Effects of Adjuvant Chinese Patent Medicine Therapy on Prevention of Variceal Rebleeding: A Retrospective Cohort Study / 中国结合医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To assess whether adjuvant Chinese patent medicines (CPMs) to standard treatment could reduce recurrent bleeding after variceal bleeding in cirrhotic patients.@*METHODS@#This study retrospectively collected 555 consecutive patients who recovered from variceal bleeding. A population-based cohort study was established depending on if adjuvant CPMs were administered to prevent rebleeding. A total of 139 patients who had taken ⩾28 cumulative defined daily doses (cDDDs) of CPMs were included in the CPMs cohort, and 416 patients who used 180 cDDDs of CPMs, respectively. The median rebleeding interval in the CPMs cohort was significantly larger compared with the non-CPMs cohort (113.5 vs. 93.0 days; P=0.008).@*CONCLUSION@#Adjuvant CPMs to standard therapy can significantly reduce the incidence of variceal rebleeding and delay the time to rebleeding.

Application of perineural space expansion by normal saline in axillary brachial plexus block / 上海交通大学学报（医学版）

Objective: To compare the clinical effect of ultrasound-guided perineural space expansion by normal saline combined with perivascular technique (PSE-PV) with traditional perivascular technique in axillary brachial plexus block (PV). Methods: A randomized, controlled, and double blind study was performed. Sixty patients arranged for emergency hand surgery were allocated to 2 groups, i.e. PSE-PV group and PV group, with 30 cases in each group receiving ultrasound-guided axillary brachial plexus block. For PSE-PV group, injection was carried out at the 12 o'clock position using 5 mL of normal saline firstly to expand the perineural space followed by 15 mL of 0.5% ropivacaine at the same position. The patients of PV group got their injections of 20 mL of 0.5% ropivacaine at the direction of 12 o'clock of axillary artery. The sensory and motor blockade assessment 30 min after drug injection, performance time, success rate, and adverse events were recorded. Results: The sensory and motor blockade scores were 1.7±0.3 and 1.6±0.3 in PSE-PV group, and 1.8±0.4 and 1.6±0.3, respectively in PV group without significant differences (P>0.05). The performance time of PSE-PV group was (4.0±1.3) min, a little longer than that of PV group, but the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). The success rates of nerve block reached 100% in both groups. Only 1 case in PV group reacted to the local anesthetics. Conclusion: Ultrasound-guided perineural space expansion by normal saline reduces dosage of local anesthetics in axillary brachial plexus block, which has similar anesthetic effect, performance time and adverse effect with traditional perivascular method.

Application of perineural space expansion by normal saline in axillary brachial plexus block / 上海交通大学学报（医学版）

Objective· To compare the clinical effect of ultrasound-guided perineural space expansion by normal saline combined with perivascular technique (PSE-PV) with traditional perivascular technique in axillary brachial plexus block (PV).Methods· A randomized,controlled,and double blind study was performed.Sixty patients arranged for emergency hand surgery were allocated to 2 groups,i.e.PSE-PV group and PV group,with 30 cases in each group receiving ultrasound-guided axillary brachial plexus block.For PSE-PV group,injection was carried out at the 12 o'clock position using 5 mL of normal saline firstly to expand the perineural space followed by 15 mL of 0.5％ ropivacaine at the same position.The patients of PV group got their injections of 20 mL of 0.5％ ropivacaine at the direction of 12 o'clock of axillary artery.The sensory and motor blockade assessment 30 min after drug injection,performance time,success rate,and adverse events were recorded.Results· The sensory and motor blockade scores were 1.7±0.3 and 1.6±0.3 in PSE-PV group,and 1.8±0.4 and 1.6±0.3,respectively in PV group without significant differences (P＞0.05).The performance time of PSE-PV group was (4.0± 1.3) min,a little longer than that of PV group,but the difference was not statistically significant (P＞0.05).The success rates of nerve block reached 100％ in both groups.Only l case in PV group reacted to the local anesthetics.Conclusion · Ultrasound-guided perineural space expansion by normal saline reduces dosage of local anesthetics in axillary brachial plexus block,which has similar anesthetic effect,performance time and adverse effect with traditional perivascular method.

Correlation analysis of fundus examinations with Angio-OCT and FD-OCT / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

?AIM:To compare the coherence and difference on the fundus examination made with two kinds of optical coherence tomography ( OCT): Angio-OCT and fourier domain-optical coherence tomography ( FD-OCT) .?METHODS:Using Angio-OCT and FD-OCT to measure the retinal nerve fiber layer ( RNFL ) thickness, optic parameters, and ganglion cell complexes ( GCC ) thickness from 20 subjects respectively.The coherence was tested with Pearson's correlation coefficient, the difference was tested with paired Student t testing.?RESULTS:The total correlation of the RNFL thickness, optic parameters, GCC thickness made with two kinds of OCT was between 0.7-0.8;the RNFL thickness, optic disk area etc.made with the Angio-OCT were lower than those made with FD-OCT except for the GCC thickness.?CONCLUSION: The results made with two kinds of OCT from the same subject has certain coherence, but cannot be compared directly.

