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BACKGROUND:Ischemic stroke is a highly prevalent disease associated with apoptosis.Neuronal death occurs after cerebral ischemia,including necrosis and apoptosis.The ischemic core region is dominated by necrosis,while delayed neuronal death in the penumbra is dominated by apoptosis.The penumbra has become a target for the treatment of ischemic stroke.This bibliometric analysis was used to identify the characteristics,hotspots,and frontiers of global scientific output related to apoptosis in ischemic stroke over the past 5 years. OBJECTIVE:To analyze the role of apoptosis and its mechanisms in the pathological process of ischemic stroke through a bibliometric approach. METHODS:A total of 927 relevant literature records from 2018 to 2022 were retrieved from Science Citation Index Expanded(SCI-Expanded)and Social Science Citation Index Expanded(SSCI-Expanded)of the Web of Science Core Collection.Research trends and hotspots of apoptosis in ischemic stroke were visualized using Citespace,VOSviewer and Bibliometrix. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:From 2018 to 2020,the number of papers on the role of apoptosis in ischemic stroke showed an upward trend,but in 2020,the number of papers began to reduce.China had the largest number of publications,and the United States ranked the second.Capital Medical University and BRAIN RESEARCH BULLETIN were the institutions and journals with the most articles,respectively.In recent years,the two keywords"expression"and"oxidative stress"have appeared more frequently.The bibliometric study showed that in the past 5 years,most of the studies focused on basic research,in which research on the role of apoptosis in ischemic stroke has gradually decreased in the last 3 years,showing a downward trend.On the contrary,nerve regeneration has gradually become a research hotspot,especially the regulation of neurotrophic factors under the influence of different mechanisms,and the research on angiogenesis and glial cell repair is on the rise.At the same time,apoptosis in nerve regeneration is a potential point of discovery.
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In the field of ethics,issues related to brain-computer interface(BCI)technology mainly focus on physical and mental ethics,as well as social ethics,including personal privacy rights,whether a person is a person in the complete sense,the attribution of social responsibility.The population involved includes patients,doctors,and the whole social group in which patients live.In addition to analyzing physical and mental ethical risks,this paper also analyzed the potential ethical issues that may exist in the future large-scale application of BCI based on the current research status,mainly including the right of informed consent,privacy,and decision-making of physical and mental ethical risks,the responsibility attribution and fairness of social ethical risks,the responsibility ascription and equity of social ethical risk,and the question that whether the brain is the carrier of machine or the machine is the continuation of the brain in future ethical risks.Solutions have been proposed in the three levels of individual,system,and institution to provide governance recommendations for the future development of BCI.In addition,local data was obtained by collecting and summarizing relevant opinions through social research.Based on these,the future risks of BCI were introduced for the first time,and from the perspective of ethics,solutions to future problems were explored.
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OBJECTIVE: To explore the correlation between endothelial microparticles(EMPs) and subacute 1,2-dichloroethane(1,2-DCE) toxic encephalopathy. METHODS: A total of 24 patients with subacute 1,2-DCE toxic encephalopathy were selected as the case group, and 24 healthy individuals were selected as the control group using a convenient sampling method. Blood plasma was collected from the fasting venous blood of patients in these two groups, and the level of EMPs in the plasma was detected by flow cytometry. RESULTS: The levels of plasma EMPs of patients in the control group and the case group were(692.0±174.4) ×10~3/L and(839.8±155.8) ×10~3/L respectively. The levels of plasma EMPs in patients with mild, moderate and severe case subgroups were(691.6±101.9) ×10~3/L,(900.6±46.6) ×10~3/L and(1 026.8±69.8)×10~3/L respectively. The EMPs level of patients in the case group was higher than that of the control group(P<0.01). The level of EMPs in the moderate and severe case subgroups was higher than that of the control group and mild case subgroup(P<0.01). CONCLUSION: Endothelial injury was found in patients with subacute 1,2-DCE toxic encephalopathy and endothelial injury is related to the severity of poisoning.
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Background: LncRNAs is closely related to the development and progression of colorectal cancer, and its abnormal expression and regulation in tumor have high specificity. Aims: To screen the differentially expressed lncRNAs in colorectal cancer via The Cancer LncRNome Atlas, and to investigate the expression and clinical significance of LINC02363 in colorectal cancer. Methods: Microarray data of colorectal cancer patients from The Cancer LncRNome Atlas and TCGA database were extracted. The differentially expressed lncRNAs in colorectal cancer were screened. Real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR was used to detect LINC02363 expression in colorectal cancer cell lines and 53 colorectal cancer tissues from Shanghai Renji Hospital. Correlation of LINC02363 expression with survival and clinicopathological characteristics of colorectal cancer patients in TCGA database was analyzed. Results: Two up-regulated lncRNAs and 12 down-regulated lncRNAs related to prognosis of colorectal cancer were screened. Compared with normal intestinal epithelial cells, expression of LINC02363 was down-regulated in colorectal cancer cells. Expression of LINC02363 was significantly decreased in colorectal cancer tissue. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that survival in low expression of LINC02363 group was significantly shorter than that in high expression of LINC02363 group. Low LINC02363 expression was positively correlated with distant metastasis of colorectal cancer. Conclusions: LINC02363 is down-regulated in colorectal cancer tissue, and patients with lower expression of LINC02363 have poorer prognosis and higher possibility of metastasis. It is suggested that LINC02363 can be used as a potential tumor marker to evaluate the development and distant metastasis of colorectal cancer.
