RÉSUMÉ
Objective @#To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and pathogen spectrum of hand，foot mouth disease (HFMD) in Anhui province from 2015 to 2022，and to provide scientific evidence for prevention and control measures of HFMD．@*Methods @# The surveillance data of hand，foot and mouth disease in Anhui province from 2015 to 2022 were analyzed by descriptive epidemiology. Real-time PCR was used to detect and classify HFMD samples. @*Results @#A total of 650 590 HFMD cases were reported in Anhui province from 2015 to 2022，including 1 406 se- vere cases and 17 deaths．The annual reported incidence was 131. 45 /100 000．The epidemic features of“low incidence in odd years and high incidence in even years”were presented from 2015 to 2019．The incidence showed a continuous decline from 2020 to 2022．The monthly distribution showed the characteristics of bimodal epidemic，and the main peak was not obvious in 2020．Hefei，Fuyang，Bozhou，Chuzhou and Suzhou ranked the top five cities in terms of cumulative incidence．The age of onset was mainly distributed in children aged 5 years and below，accounting for 89. 26% of the total cases．The male to female ratio was 1. 48 ∶ 1．A total of 28 657 laboratory-confirmed cases had been reported from 2015 to 2022．EV71 cases accounted for 10. 57% ，Cox A16 cases accounted for 24. 90% ，and other enterovirus cases accounted for 64. 53%．The dominant pathogens showed dynamic changes in different years．Since 2018，the proportion of EV71 decreased significantly，and the proportion of other enteroviruses gradually increased to become the dominant pathogens．Among other enteroviruses，Cox A6 strain was dominant (80. 48% ) ．@*Conclusion @# This study suggests that the prevention and control of HFMD in Anhui province should be paid more attention from April to July and from October to December．The focus areas are the cities in northern Anhui and Hefei where the floating population is large．The focus of prevention and control is on children aged 5 years and below．Other enteroviruses have become the dominant pathogens of hand-foot-mouth disease in Anhui province，Cox A6 strain is dominant.
RÉSUMÉ
Objective@#To analyze the genotype diversity and phylogenetic characterization of norovirus(NoV) in patients with diarrhea from Anhui province.@*Methods@#NoV positive fecal specimens from sentinel hospitals were collected from January, 2016 to December, 2017. The samples were detected by Real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR. Positive samples were of randomly selected and amplified by RT-PCR and the products were sequenced. Phylogenetic tree was constructed by the Neighbor-Joining method based on partial VP1 gene regions of NoV to perform phylogenetic analysis.@*Results@#A total of 263 NoV positive samples were genotyped, of which 239 belonged to genogroup II, 24 belonged to genogroup I. Fifty-five positive samples were successfully sequenced. There were 6 NoV GII genotypes, which included GII.2, 3, 4/Sydney_2012, 13, 17 and 21, while NV GII.17 and GII.4 were the dominant genotypes from 2016 to 2017. The predominant genotype was GII.4/Sydney 2012 (47.27%, 26/55), followed by GII.17 (23.64%, 13/55) and GII.2 (14.55%, 8/55). Phylogenetic tree showed that 26 strains belonged to genotype GII.4/Sydney 2012, NoV. The nucleotide homology among the 26 VP1 genes was 97.8% to 100%. Analysis of the partial VP1 genes of 26 strains showed that it shared the highest homology of 98.9% with the strain of GII.4Sydney2012 (GenBank ID: KU720515). However, the prevailing genotype in the Anhui province has shifted on two separate occasions, the GII.17 strain was dominant in 2016, and the GII.4/Sydney 2012 strain was dominant in 2017.@*Conclusions@#NoV GII was the major pathogen causing sporadic diarrhea in Anhui province during from 2016 to 2017, the genotypes are widely distributed, and shifted into the two predominant strains.