Effect of Ganmai Dazao Decoction on ethology of rats with PTSD and its mechanism / 中国中药杂志

This study aimed to explore the effect of Ganmai Dazao Decoction on the ethology of rats with posttraumatic stress disorder(PTSD) and study the related mechanism through the changes in magnetic resonance imaging and protein expression. Sixty rats were randomly divided into 6 groups, namely the normal group, the model group, the low(1 g·kg~(-1)), medium(2 g·kg~(-1)), and high-dose Ganmai Dazao Decoction groups(4 g·kg~(-1)), and the positive control group(intragastric administration with 10.8 mg·kg~(-1) of fluoxetine), with 10 rats in each group. Two weeks after inducing PTSD by single-prolonged stress(SPS) in rats, the positive control group was given fluoxetine hydrochloride capsule by gavage, the low, medium, and high-dose groups were given Ganmai Dazao Decoction by gavage, and both the normal group and the model group were given the same volume of normal saline by gavage, each for 7 days. The open field experiment, elevated cross elevated maze, forced swimming experiment, and new object recognition test were carried out for the behavioral test. Three rats in each group were selected to detect the expression of neuropeptide receptor Y1(NPY1R) protein in the hippocampus by Western blot. Then, the other three rats in each group were selected to use the 9.4T magnetic resonance imaging experiment to observe the overall structural changes in the brain region and the anisotropy fraction of the hippocampus. The results of the open field experiment showed that the total distance and central distance of rats in the model group were significantly lower than those in the normal group, and the total distance and central distance of rats in the middle and high-dose Ganmai Dazao Decoction groups were higher than those in the model group. The results of the elevated cross maze test showed that medium and high-dose Ganmai Dazao Decoction remarkably increased the number of open arm entries and the residence time of open arm of rats with PTSD. The results of the forced swimming experiment showed that the immobility time in the water of the model group rats was significantly higher than that of the normal group, and Ganmai Dazao Decoction hugely reduced the immobility time in the water of rats with PTSD. The results of the new object recognition test showed that Ganmai Dazao Decoction significantly increased the exploration time of new objects and familiar objects in rats with PTSD. The results of Western blot showed that Ganmai Dazao Decoction significantly reduced the expression of NYP1R protein in the hippocampus of rats with PTSD. The 9.4T magnetic resonance examination found that there was no significant difference in the structural image among the groups. In the functional image, the fractional anisotropy(FA value) of the hippocampus in the model group was significantly lower than that in the normal group. The FA value of the hippocampus in the middle and high-dose Ganmai Dazao Decoction groups was higher than that in the model group. Ganmai Dazao Decoction reduces the injury of hippocampal neurons by inhibiting the expression of NYP1R in the hippocampus of rats with PTSD, thereby improving the nerve function injury of rats with PTSD and playing a neuroprotective role.

Enhancing effect and mechanism of muscone on transdermal penetration of traditional Chinese medicine ingredients with different log P value / 中国中药杂志

This study aimed to investigate the enhancing effect of muscone on the transdermal penetration of traditional Chinese medicine ingredients and explore its possible mechanism of action. The Franz diffusion cells were employed to investigate the effect of muscone on the transdermal permeation of a series of model drugs with a wide range of log P values. The solubilities at saturation and the stratum corneum(SC)/vehicle partition coefficients of model drugs were measured to evaluate the effect of muscone on drug thermodynamic activities and partition of drugs into SC. Attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(ATR-FTIR) was employed to explore the effect of muscone on the molecular structure of SC. The results showed that muscone significantly promoted the transdermal penetration of hydrophilic and lipophilic drugs, and the enhancement ratio(ER) increased with the decrease in the log P. Muscone could interact with the SC lipids to increase the disorder and fluidity of lipid bilayer packing, which improved skin permeability and promoted transdermal absorption of drugs. This study provides a scientific basis for the application of muscone in traditional Chinese medicine topical preparations.

