, neutrophils, T cells, B cells, etc) and release of inflammatory factors (such as IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, etc.) at the bone defects, which subsequently affect the step-wised process of bone healing rejuvenation. Hence, advanced bone biomaterials with immunomodulatory properties is of great significance for the treatment of patients with recalcitrant bone defects, especially for delayed healing or non-union. The reciprocal mechanism of immuno-modulated bone healing, however, is not fully understood and more research is required in the future.

Physical properties and biocompatibility of 3D printed bone microparticle/poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) scaffold / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: 3D printing technology provides possibility for the preparation of an ideal bone tissue engineering scaffold with high individualization, precise regulation of the porosity, pore size and inter-aperture connectivity. OBJECTIVE: To study the physical properties and biocompatibility of allogeneic bone microparticle/poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) composite absorbable scaffolds fabricated via fused deposition modeling 3D printing. METHODS: 3D printed bone microparticle/poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) composite absorbable scaffolds were fabricated via fused deposition modeling. The porosity, water absorption, water contact angle and in vitro degradation rate of the scaffold were measured. (1) Cytotoxicity test: Rabbit adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells were cultured in normal medium (negative control group) and composite scaffold extract (experimental group) for 1, 3, 5, 7 days, and cell counting kit-8 was then used to detect cell proliferation. (2) Hemolysis test: Rabbit anti-clotting was added to physiological saline, distilled water and composite scaffold extract, and the hemolysis rate was detected after 50 minutes. (3) Acute toxicity test: The physiological saline and composite scaffold extracts were intraperitoneally injected into the rabbits respectively to observe the general condition of rabbits and the pathological changes of important organs. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The porosity, water absorption and water contact angle of the composite scaffold were (60.86±2.88) ％, (53.98±2.04) ％ and (76.27±0.34) °, respectively. (2) After in vitro immersion in PBS for 4 weeks, the absorbable composite scaffold degraded relatively slowly, and the scaffold morphology remained stable, while the degradation rate accelerated after 4 weeks. The scaffold was almost completely absorbed at about 11 weeks, and it is a relatively ideal absorbable scaffold material. (3) There was no difference in cell proliferation between the experimental group and the negative control group at different time points (P> 0.05) . The cytotoxicity of the absorbable composite scaffold was grade 1. (4) The hemolysis rate of the absorbable composite scaffold was 3.8％, which met the hemolytic requirement of biomedical materials (the hemolysis rate of less than 5％) . (5) Within 72 hours after injection of absorbable scaffold extract, the rabbits showed no acute toxic reaction, as well as no pathological changes in the liver, heart and kidney were observed after 7 days of injection. (6) To conclude, the 3D printed allogeneic bone microparticle/poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) fabricated via fused deposition modeling 3D printing has preferable physical properties and biocompatibility.

Dynamic characteristics of intracellular complement components mRNA in different mouse macrophage ANA-1 polarization / 中国免疫学杂志

