Obstructive jaundice induces early depression of mitochondrial respiration in rat hepatocytes / A icterícia obstrutiva induz depressão precoce da respiração mitocondrial em hepatócitos de ratos

INTRODUCTION: Oxidative phosphorylation dysfunction of hepatocyte mitochondria is involved in the pathophysiology of organ dysfunction following obstructive jaundice (OJ). However the time period from biliary occlusion to the occurrence of the dysfunction has not been determined decisively. PURPOSE: To evaluate the early effects (1 d and 7 d) of OJ on liver mitochondria respiratory function in rats. METHODS: Male Wistar rats (200-250 g) were randomly divided into the following 3 groups: laparotomy plus OJ for 24 h (1d group) (n = 10); laparotomy plus OJ for 7 d (7d group) (n = 10); sham control procedure (CTR group) (n = 12). At the end of OJ periods, total serum bilirubin level, hepatic enzyme activity levels (GOT, GTP, Gama-GT, ALP), mitochondrial respiration phases S3 and S4, as well as the respiratory control ratio (RC = S3/S4), and ADP consumption/oxygen consumption (ADP/O) ratio, were determined. RESULTS: Total serum bilirubin, activity of most hepatic enzymes, and O2 consumption during basal (S4) respiration were increased in the 1d and 7d groups (ANOVA, p = 0.05 vs. CTR). After ADP addition, the O2 consumption rate (S3) in the 1d group remained similar to the CTR rate (ANOVA p > .05), while the RC rate was reduced (ANOVA, p = 0.001) vs. CTR. The effects observed on mitochondrial respiration in the 1d group were exacerbated in the 7d group. CONCLUSION: These results indicate that OJ induces early (24 h) depression of liver mitochondria respiration, and thus may lead to early reduction in the production of high energy bonds.

INTRODUÇÃO: A disfunção da fosforilação oxidativa das mitocôndrias do hepatócito está envolvida na fisiopatologia da disfunção orgânica subseqüente à icterícia obstrutiva (IO). Entretanto, a precocidade da ocorrência desta disfunção permanece obscura. OBJETIVO: Avaliar o efeito precoce da IO na função respiratória mitocondrial em ratos. MÉTODOS: Ratos Wistar machos (200 a 250g) foram randomizados em 3 grupos que foram submetidos a laparotomia mais: IO por 24hs (grupo 1d)(n=10); IO por 7 dias (grupo 7d)(n=10; procedimento simulado (grupo CTR)(n=12). Ao final dos períodos de IO, foram determinados: bilirrubina sérica total, atividade de enzimas hepáticas (TGO, TGP, Gama-GT, FA), e as fases S3 e S4 da respiração mitocondrial, bem como o razão do controle respiratório (RC = S3/S4), e a razão entre consumo de ADP/consumo de oxigênio (ADP/O). RESULTADOS: Observou-se significativo aumento de bilirrubina sérica total, enzimas hepáticas, e consumo de O2 durante a respiração basal (S4) no grupo de IO por 24hs (ANOVA, p=0.009). Após adição de ADP, a taxa de consumo de O2 (S3) não diminuiu significativamente no grupo de IO, comparado com o CTR (ANOVA, p>0.05); entretanto, a razão do controle respiratório (RC) foi significativamente mais baixa comparada com o CTR (ANOVA, p=0.001). Os efeitos observados na respiração mitocondrial no grupo do dia 1d estavam exacerbados no grupo 7d. CONCLUSÃO: Estes resultados indicam que a icterícia obstrutiva induz depressão precoce (24hs) da respiração mitocondrial, e pode assim levar à redução da produção de ligações de alta energia.

Obstructive jaundice induces early depression of mitochondrial respiration in rat hepatocytes