A multi-center retrospective study of perioperative chemotherapy for gastric cancer based on real-world data / 中华胃肠外科杂志

Objective: To explore the effect of perioperative chemotherapy on the prognosis of gastric cancer patients under real-world condition. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was carried out. Real world data of gastric cancer patients receiving perioperative chemotherapy and surgery + adjuvant chemotherapy in 33 domestic hospitals from January 1, 2014 to January 31, 2016 were collected. Inclusion criteria: (1) gastric adenocarcinoma was confirmed by histopathology, and clinical stage was cT2-4aN0-3M0 (AJCC 8th edition); (2) D2 radical gastric cancer surgery was performed; (3) at least one cycle of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) was completed; (4) at least 4 cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) [SOX (S-1+oxaliplatin) or CapeOX (capecitabine + oxaliplatin)] were completed. Exclusion criteria: (1) complicated with other malignant tumors; (2) radiotherapy received; (3) patients with incomplete data. The enrolled patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy and adjuvant chemotherapy were included in the perioperative chemotherapy group, and those who received only postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy were included in the surgery + adjuvant chemotherapy group. Propensity score matching (PSM) method was used to control selection bias. The primary outcome were overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) after PSM. OS was defined as the time from the first neoadjuvant chemotherapy (operation + adjuvant chemotherapy group: from the date of operation) to the last effective follow-up or death. PFS was defined as the time from the first neoadjuvant chemotherapy (operation + adjuvant chemotherapy group: from the date of operation) to the first imaging diagnosis of tumor progression or death. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate the survival rate, and the Cox proportional hazards model was used to evaluate the independent effect of perioperative chemo therapy on OS and PFS. Results: 2 045 cases were included, including 1 293 cases in the surgery+adjuvant chemotherapy group and 752 cases in the perioperative chemotherapy group. After PSM, 492 pairs were included in the analysis. There were no statistically significant differences in gender, age, body mass index, tumor stage before treatment, and tumor location between the two groups (all P>0.05). Compared with the surgery + adjuvant chemotherapy group, patients in the perioperative chemotherapy group had higher proportion of total gastrectomy (χ(2)=40.526, P<0.001), smaller maximum tumor diameter (t=3.969, P<0.001), less number of metastatic lymph nodes (t=1.343, P<0.001), lower ratio of vessel invasion (χ(2)=11.897, P=0.001) and nerve invasion (χ(2)=12.338, P<0.001). In the perioperative chemotherapy group and surgery + adjuvant chemotherapy group, 24 cases (4.9%) and 17 cases (3.4%) developed postoperative complications, respectively, and no significant difference was found between two groups (χ(2)=0.815, P=0.367). The median OS of the perioperative chemotherapy group was longer than that of the surgery + adjuvant chemotherapy group (65 months vs. 45 months, HR: 0.74, 95% CI: 0.62-0.89, P=0.001); the median PFS of the perioperative chemotherapy group was also longer than that of the surgery+adjuvant chemotherapy group (56 months vs. 36 months, HR=0.72, 95% CI:0.61-0.85, P<0.001). The forest plot results of subgroup analysis showed that both men and women could benefit from perioperative chemotherapy (all P<0.05); patients over 45 years of age (P<0.05) and with normal body mass (P<0.01) could benefit significantly; patients with cTNM stage II and III presented a trend of benefit or could benefit significantly (P<0.05); patients with signet ring cell carcinoma benefited little (P>0.05); tumors in the gastric body and gastric antrum benefited more significantly (P<0.05). Conclusion: Perioperative chemotherapy can improve the prognosis of gastric cancer patients.

Study on mechanism of Valerianae Jatamansi Rhizoma et Radix against post-traumatic stress disorder based on molecular docking and network pharmacology / 中国中药杂志