Regulating effect of activated NF-κB on edema induced by traumatic brain injury of rats

OBJECTIVE@#To observe the effect of nuclear transcription factor-κB (NF-κB) on cerebral edema in rats with traumatic brain injury (TBI).@*METHODS@#Male SD rats with fluid percussion injury (FPI) were selected. After separation and culture, rats' astrocytes all suffered FPI. The expression of NF-κB and the water content were detected at the animal and cellular levels, while the activity of NOX was evaluated at the cellular level.@*RESULTS@#According to the results, the positive expression of NF-κB and expression of mRNA were significantly increased and the water content was increased for rats after TBI, while NF-κB inhibitor BAY11-7082 could significantly reduce the effect of TBI. 1 and 3 h after FPI of astrocytes, the activation of NF-κB was increased and BAY 11-7082 could significantly improve the injury-induced swelling of astrocytes. After the injury of astrocytes, the activity of NOX was also increased, while BAY 11-7082 could reduce the activity of NOX.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The results show that the activation of NF-κB in astrocytes is a key factor in the process of cerebral edema after TBI of rats.

Regulating effect of activated NF-κB on edema induced by traumatic brain injury of rats

Objective: To observe the effect of nuclear transcription factor-κB (NF-κB) on cerebral edema in rats with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Methods: Male SD rats with fluid percussion injury (FPI) were selected. After separation and culture, rats' astrocytes all suffered FPI. The expression of NF-κB and the water content were detected at the animal and cellular levels, while the activity of NOX was evaluated at the cellular level. Results: According to the results, the positive expression of NF-κB and expression of mRNA were significantly increased and the water content was increased for rats after TBI, while NF-κB inhibitor BAY11-7082 could significantly reduce the effect of TBI. 1 and 3 h after FPI of astrocytes, the activation of NF-κB was increased and BAY 11-7082 could significantly improve the injury-induced swelling of astrocytes. After the injury of astrocytes, the activity of NOX was also increased, while BAY 11-7082 could reduce the activity of NOX. Conclusions: The results show that the activation of NF-κB in astrocytes is a key factor in the process of cerebral edema after TBI of rats.

Effect of total saponins of Clematidis Radix et Rhizoma on serum metabolic profile in adjuvant arthritis rats based on GC-TOF-MS / 中国中药杂志

To observe the effect of total saponins of Clematidis Radix et Rhizoma (TSCR) on serum metabolic profile changes in adjuvant arthritis(AA) rats, and explore its possible action mechanism for AA rats. The AA rat models were induced by Freund's complete adjuvant(FCA), and their histopathological changes were observed. Gas chromatography-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC-TOF-MS), principal component analysis(PCA) and partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) were employed to analyze the metabolic profile among normal group, AA model group and TSCR group. Potential biomarkers in the serum were screened based on the variable importance projection(VIP) value>1, P<0.05. As compared with the normal group, 17 potential biomarkers such as aspartic acid, inositol and phenylacetaldehyde were found and identified in the serum of model group rats. As compared with the model group, the above biomarkers were regulated nearly to a normal state after TSCR administration for 16 days. Metabolomic analysis revealed that the total saponins of Clematidis Radix et Rhizoma has a certain therapeutic effect for AA rats, and the mechanism may be related to regulation of lipid metabolism, amino acid metabolism and energy metabolism.

Simultaneous determination of five effective components in Huangdianxiao capsules by UPLC / 中国药学杂志

OBJECTIVE: To establish a UPLC method for simultaneous determination of puerarin, daidzin, daidzine, palmatine, and berberine in HuangdiAnxiao capsules (HDAXC). METHODS: The chromatographic analyses were carried out on an ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 column (2.1 mm×100 mm, 1.7 μm; Waters Corp., USA) maintained at 30℃. The mobile phase component A was acetonitrile and B was phosphoric acid with gradient elution at 0.2 mL·min-1. The five components were detected by dual wavelength, ie λ1=250 nm, λ2=354 nm. RESULTS: The standard curves of puerarin, daidzin, daidzine, palmatine, and berberine showed good linear relationship in the ranges of 0.022-0.176 μg (r=0.9999), 0.0043-0.0344 μg (r=0.9999), 0.00061-0.0049 μg (r=0.9997), 0.0023-0.0184 μg (r=0.9997), and 0.0086-0.0668 μg (r=0.9996). respectively. The average recoveries were 97.70%, 96.81%, 99.36%, 99.60% and 98.67% with RSDs of less than 2.7% (n=6). CONCLUSION: This method is simple, rapid, accurate, and reproducible, and it can lay basis for the quality evaluation of HDAXC.