Objective:To reveal the dynamic characteristics of the intracellular complement mRNA from mouse macrophage ANA-1 treated with LPS or IL-4. Methods:The polarization models of macrophage ANA-1 were established by treating with LPS(1μg/ml) and IL-4(20 ng/ml),respectively. After treating at 3,8,12 and 24 h,the total RNA were abstracted by Trizol lysis methods . The macrophage polarization were estimated by the expression of IL-1β, CCL2 and Arg-1 mRNA detected by Real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR. The intracellular complement C1q, C3, CfB and CRIg mRNA were quantitatively analyzed. Results: The mouse macrophage ANA-1 cells treated with LPS was polarized to M1 since the levels of IL-1β and CCL2 mRNA were up-regulated significantly,in which their 2-△△Ct value were up to 297. 0±31. 0 and 19. 9±3. 3 respectively at 12 h. On the other hand,the ANA-1 cells treated with IL-4 was polarized to M2 because the level of Arg-1 mRNA was obviously higher( the 2-△△Ct value of Arg-1 mRNA was up to 27.3±9.1 at 24 h)(P<0.05).The intracellular complement C1q,C3,CfB and CRIg mRNAs all were up-regulated in different polarized macrophages. The intracellular C1q and C3 mRNA in polarized M2 were significantly higher,in which the peak value of C1q and C3 were to 94. 9±12. 9 and 11. 3±2. 4 at 12 h,respectively(P<0. 05). Reversely,the CfB mRNA in polarized M1 increased obviously,in which its 2-△△Ct was to 61. 4±6. 2 at 12 h. In addition,the CRIg mRNA in both groups was only up-regulated at 24 h,in which the 2-△△Ct value was 6. 5±1. 8 in M1 and 10. 8±3. 2 in M2(P<0. 05). Conclusion: The macrophage ANA-1 cell polarization models were successfully established by treated with LPS or IL-4. The intracellular complement C1q,C3 and CRIg mRNA in polarized M2 were transcripted more than in M1. But the intracellular CfB mRNA in polarized M1 was up-regulated significantly. These results suggested that the dynamic characteristic of complement components in different polarized macrophage would be correlated with its fun-tions.

A relevant research on quality of life and self-awareness in girls with idiopathic central precocious puberty / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To investigate the characteristics of quality of life (QoL) and self-awareness in girls with idiopathic central precocious puberty (ICPP) and the correlation between QoL and the self-awareness.Methods The inventory of subjective life quality (ISLQ) and Children's self-concept scale (PHCSS) were employed to evaluate the level of QoL and self-awareness in 24 ICPP girls with ICPP (ICPP group) and 24 normal control girls (control group),and the correlation analysis between QoL and the self-awareness in the ICPP group was made.Results The score of overall (70.85±14.11 vs 80.21±6.07) and emotion component satisfaction (62.61± 12.91 vs 73.74±5.02),dimensions satisfaction on school life (5.80± 1.44 vs 6.69±0.65),depression experience (6.55± 1.14 vs 7.29±0.45),anxiety experience (5.93± 1.35 vs 6.96±0.82) and physical emotion (6.33±1.17 vs 7.12±0.83) in ICPP group was respectively lower than control group (P＜0.05).There was no difference in cognitive component between control group and ICPP group,as well as for other dimension satisfaction.Moreover,the score in total self-awareness,physical appearance and anxiety in ICPP group was respectively lower than those in control group (P＜0.05).In addition,a positive correlation was found between the subjective QoL and the children self-concept in ICPP group (P＜0.01).Conclusion The girls with ICPP show a lower subjective QoL and self assessment than normal girls.It is important to take care of the psychological feature of the girls with ICPP to improve the self-assessment and overall QoL during the medication.

Effects of intragastric administration of formaldehyde on superoxide dismutase activities and malondialdehyde contents in liver of mice / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the effects of intragastric administration of formaldehyde on lipid peroxidation in mice.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Thirty ICR mice were randomly divided into 3 groups: one control group and two experimental groups. The mice were given formaldehyde (the dose is 0, 5 and 20 mg/kg body weight respectively) through intragastric administration once a day for 5 days , and then they were killed. The activities of SOD and the contents of MDA in liver were measured.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The activities of SOD in the 20 mg/kg body weight group were significantly lower than the control group (P < 0.05), and the contents of MDA in the 20 mg/kg body weight group were significantly higher than the control group (P < 0.05), and the liver organ coefficient in the 20 mg/kg body weight group is higher than the control group (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>A certain dose of formaldehyde can destroy the balance of lipid peroxidation in mice, the ability of antioxidation is reduced obviously, and the liver become compensatory hypertrophy.</p>

Intracoronary abciximab administration for patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention:a meta-analysis of randomized trials / 重庆医学