This paper aims to investigate the active components and mechanism of Valerianae Jatamansi Rhizoma et Radix against post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD) based on network pharmacology and molecular docking. The main components and targets of Valerianae Jatamansi Rhizoma et Radix were obtained by literature mining methods, SwissTargetPrediction, BATMAN and ETCM database. PTSD-related genes were collected from DrugBank, TTD and CTD databases. The protein-protein interaction(PPI) network was constructed based on STRING, and the core targets of Valerianae Jatamansi Rhizoma et Radix in the treatment of PTSD were selected according to the topological parameters. Cytoscape 3.7.2 was used to construct the compound-target network. DAVID database was used for GO enrichment analysis and KEGG enrichment analysis. The relationship network of "compound-target-pathway" was constructed through Cytoscape 3.7.2 to analyze and obtain the key targets and their corresponding components in the network, and their results were verified by molecular docking. The results showed that a total of 47 components(such as valeraldehyde, dihydrovalerin, valerate, chlorovaltrate K, 8-hydroxypinoresinol, 6-hydroxyluteolin, apigenin, farnesin, vanillin, luteolin, kaempferol, glycosmisic acid and pogostemon) of Valerianae Jatamansi Rhizoma et Radix may act on 94 key targets such as CNR1, MAOA, NR3 C1, MAPK14, MAPK8, HTR2 C and DRD2. Totally 29 GO terms were obtained by GO functional enrichment analysis(P<0.05), and 20 signaling pathways were obtained from KEGG pathway enrichment, mainly involving neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, serotonergic synapse, calcium signaling pathway, cAMP signaling pathway, dopaminergic synapse, retrograde endocannabinoid signaling, neurotrophin signaling pathway, gap junction, cholinergic synapse, estrogen signaling pathway, glutamatergic synapse and long-term potentiation. Molecular docking analysis showed that hydrogen bonding, π-π interaction and hydrophobic effecting may be the main forms of interaction. This study used the network of compound-target-pathway and molecular docking technology to screen the effective components of Valerianae Jatamansi Rhizoma et Radix against PTSD, and explore its anti-PTSD mechanism, so as to provide scientific basis for exploring the anti-PTSD drugs from traditional Chinese medicine and clarifying its mechanism of action.

Effect of Traditional Chinese Medicines in Treatment of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a mental disorder characterized by restitution of trauma and emotional irritability and avoidance caused by sudden, threatening or catastrophic life events. PTSD occurs not only abnormal behavioral indicators but also abnormal neurobiological indicators. Studies on the pathogenesis of PTSD have focused on neuroendocrine system, central nervous system and immune system, mainly finding abnormal levels of stress hormones, pro-inflammatory cytokines, neurotransmitters and neuroprotective factors. Traditional Chinese medicines(TCM) have many advantages in the treatment of PTSD due to their multi-target, multi-component and multi-pathway characteristics. Current studies have showed that a variety of TCM can improve the abnormal behaviors of animals in the models of post-traumatic stress disorder and reverse the neurobiological indicators. As many of these TCM compounds have been used in clinic and have good efficacy, TCM treatment of PTSD has a broad application prospect. However, there is no specific medicine for PTSD, and its mechanisms have not been fully understood. Therefore, this paper reviews the current studies on the treatment of PTSD with TCM, and focuses on the occurrence and treatment progress of PTSD in terms of TCM, mechanisms of action and animal models, so as to provide references for the treatment of PTSD.

Preparation of compound liquorice microemulsion gel and its pharmacodynamics evaluation / 中国中药杂志

Based on the previous study of compound liquorice microemulsion, this paper aims to prepare the compound liquorice microemulsion gel and investigate its pharmacodynamics of chronic eczema. The type, dosage and adding method of gel matrix, and formula dosage of humectant were optimized by single factor method to obtain the formula and preparation technique of the gel. With glycyrrhizic acid, glycyrrhetin and oxymatrine used as evaluation indexes, the Franz diffusion cell method was adopted to monitor the in vitro release profile of the gel. Eczema model of delayed-type hypersensitivity in mice was chosen to detect the ear swelling rate, degree of inflammatory cell infiltration of ear pieces, and pathological changes of ear pieces, so as to investigate the therapeutic effect of the microemulsion gel. The preparation process of the compound liquorice microemulsion gel was stable. The release of glycyrrhizin and oxymatrine was most consistent with the Hixcon-Crowell kinetic model, while the release of glycyrrhizic acid was most consistent with the Ritger-Peppas kinetic model. The pharmacodynamics studies proved that compound liquorice microemulsion gel could significantly reduce the ear swelling rate in mice, with good anti-inflammatory effect as well as the ability to resist the pathological changes of chronic eczema and inhibit the infiltration of dermal inflammatory cells. Therefore, the preparation process of compound liquorice microemulsion gel is feasible, with stable drug release and a significant therapeutic effect on chronic eczema.

