A Case of Nontuberculous Mycobacterium Infection Complicated by an Esophagomediastinal Fistula in a Human Immunodeficiency Virus Patient / 대한내과학회지

An esophagomediastinal fistula is rare complication of nontuberculous mycobacterium infection. Here, we report the case of a patient with advanced acquired immunodeficiency syndrome who presented with a fever, cough, and dyspnea, and was eventually diagnosed with nontuberculous mycobacterium infection. Computed tomography revealed multiple lymphadenopathy with an esophagomediastinal fistula. The patient was treated with anti-mycobacterial medications and endoscopic fistula closure.

A Case of Desquamative Interstitial Pneumonia with an Increased Number of Eosinophils in Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid / 대한내과학회지

Here, we present a case of desquamative interstitial pneumonia (DIP) that was initially misdiagnosed as chronic eosinophilic pneumonia due to an increased number of eosinophils in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). A 56-year-old male smoker presented with a productive cough that had been present for 1 month. High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) revealed multifocal patchy ground-glass and reticular opacities in the subpleural area. BALF analysis revealed an elevated level of eosinophils (37%). Thus, the patient was initially diagnosed with chronic eosinophilic pneumonia and was administered prednisolone (0.5 mg/kg/day). However, his symptoms and the diffuse infiltrative shadows on HRCT did not improve after 2 months of treatment, and a video-assisted thoracoscopic lung biopsy led to the diagnosis of DIP. Prednisolone (1 mg/kg/day) was administered again, and the patient's symptoms improved. At 1 year after the end of treatment, the patient remained symptom-free.