Association between clinical ischemic events and carotid calcification evaluated by 64 slices CT angiography / 中华心血管病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the relationship between clinical ischemic events and carotid calcification detected by 64 slices CT angiography.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We retrospectively analyzed the carotid calcified plaques in 116 patients underwent the 64 slices CT angiography. The relationship between the carotid calcification and the clinical ischemic events was analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 377 plaques were detected and the incidence of carotid plaque calcification was 63.40%. Incidence of plaque calcification was significantly lower in patients with ages < 50 years than that in patients with ages 51 - 59 years, 60 - 69 years and higher than 70 years (P = 0.003, P = 0.002, P = 0.000, respectively). The incidence of plaque calcification in the common carotid artery was significantly lower than the carotid bifurcation (P = 0.000) and the internal carotid artery (P = 0.000). The incidences of calcification in the mild, moderate and severe degree of stenosis and occlusion were 46.54%, 33.33%, 26.67% and 0% respectively. The distribution of intraplaque calcium was similar between patients with ischemic event and non-ischemic event group. However, the incidence of calcification was significantly lower patients with ischemic event than that in patients without ischemic event (30.34% vs. 43.10%, P = 0.013). Calcified plaque was negatively associated with ischemic event (beta = -0.688, P = 0.006).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>64 slices CT angiography can analyze the characterization of carotid plaque calcium.</p>

Lipid signal in evaluation of intracranial meningiomas / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Using magnetic resonance imaging, diagnosis of malignant meningioma from benign meningioma with atypical features is uncertain. We evaluated the value of lipid signal in differentiating intracranial meningiomas.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>1H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) using a point resolved spectroscopy (TR/TE 1000/144 ms) sequences were performed on 34 patients on a 3.0 T scanner. Lipid peak located at 1.3 ppm was evaluated. MRS data from these tumours were compared with histopathological findings (including hematoxylin and eosin staining and KP-1 staining).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Twenty-nine meningiomas were histologically benign (eleven meningothelial, thirteen fibrous, four transitional and one microcystic), three were atypical, and two were anaplastic. Lipid signal was detected in ten cases: two anaplastic, three atypical, two fibrous and three meningothelial meningiomas. All voxels with lipid peak in the spectrum from the tumour were evaluated. With creatinine peak in the normal white matter chosen as internal standard, lipid/creatinine ratios of anaplastic, atypical and benign meningiomas were 0.844 +/- 0.027 (range from 0.725 to 0.994), 0.465 +/- 0.023 (range from 0.239 to 0.724), and 0.373 +/- 0.016 (range from 0.172 to 0.571) respectively. Highly significant differences were noted between anaplastic and the other two subtypes. Patchy necrosis was observed in anaplastic meningioma, while focal necrosis was noted in atypical meningioma with HE stain. However, no necrosis was found in benign group. KP-1 stain demonstrated histocytes containing lipids in the necrotic region of anaplastic and atypical meningioma.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The lipid signal at 1.3 ppm is a useful marker in evaluating the malignancy of intracranial meningiomas, especially in the differential diagnosis of anaplastic meningioma.</p>

Effect of beta radiation on TGF-beta1 and bFGF expression in hyperplastic prostatic tissues / 亚洲男科学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>AIM</b>To investigate the transforming growth factor beta1 (TGF-beta1) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) expressions in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and the effect of beta-radiation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>TGF-beta1 and bFGF expression was studied by means of an immunohistochemical method in nine normal prostatic (NP) tissues, 15 hyperplastic prostatic tissues and 35 hyperplastic prostatic tissues treated with 90Sr/90Y.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The TGF-beta1 expression in the epithelium and stroma of normal prostatic tissues was 68.2 % +/- 10.5 % and 29.7 % +/- 4.6 %, respectively, while it was 64.8 % +/- 9.3 % and 28.6 % +/- 4.1 %, respectively, in hyperplastic prostatic tissues. Compared with the controls, TGF-beta1 expression in the epithelia and stroma of BPH treated with 90Sr/90Y increased significantly (P <0.01). The bFGF expression in epithelia and stroma of normal prostatic tissues was 17.4 % +/- 3.7 % and 42.5 % +/- 6.8 %, respectively, and was 46.3 % +/- 8.2 % and 73.2 % +/- 12.1 %, respectively, in hyperplastic prostatic tissues. Compared with the controls, expressions of bFGF in the epithelia and stroma of BPH treated with a 90Sr/90Y prostatic hyperplasia applicator decreased significantly (P <0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Exposure of beta-rays had noticeable effects on BPH tissues, enhancing TGF-beta1 expression and inhibiting bFGF expression.</p>

MYO minisatellite DNA probe and sub—cloning of MYO fragment / 中国免疫学杂志

The initial study of the tumour DNA fingerprints using MYO minisatellite DNA probe wascarried out,and then,by means of DNA recombinant techniques,the fragment of MYO min-isatellite DNA probe obtained from plasmid pUC19-MYO was inserted into plasmid pGEM-4Z containing RNA polymerase promotor,thus a sub-clone refferred as pGEM-4Z-MYOwas constucted.That made an offer of the conditions of preparing RNA probe in order to in-cerase the sensitivities of DNA fingerprinting and laid a foundation for raised the efficiency of de-tecting the polymorphism of the minisatellite DNA.