Clinical study of radical laparoscopic myomectomy in 31 cases / 中国实用妇科与产科杂志

OBJECTIVE: To study the characteristics and clinical application of radical laparoscopic myomectomy.METHODS: Retrospectively analyze the clinical data of 31 patients with uterine leiomyomas undergoing laparoscopic radical myomectomy at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology,the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University,from January 2016 to December 2018.The surgical indications,operation time,intraoperative blood loss,postoperative menstrual recovery,postoperative uterine fibroid recurrence rate and postoperative sexual and life quality change indicators were analyzed.RESULTS: All patients were with multiple uterine fibroids(averaged 42.6±3.5 years),and all of them received successful operation.There were no patients who underwent laparotomy or hysterectomy.The postoperative fibroids residual rate among the 31 patients was 3.23%(1 case).The recurrence rate of postoperative uterine fibroids half a year later was 9.68%(3 cases).Five patients has no significant change in postoperative menstruation volume while the other 25 patients had volume reduction(t=8.614,P0.05).Only one patient suffered from hot flashes,night sweating and other menopausal symptoms.WHOQOL-BREF scale was used for patients to assess preoperative and postoperative quality of life,and there were obviously improved psychological and physiological score in patients after operation(P<0.05).CONCLUSION: For women with multiple uterine fibroids who have surgical indications and a strong desire to retain the uterine but have no fertility requirements,radical laparoscopic myomectomy may be the most effective surgical therapy,which can achieve the purpose of surgical treatment,improving the resection rate,and maintaining low postoperative recurrence rate,preserving menstruation and the function of uterus and ovary,and increasing the sexual life quality.

A modified closed-loop double-endobutton technique for the treatment of Rockwood type Ⅲ acromioclavic-ular joint dislocation / 医学研究生学报

Objective Double-endobutton technique , as a widely accepted strategy for the treatment of acromioclavicular joint dislocation ( ACD ) , is undergoing constant improvement .This study was to assess the clinical effect of a modified closed-loop double-endobutton technique ( CDT) in the fixation of Rockwood type Ⅲ ACD . Methods This retrospective study included 60 cases of Rockwood type Ⅲ ACD treated between January 2010 and December 2015, 30 by modified CDT (MCDT) and the other 30 by conventional CDT (CCDT).We recorded and compared the operation time, incision length , intraoperative blood loss , pre-and post-opera-tive scores in the Constant-Murley Scale ( CMS ) , UCLA Shoulder Rating Scale ( SRS) , American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons Rating Scale ( ARS) and Oxford Shoulder Score ( OSS), and the vertical distance from the supraclavian to subcoracoid plane ( CC-Dist ) be-tween the two groups of patients . Results Compared with the CCDT group, the MCDT group showed a significantly shorter operation time ([78.33±11.47] vs [52.33±8.48] min, P<0.05) and less intraoperative blood loss ([103.00±7.38] vs [79.17±9.75] mL, P<0.05).In comparison with the baseline, the patients of MCDT group achieved markedly improved scores at 12 months after surgery in CMS (46.60±2.09 vs 97.67±0.88, P<0.05), SRS (14.70±1.24 vs 32.17±1.21, P<0.05), ARS (44.23±2.40 vs 91.83±1.62, P<0.05), OSS (45.07±3.10 vs 15.80±1.81, P<0.05), and CC-Dist ([16.76±0.88] vs [7.57±0.73] mm, P<0.05). Conclusion MCDT, with the advantages of easier , tighter, and fas-ter reduction and fixation , is obviously superior to CCDT in the treatment of Rockwood type Ⅲ ACD .