INTRODUCTION: Oxidative phosphorylation dysfunction of hepatocyte mitochondria is involved in the pathophysiology of organ dysfunction following obstructive jaundice (OJ). However the time period from biliary occlusion to the occurrence of the dysfunction has not been determined decisively. PURPOSE: To evaluate the early effects (1 d and 7 d) of OJ on liver mitochondria respiratory function in rats. METHODS: Male Wistar rats (200-250 g) were randomly divided into the following 3 groups: laparotomy plus OJ for 24 h (1d group) (n = 10); laparotomy plus OJ for 7 d (7d group) (n = 10); sham control procedure (CTR group) (n = 12). At the end of OJ periods, total serum bilirubin level, hepatic enzyme activity levels (GOT, GTP, Gama-GT, ALP), mitochondrial respiration phases S3 and S4, as well as the respiratory control ratio (RC = S3/S4), and ADP consumption/oxygen consumption (ADP/O) ratio, were determined. RESULTS: Total serum bilirubin, activity of most hepatic enzymes, and O2 consumption during basal (S4) respiration were increased in the 1d and 7d groups (ANOVA, p = 0.05 vs. CTR). After ADP addition, the O2 consumption rate (S3) in the 1d group remained similar to the CTR rate (ANOVA p > .05), while the RC rate was reduced (ANOVA, p = 0.001) vs. CTR. The effects observed on mitochondrial respiration in the 1d group were exacerbated in the 7d group. CONCLUSION: These results indicate that OJ induces early (24 h) depression of liver mitochondria respiration, and thus may lead to early reduction in the production of high energy bonds.

INTRODUÇÃO: A disfunção da fosforilação oxidativa das mitocôndrias do hepatócito está envolvida na fisiopatologia da disfunção orgânica subseqüente à icterícia obstrutiva (IO). Entretanto, a precocidade da ocorrência desta disfunção permanece obscura. OBJETIVO: Avaliar o efeito precoce da IO na função respiratória mitocondrial em ratos. MÉTODOS: Ratos Wistar machos (200 a 250g) foram randomizados em 3 grupos que foram submetidos a laparotomia mais: IO por 24hs (grupo 1d)(n=10); IO por 7 dias (grupo 7d)(n=10; procedimento simulado (grupo CTR)(n=12). Ao final dos períodos de IO, foram determinados: bilirrubina sérica total, atividade de enzimas hepáticas (TGO, TGP, Gama-GT, FA), e as fases S3 e S4 da respiração mitocondrial, bem como o razão do controle respiratório (RC = S3/S4), e a razão entre consumo de ADP/consumo de oxigênio (ADP/O). RESULTADOS: Observou-se significativo aumento de bilirrubina sérica total, enzimas hepáticas, e consumo de O2 durante a respiração basal (S4) no grupo de IO por 24hs (ANOVA, p=0.009). Após adição de ADP, a taxa de consumo de O2 (S3) não diminuiu significativamente no grupo de IO, comparado com o CTR (ANOVA, p>0.05); entretanto, a razão do controle respiratório (RC) foi significativamente mais baixa comparada com o CTR (ANOVA, p=0.001). Os efeitos observados na respiração mitocondrial no grupo do dia 1d estavam exacerbados no grupo 7d. CONCLUSÃO: Estes resultados indicam que a icterícia obstrutiva induz depressão precoce (24hs) da respiração mitocondrial, e pode assim levar à redução da produção de ligações de alta energia.

Avaliação do efluxo de colesterol mediado pela HDL isolada de pacientes com baixos níveis plasmáticos de HDL e doença arterial coronariana / Cellular cholesterol efflux mediated by HDL isolated from subjects with low HDL levels and coronary artery disease

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to verify whether HDL particles isolated from patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and low HDL-C had diminished ability to promote cholesterol efflux from cultured cells compared with HDL isolated from subjects without CAD and with normal HDL-C. METHODS: Smooth muscle cells isolated from human aortas cultured and radiolabeled with ³H-cholesterol were loaded with cholesterol and incubated with increasing concentrations of HDL isolated from 13 CAD patients with low HDL-C (CAD group) or from 5 controls without CAD (C group). Efflux of cellular cholesterol was measured by cellular depletion of radiolabeled cholesterol and by the appearance of ³H-cholesterol into experimental medium expressed as a percentage of total labeled cholesterol. RESULTS: Cholesterol efflux increased with the amount of HDL present in the medium, and no difference was found between groups at various HDL protein concentrations: efflux was 28 ± 6.3 percent (C) and 25.5 ± 8.9 percent (CAD) with 25 mg/mL; 34 ± 4.3 percent (C) and 31.9 ± 6.6 percent (CD) with 50 mg/mL and 39.5 ± 3.5 percent (C) and 37.1 ± 4.4 percent (CAD) with 100 mg/mL, HDL. CONCLUSION: Because the HDL fraction of CAD patients with low HDL-C have normal ability to extract cholesterol from cells of the vessel wall, it is suggested that low HDL-C atherogenicity should be ascribed to diminished concentrations of HDL particles rather than to the qualitative properties of the HDL fraction