Objective To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of intracoronary abciximab administration as compared to intravenous in percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) .Methods A search was conducted in PubMed ,EMBASE ,OVID ,CBM , CNKI and VIP for the randomized controlled trials (RCTs)of intracoronary abciximab administration versus intravenous in PCI , from the date of their establishment to September 30 ,2013 ,and the domestic relevant papers published in recent 1 year were also searched manually ,the bibliographies of the included studies were searched too .According to the criteria of the cochrane Hand-book ,two reviewers evaluated the quality of the included RCTs and extracted data independently ,and then the extracted data were analyzed by using RevMan 5 .1 software .Results 8 RCTs involving 10 articles with 4 150 patients who treated with PCI were in-cluded .The results of meta-analysis showed that :(1) Compared intravenous administration and intracoronary abciximab administra-tion ,there were no significant differences in the two groups for the major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE) and the mortality (OR=0 .78 ,95% CI 0 .54-1 .14 ,P=0 .20) ,(OR=0 .56 ,95% CI 0 .24-1 .30 ,P=0 .18) .(2)Compared with intravenous adminis-tration ,intracoronary abciximab administration were not associated with any excess of major bleeding complications :(OR=1 .26 , 95% CI 0 .78-2 .02 ,P=0 .35) .Conclusion Compared with standard abciximab regimen of intravenous bolus ,intracoronary admin-istration had equivalent effects in clinical outcomes in patients undergoing PCI ,and did not increase the incidence of bleeding events .

Adenosine A2A receptor antagonist 8-( 3-Chlorostyryl) caffeine improves motor complication in Parkinson's disease / 中华神经科杂志

Objective To investigate cellular and behavioral effects of adenosine A2A receptor antagonist in a rat model of levodopa-induced motor complications.Methods The hemi-parkinsonian rat model was produced by stereotaxically injecting 6-OHDA to right medial forebmin bundle(MFB).Animals were intraperitoneally treated with levodopa 50 mg/kg plus benserazide 12.5 mg/kg twice a day for 22 days levodopa + vehicle.Rotational duration was estimated.After they were sacrificed,the expression of adenosine A2A receptor was observed by immunohistochemistry and Western blot.Results CSC,reversing the shortened rotational duration induced by levodopa,prolonged the rotational duration.This effect was maintained fil the end of the treatment.The chronic levedopa treatment induced an upregulation of adenosine A2A receptor expression in the lesioned striatum (IOD,(11.55±2.75)×104).The subsequent CSC treatment decreased the adenosine A2A receptor expression to the level of control (IOD,(6.02±1.29)× 104) and PD group (IOD,(5.60±1.83)×104>,F=33.31,P<0.05).Conclusion These results suggest that adenosine A2A receptor is probably involved in the development of levodopa induced motor complications and adenosine A2A receptor antagonist could be useful in the treatment of motor comphcations in parkinsonian patients.

Preparation and Quality Control of Anticancer Herbal Suppository / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To establish the quality control standard of anticancer herbal suppository METHODS:The polygonaceae and cantharidin were qualitatively and quantitatively detected by TLC and UV-spectrophotometry respectively RESU_LTS:TLC was suitable for qualitative analysis of polygonaceae and UV-spectrophotometry for quantitative analysis of cantharidin CONCLUSION:TLC and UV-spectrophotometry can be used in quality control of this preparation

Pharmacodynamics and Clinical Therapeutic Effect of Jiakang Ⅰ Oral Liquid / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the pharmacodynamics and therapeutic effect of Jiakang Ⅰ oral liquid.METHODS:The drug actions of tapazole,NS and Jiakang Ⅰ were compared in the animal model of hyperthyroidism.205 hyperthyroidism cases were treated with Jiakang Ⅰ in a double blind design and the therapeutic effect was observed.RESULTS:Pharmacodynamic observation revealed that Jiakang Ⅰ could decreased T3,T4 and increase TSH significantly in rats.Compared with control group treated with tapazole or NS,in Jiakang Ⅰ group,T3 and T4 were obviously reduced and TSH was increased and the clinical symptoms were alleviated without any marked adverse reaction.CONCLUSION:The hyperthyroidism animal model can be applied to evaluating the pharmacodynamic effect of Jiakang Ⅰ.This drug has satisfactory therapeutic effect on hyperthyroidism.