Diagnostic value of dual-tracer PET imaging in Alzheimer's disease / 西安交通大学学报(医学版)

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of dual-tracer PET imaging in Alzheimer's disease (AD).Methods For this study,we enrolled 11 patients who were diagnosed clinically with AD and 7 age-matched healthy controls who underwent 11 C-PIB and 18 F-FDG PET brain imaging in the same period.Visual evaluation was used to observe the distribution of tracers.ROI technology and brain metabolism analysis software were used to quantify the uptake levels of PIB and FDG.Results Compared with that in HC group,FDG imaging pattern in AD group was presented as focal hypometabolism in posterior cingutate,superior frontal lobe,inferior frontal lobe, superior parietal lobe and lateral temporal lobe.PIB retention was mainly in bilateral superior frontal lobe,inferior frontal lobe,superior parietal lobe,lateral temporal lobe and posterior cingulate gyrus in images of equilibrium phase.The two FDG imaging results were basically in agreement with each other.Conclusion PIB with combined FDG PET imaging can provide more accurate information in diagnosis of AD.Further study is needed to confirm the effectiveness and practicability of this technology.

Cancer incidence in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Minhang District of Shanghai / 复旦学报（医学版）

Objective To investigate the risk of overall and site-specific cancers in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Minhang District of Shanghai.Methods A population-based retrospective cohort study including 51 372 T2DM patients was conducted in Minhang District,Shanghai from 2004 to 2014.All T2DM patients were enrolled from the standardized management system based on local electronic information system of Shanghai.Newly-diagnosed cancer cases were identified by record-linkage with the Shanghai Cancer Registry.Standardized incidence ratios (SIR) and 95％CI were used to estimate the risk of cancers among T2DM patients.Results Overall crude incidence rate (CIR) of cancers was 969.69 per 105 person-years in men and 834.17 per 105 person-years in women.The age-standardized rate (ASR [W]) was 206.72 per 105 person-years in men and 285.80 per 105 person-years in women.Increased risk of cancer was found in both sex,with an SIR of 0.93 (95％CI:0.88-0.98) in men and 1.07 (95％ CI:1.01-1.12) in women.Conclusions Our results indicate that patients with T2DM may have an increased risk of some cancers,and the increase may vary by sub-sites of cancers.

A modified closed-loop double-endobutton technique for the treatment of Rockwood type Ⅲ acromioclavic-ular joint dislocation / 医学研究生学报

Objective Double-endobutton technique , as a widely accepted strategy for the treatment of acromioclavicular joint dislocation ( ACD ) , is undergoing constant improvement .This study was to assess the clinical effect of a modified closed-loop double-endobutton technique ( CDT) in the fixation of Rockwood type Ⅲ ACD . Methods This retrospective study included 60 cases of Rockwood type Ⅲ ACD treated between January 2010 and December 2015, 30 by modified CDT (MCDT) and the other 30 by conventional CDT (CCDT).We recorded and compared the operation time, incision length , intraoperative blood loss , pre-and post-opera-tive scores in the Constant-Murley Scale ( CMS ) , UCLA Shoulder Rating Scale ( SRS) , American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons Rating Scale ( ARS) and Oxford Shoulder Score ( OSS), and the vertical distance from the supraclavian to subcoracoid plane ( CC-Dist ) be-tween the two groups of patients . Results Compared with the CCDT group, the MCDT group showed a significantly shorter operation time ([78.33±11.47] vs [52.33±8.48] min, P<0.05) and less intraoperative blood loss ([103.00±7.38] vs [79.17±9.75] mL, P<0.05).In comparison with the baseline, the patients of MCDT group achieved markedly improved scores at 12 months after surgery in CMS (46.60±2.09 vs 97.67±0.88, P<0.05), SRS (14.70±1.24 vs 32.17±1.21, P<0.05), ARS (44.23±2.40 vs 91.83±1.62, P<0.05), OSS (45.07±3.10 vs 15.80±1.81, P<0.05), and CC-Dist ([16.76±0.88] vs [7.57±0.73] mm, P<0.05). Conclusion MCDT, with the advantages of easier , tighter, and fas-ter reduction and fixation , is obviously superior to CCDT in the treatment of Rockwood type Ⅲ ACD .

