Efficacy and safety of tulobuterol patch versus oral salbutamol sulfate in children with mild or moderate acute attack of bronchial asthma: a comparative study / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare tulobuterol patch and oral salbutamol sulfate in terms of efficacy and safety in children with mild or moderate acute attack of bronchial asthma.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 92 children with mild and moderate acute asthmatic attack were randomly divided into salbutamol group (n=46) and tulobuterol group (n=46). Both groups received routine treatment with antihistamine, selective leukotriene receptor antagonist and glucocorticoid. In addition, the salbutamol group was given slow-release capsules of salbutamol sulfate, and the tulobuterol group was treated with tulobuterol patch. The two groups were compared with respect to symptom scores of cough, wheeze, respiratory rate, wheezing sound, three depression sign and peak expiratory flow, as well as adverse events.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>As the treatment proceeded, symptom scores decreased in both groups; on the third day of treatment, all symptom scores except cough score showed a significant decrease in both groups (P<0.05), but the tulobuterol group had significantly lower symptom scores than the salbutamol group (P<0.05). On the fourteenth day of treatment, both groups had a significant decrease in cough score (P<0.05), but the tulobuterol group had a significantly lower cough score than the salbutamol group (P<0.05). One child developed hand trembling in the salbutamol group, while no adverse event occurred in the tulobuterol group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Compared with oral salbutamol sulfate, tulobuterol patch has a better therapeutic efficacy and a higher safety in children with mild or moderate acute asthmatic attack.</p>

IL-13 R110Q, a Naturally Occurring IL-13 Polymorphism, Confers Enhanced Functional Activity in Cultured Human Bronchial Smooth Muscle Cells

PURPOSE: Interleukin (IL)-13, a Th2-type cytokine, plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of asthma through its direct effects on airway smooth muscles. A naturally occurring IL-13 polymorphism, R110Q, is strongly associated with increased total serum IgE levels and asthma. In the present study, we aimed to determine whether the IL-13 R110Q variant would display different biochemical properties or altered functions in comparison with wild-type (WT) IL-13 in cultured human bronchial smooth muscle cells (hBSMCs). METHODS: Culture supernatants and cell proteins were collected from cultured hBSMCs that were treated with 50 ng/mL IL-13 or IL-13 R110Q for 24 hours. Eotaxin released into hBSMC culture medium was determined by ELISA. The expression levels of the high-affinity IgE receptor (FcepsilonRI) alpha-chain, smooth muscle-specific actin alpha chain (alpha-SMA), smooth muscle myosin heavy chain (SmMHC), and calreticulin in the cells were measured on Western blots. RESULTS: Compared with WT IL-13, treatment with the IL-13 R110Q variant resulted in a significant increase in eotaxin release as well as significant, although modest, increases in the expression levels of alpha-SMA, SmMHC, calreticulin, and FcepsilonRI alpha-chain. CONCLUSIONS: The results of the present study suggenst that the IL-13 R110Q variant may enhance enhanced functional activities in hBSMCs.

IL-13 R110Q, a Naturally Occurring IL-13 Polymorphism, Confers Enhanced Functional Activity in Cultured Human Bronchial Smooth Muscle Cells

PURPOSE: Interleukin (IL)-13, a Th2-type cytokine, plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of asthma through its direct effects on airway smooth muscles. A naturally occurring IL-13 polymorphism, R110Q, is strongly associated with increased total serum IgE levels and asthma. In the present study, we aimed to determine whether the IL-13 R110Q variant would display different biochemical properties or altered functions in comparison with wild-type (WT) IL-13 in cultured human bronchial smooth muscle cells (hBSMCs). METHODS: Culture supernatants and cell proteins were collected from cultured hBSMCs that were treated with 50 ng/mL IL-13 or IL-13 R110Q for 24 hours. Eotaxin released into hBSMC culture medium was determined by ELISA. The expression levels of the high-affinity IgE receptor (FcepsilonRI) alpha-chain, smooth muscle-specific actin alpha chain (alpha-SMA), smooth muscle myosin heavy chain (SmMHC), and calreticulin in the cells were measured on Western blots. RESULTS: Compared with WT IL-13, treatment with the IL-13 R110Q variant resulted in a significant increase in eotaxin release as well as significant, although modest, increases in the expression levels of alpha-SMA, SmMHC, calreticulin, and FcepsilonRI alpha-chain. CONCLUSIONS: The results of the present study suggenst that the IL-13 R110Q variant may enhance enhanced functional activities in hBSMCs.

Effect of Loratadine combined with de-escalation therapy for wheeze in infants / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objeetive To evaluate the efficacy of loratadine combined with de-escalation therapy for infant wheeze.Methods One hundred out-patients from Dec.2011 to Apr.2012 were randomly divided into 2 groups:Loratadine combined with de-escalation therapy was adopted in Loratadine group,while no Loratadine was taken in control group.The dose of Loratadine was 0.3 mL/(kg · d),14 days ; oral Prednisone 0.5 mg/(kg · d),3 days; Azithromycin 10 mg/(kg · d),3 days; Tulobuterol patch 0.5 mg/d,7 days; Montelukast 4 mg/d,14 days.Control group abolished Loratadine,but the rest of drugs were same as Loratadine group.Results The respiratory symptoms (gasp,wheeze sound,phlegm removal difficulty) and the nasal symptoms (including nasal congestion,sneeze,runny nose)in the acute phase of infant wheeze all had therapeutic effect,and there were significant differences in scoring symptoms (all P ＜ 0.05).The Loratadine group had certain treatment effect on eczema.The cough symptoms in 3 days,7days,14 days of the treatment had statistically significant differences between the both groups (all P ＜ 0.05).And there were statistical differences in eczema symptom of the Loratadine group in 7 days and 14 days of treatment (all P ＜ 0.05).Control group still had no statistical differences (all P ＞ 0.05).Days of improvement in symptoms,wheeze recurrence rate and frequency of respiratory infections in I month between 2 groups had no significant differences.Conclusions Loratadine can obviously improve the patients' breathing cough symptoms,and play a certain role in the treatment combined with de-escalation therapy in infant wheezing,and has high safety and eczema therapy effect.Loratadine can be used in clinic personally according to the patient's condition.

Effects of Clara Cell Secretary Protein in Modulating Lung Inflammatory and Immune Responses to Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection / 实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To determine a possible role for Clara cell secretary protein(CCSP)during acute RSV infection.Method CCSP-deficient [CCSP (-/-)]and wild-type (WT) mice were intratracheally infected with RSV and the lung inflammatory response to RSV infection were assessed.Results RSV-F gene expression increased in the lungs of CCSP (-/-) mice compared to WT mice following RSV infection, consistent with increased viral persistence. Lung inflammation was significantly worsened in CCSP (-/-) mice compared to WT mice after RSV infection. Th2 cytokines and neutrophil chemokines increased in the lungs of CCSP (-/-) mice following RSV infection.Conclusion These findings suggest that lack of CCSP may promote the inflammatory and Th2 immune response to RSV infection.