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Objective To investigate the safety and efficacy of intravenous thrombolytic therapy with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator(rtPA)in patients with isolated penetrating artery territory infarct (IPAI).Methods Data of retrospectively collected clinical,laboratory,and radiological from 75 consecutive patients with acute ischemic stroke treated with intravenous rtPA therapy from June 2009 to April 2011.Etiological classification was carried out according to the Chinese Ischemic Stroke Classification of Subgroups(CISS).The rates of hemorrhagic transformation(HT)and clinical outcomes of patients were compared between IPAI group and non-IPAI group.Results All 75 patients with mean age of 67.4years and 25(33.3％)fenale,were treated with intravenous rtPA.Before treatment,their average score of the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale(NIHSS)was 12.3 ± 6.4,and mean length of time from onset to treatment was 239.6 ±97.5 minutes.After thrombolytic therapy,the radiological HT was found in 24 patients(32％).Symptomatic intracraneal hemorrhage(ICH)occurred in 4 patients(5.3％).Of 22 (29.3％)patients with IPAI,only one experienced HT.Logistic regression analysis suggested that IPAI wasan individualized predictor used alone for determining the low risk of HT.In the patients with IPAI,82％ of them had an individual clinical outcome(mRS ＜ 2)one month after onset,and the neurological outcomes were better in patients with IPAI than those in patients with non-IPAI(P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions The risk of hemorrhagic complication was low and the clinical outcome was good in patients with isolated penetrating artery territory infarct after intravenous thrombolytic therapy with rtPA.Imaging diagnosis of IPAI might facilitate the treatment with rtPA in this cohort of patients.
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Objective To investigate the impact of the pretreatment perfusion weighted imaging (PWI)-diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) mismatch on reperfusion and early neurological improvement after intravenous thrombolysis in acute ischemic stroke.Methods We retrospectively reviewed our collected clinical,laboratory,and radiologic data in patients receiving intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator therapy,who had performed multimodal MRI in both pretreatment and 24 h post-treatment in our hospital..The target mismatch of PWI-DWI was defined as a PWI lesion that was 10 ml or more and 120％ or more of the DWI lesion,with DWI lesion less than 70 ml and PWI lesion less than 140 ml.The smalllesion was defined as a DWI and PWI volume both less than 10 ml.The others were termed non-target mismatch.Reperfusion required a 30％ or greater reduction in PWI lesion volume on the 24-hour follow-up scar.The early neurological improvement was defined as the patients with an NIHSS score of 0 to 4 or 6-point or greater improvement at 7 days.Results Among 45 patients analyzed,19(41％) patients presented target mismatch,of which 8 patients were treated over 4.5 h.The rate of reperfusion and early neurological improvement after thrombolysis in target mismatch group were both significantly increased comparing with non-target mismatch group( 16/19 vs 5/12,x2 =6.092,P ＜0.05 and 13/19 vs 2/12,x2 =7.888,P ＜ 0.05,respectively ),although the recanalization rate demonstrated no significant difference between two groups.The pooled OR for reperfusion was 6.4(95％ CI 1.156-35.437,P =0.034),and the pooled OR for favorable clinical response was 21.7 ( 95％ CI 2.234-210.110,P =0.008 ) in target mismatch patients.Among the target mismatch group,13/16 of patients with reperfusion had early neurological improvement,while no patients without reperfusion had neurological improvement.The rate of recanalization,reperfusion and neurological improvement after thrombolysis demonstrated no significant difference between target mismatch group treated within 4.5 h and beyond 4.5 h.Conclusion Patients with target mismatch profile before thrombolysis had a high reperfusion rate and were prone to get early neurological improvement,indicating that the evaluation of PWI-DWI mismatch may facilitate the selection of patients who may benefit from thrombolysis beyond the time window.
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BACKGROUND:Thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor is an autoantigen shared by thyroid follicuar cells and ocular orbital tissues,and cytokines plays an important role on the pathogenesis of Graves ophthalmopathy(GO) . It is still a puzzle that the relation of cytokines and thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor in the pathogenesis of GO. OBJECTIVE:To study the influence of various cytokines on the expression of thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor in the process of adipogenesis of in vitro cultured orbital adipose cells in GO patients. DESIGN,TIME AND SETTING:A single sample observation was carried out in the Central Laboratory,Department of Ophthalmology,Sun Yat-sen University(Guangzhou,Guangdong,Province) from September 2003 to March 2004. MATERIALS:Orbital adipose cells were obtained from eight serious GO patients undergoing orbital decompression. Recombinant human interleukin 2(IL-2) ,IL-4,IL-6,IL-10,and interferon ?(IFN-?) were purchased from PEORO TECH EC Company. METHODS:Orbital adipose cells were cultured and treated by groups. IL-2,IL-4,IL-6,IL-10 and IFN-? was added to the culture media in the experimental group,while no any cytokine was given in the untreated group,and orbital adipose cells were primarily cultured in the control group. The cells were all collected twelve days later. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:The expression of thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor was examined with reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction,and the content of cyclic adenosine monophosphate was measured with simultaneous radioimmunoassay. The quantitation of adipose in cells was detected by staining intracytoplasmic lipids with oil red O. RESULTS:The expression of thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor was significantly higher in cells treated with IL-2,IL-4,IL-6 and IL-10 than that in the untreated cells and in the cells treated with IFN-?. Treatment of GO orbital adipose cells with IL-2,IL-4,IL-6 and IL-10 during differentiation resulted in significantly greater cyclic adenosine monophosphate production by different degrees. The highest production achieved in the treatment with IL-6,which was two times as many as control group. The cyclic adenosine monophosphate production was significantly lower in the cells treated with IFN-? than in the untreated cells. CONCLUSION:IL-6,IL-4 and IL-10 can upregulate the expression of thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor in the orbital adipose cells of GO patients,and stimulate adipose differentiation. Conversely,IFN-? can restrain this process.