Diagnostic value of dual-tracer PET imaging in Alzheimer's disease / 西安交通大学学报(医学版)

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of dual-tracer PET imaging in Alzheimer's disease (AD).Methods For this study,we enrolled 11 patients who were diagnosed clinically with AD and 7 age-matched healthy controls who underwent 11 C-PIB and 18 F-FDG PET brain imaging in the same period.Visual evaluation was used to observe the distribution of tracers.ROI technology and brain metabolism analysis software were used to quantify the uptake levels of PIB and FDG.Results Compared with that in HC group,FDG imaging pattern in AD group was presented as focal hypometabolism in posterior cingutate,superior frontal lobe,inferior frontal lobe, superior parietal lobe and lateral temporal lobe.PIB retention was mainly in bilateral superior frontal lobe,inferior frontal lobe,superior parietal lobe,lateral temporal lobe and posterior cingulate gyrus in images of equilibrium phase.The two FDG imaging results were basically in agreement with each other.Conclusion PIB with combined FDG PET imaging can provide more accurate information in diagnosis of AD.Further study is needed to confirm the effectiveness and practicability of this technology.

Cancer incidence in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Minhang District of Shanghai / 复旦学报（医学版）

Objective To investigate the risk of overall and site-specific cancers in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Minhang District of Shanghai.Methods A population-based retrospective cohort study including 51 372 T2DM patients was conducted in Minhang District,Shanghai from 2004 to 2014.All T2DM patients were enrolled from the standardized management system based on local electronic information system of Shanghai.Newly-diagnosed cancer cases were identified by record-linkage with the Shanghai Cancer Registry.Standardized incidence ratios (SIR) and 95％CI were used to estimate the risk of cancers among T2DM patients.Results Overall crude incidence rate (CIR) of cancers was 969.69 per 105 person-years in men and 834.17 per 105 person-years in women.The age-standardized rate (ASR [W]) was 206.72 per 105 person-years in men and 285.80 per 105 person-years in women.Increased risk of cancer was found in both sex,with an SIR of 0.93 (95％CI:0.88-0.98) in men and 1.07 (95％ CI:1.01-1.12) in women.Conclusions Our results indicate that patients with T2DM may have an increased risk of some cancers,and the increase may vary by sub-sites of cancers.

Analysis of application effect of cardiac remote real -time monitoring system / 心血管康复医学杂志

Objective:To explore clinical application effect of cardiac remote real -time monitoring system.Methods:Cardiac remote real -time monitoring warning instrument(iHolter)was applied in 210 patients.The iHolter gave a-lerts automatically in case of ECG abnormalities for corresponding treatment in time,and it offered corresponding reports on monitoring results.According to age,patients were divided into youth group(<45 years,n=59),mid-dle-aged group(45160 years,n=56)and aged group(≥60 years,n=95).Characteristics of arrhythmias among different age and sex were analyzed.Results:ECG abnormalities were found in 191 cases(90.95%)out of 210 pa-tients,including eight cases with malignant arrhythmias,in which five cases were treated and survived after timely intervention via alerts.Compared with youth group and middle -aged group,there were significant rise in percenta-ges of paroxysmal atrial tachycardia(16.9%,26.8% vs.54.7%)and atrial fibrillation(0%,0% vs.8.4%)in aged group,P< 0.05 or <0.01;abnormal percentages of heart rate variability of middle -aged group and aged group were significantly higher than that of youth group(25.0%,36.8% vs.5.1%,P<0.01 both).Male percent-age of paroxysmal ventricular tachycardia was significantly higher than that of female(81.3% vs.18.8%,P=0.013).Conclusion:Cardiac remote real-time monitoring system can offer timely alerts for cardiovascular events such as arrhythmia and myocardial ischemia etc.,fight for more time for rescuing patients,maximally protect cardi-ac function and improve accuracy of clinical diagnosis.

Clinical study on compound prescription with Valerianae Jatamansi Rhizoma et Radix in treatment of generalized anxiety disorder / 中国中药杂志

This study was aimed to observe the clinical efficacy of anxiolytic compound prescription with Valerianae Jatamansi Rhizoma et Radix (ACPV) in treating liver Qi stagnation and feel ill at ease type generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). Sixty-seven patients diagnosed as GAD with stagnation of liver Qi and feel ill at ease were randomly divided into treatment group and control group. Patients in treatment group (n=34) was treated with ACPV decoction, and patients in control group (n=33) were treated with deanxit. Both groups were treated with respective drugs for 4 weeks. HAMA scale, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) symptom scale (liver Qi stagnation and feel ill at ease type) and salivary cortisol levels were measured before and 2 weeks and 4 weeks after drug treatment. The life events scale (LES) and drug safety evaluation were performed before and after 4 weeks treatment. Two patients were excluded according to LES, and 5 patients were discontinued. Sixty patients were enrolled in the study finally (30 cases in each group). As compared with baseline, HAMA scores in both groups were significantly decreased at 2 weeks and 4 weeks (P<0.05, P<0.01). After 2 weeks and 4 weeks treatment, the TCM syndrome score in both group was also significantly improved (P<0.01). Moreover, the salivary cortisol levels in both groups were also decreased at 2 weeks and 4 weeks (P<0.05, P<0.01). The total efficiency between two groups had no statistically significant difference after 2 weeks treatment and 4 weeks treatment; moreover, no statistically significant differences were observed between two groups in HAMA scores, TCM syndrome scale scores and salivary cortisol levels between two groups. The incidence of adverse reactions in the treatment group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.01), and there were no obvious side effects in general physical examination during the period of treatment. Thus, anxiolytic compound prescription with Valerianae Jatamansi Rhizoma et Radix is effective for GAD (stagnation of liver Qi and feel ill at ease type).

Effects of Scalp Acupuncture on Serum NSE and S-100β Concentrations and Postoperative Cogni- tive Function of Elderly Patients Undergoing Hip Replacement / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the effect of Scalp acupuncture on serum neuron specific enolase (NSE) and S-100β concentrations, and incidence rates of postoperative delirium (POD) and postoperative cognitive function (POCD) of elderly patients undergoing hip replacement.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Eighty-four patients undergoing scheduled hip replacement under combined spinal-epidural anesthesia (CSEA) were assigned to the control group (group C) and the scalp acupuncture group (group S) according to random digit table, 42 cases in each group. In group S, scalp acupuncture was additionally performed according to International Standardized Scheme for Scalp Acupuncture. Scalp acupuncture was performed during the operation from the MS1 middle line of forehead [1 cun before Shenting (GV24), including Shenting (GV24)] and MS5 middle line of vertex [from Baihui (DU20) to Qianding (DU21), including Baihui (DU20) and Qianding (DU21)]. The operation time and post-operative length of stay were observed. The midazolam dosage, hemorrhage amount, fluid transfusion amount, urine amount, use rates of ephedrine and atropine during the operation were also observed and compared between the two groups. The occurrence rate of POD and POCD at post-operative day 3 (T₁), week 1 (T₂), month 3 (T₃), and month 6 (T₄) were measured. Eighteen patients were randomly selected to collect blood from internal jugular vein before anesthesia t₀), immediately after ending the surgery (t₁), 6 h after operation (t₂), 24 h after operation (t₃), and 48 h after operation (t₄), respectively. Serum levels of NSE and S-100β were correspondingly measured.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There was no statistical difference in the operation time, midazolam dosage used during the operation, hemorrhage amount, fluid transfusion amount, urine amount, use rates of ephedrine and atropine (P > 0.05). Compared with group C, the post-operative length of stay was shortened in group S (P < 0.05). The incidence rate of POD and that of POCD at each time point were lower in group S (P < 0.05). The expression level of NSE decreased at t₂, t3, and t₄, and the expression level of S100β also decreased at t₁, t₂, t₃, and t₄(P < 0.05). There was no statistical difference in expression levels of NSE or S100β between the two groups at other time points (P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Scalp acupuncture could attenuate central nervous system lesion and improve POCD of elderly patients undergoing hip replacement.</p>

Effects of environmental stress on the depression-like behaviors and the diurnal rhythm of corticosterone and melatonin in male rats / 生理学报

Environmental stress (ES) is commonly used in producing chronic unpredictable mild stress to study pathogenesis of depression, including the regulatory role of circadian system on depression. However, the direct effect of ES on the circadian system has been rarely explored. The present study was aimed to investigate the effect of ES on depression-like behaviors and diurnal rhythm of plasma hormone/peptide levels in male rats. Rats were allocated into control group (CON group), low frequency ES group (LF group) and high frequency ES group (HF group). Sucrose preference test (SPT), open field test (OFT), weight gain, food and water intake were conducted to assess depression- and anxiety-like behaviors. A total of 7 times of the tail venous blood was collected with an interval of 4 h during 24 h from other rats who subjected to the same procedures of ES but not the behavioral tests. The alterations of diurnal rhythm of peripheral plasma corticosterone (CORT) and melatonin, and changes of the cholecystokinin (CCK), neuropeptide Y and leptin levels at zeitgeber time (ZT) 0 were detected by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). We found that ES led to a disturbance of diurnal rhythm of CORT and melatonin in the plasma. Besides, it also increased plasma leptin level and decreased body weight gain, but it did not produce depression- and anxiety-like behaviors compared with those rats in the control group. In short, our findings indicated that the ES could induce a disturbance of diurnal rhythm of plasma CORT and melatonin in male rats.

Advanced in studies on anxiolytic effects of natural flavonoids / 中国中药杂志

Anxiety is one of the most common diseases endangering human health. Its pathogenesis is complex, the studies on the mechanisms of anxiety disorder are concentrated on neurotransmitter, neuroendocrine, immunologic system. Flavonoids are a kind of compounds which possess a variety of physiological activity, used in plenty of diseases. In recent years, researches of natural flavonoids on anti-anxiety were increasing, but contents were incomplete. It was just involved several neurotransmitters in research area. This paper is based on different anxiolytic effect mechanisms and structure-activity relationships of natural flavonoids, summarizing the researches of domestic and foreign, which can serve as a reference for further studies on anxiolytic effects of natural flavonoids.

Effects of Lycii Cortex on express of PI3K/PKB in PCOS rats / 中国中药杂志

The effect of Lycii Cortex on the PCOS rat model and the mechanism of action were investigated in the present study. The PCOS rat model was induced with Poretsky methods. Then the rats were randomly divided into four groups: the model group, melbine group (0.45 g x kg(-1)), low (2.5 g x kg(-1) and high (10 g x kg(-1)) dosage group of Lycii Cortex. The animals were orally administrated with the drugs for 14 days. In addition, another control group was added in this study. The rats were weighted before and after drug treatment. After 14 days treatment, oestrous cycle of rats were detected; blood serum was separated to determine T and FINS and rat's uteri were isolated. The mRNA and protein (total and phosphorylated) expressions of PI3K and PKB in uteri were measured with Real-time RT-PCR and Western blot, respectively. Compared with the control rats, the body weight gain and serum level of T and FINS were significantly increased. While, the mRNA and protein (phosphorylated) levels of PI3K and PKB were markedly decreased in PCOS group. Lycii Cortex treatment significantly decreased the body weight gain and serum level of T and FINS in a dose-dependant manner. It also markedly increased the mRNA and protein (phosphorylated) expressions of PI3K and PKB. Meanwhile, the melbine treatment also showed the curative effect. Lycii Cortex can relieve the symptoms of PCOS and the mechanism might be related to PI3K/PKB pathway.

Quality of life in adults with strabismus / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To investigate the quality of life in adults with strabismus and evaluate the improvement in quality of life after treatment. METHODS: In this prospective study, forty-five adults with a diagnosis of strabismus conform to the inclusion and exclusion standard were selected in our hospital from October 2013 to May 2014, as experimental group and 45 normal adults were enrolled as control group. A Chinese Adult Strabismus-20 questionnaire was used to evaluate the differences of quality of life between patients with strabismus and normal adults, and to evaluate the differences of quality of life in patients with strabismus preoperative and 6mo postoperative. RESULTS:The scores of quality of life in adult patients with strabismus preoperative and 6mo postoperative were statistically significant lower than those of normal adults (P CONCLUSION: Strabismus can decrease the quality of life in psychosocial and visual functional for adults and the surgical treatment can improve quality of life in patients with strabismus.